天然气地质学

川中古隆起寒武系超压形成与保存

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  • 1.中国石油大学油气资源与探测国家重点实验室,北京 102249;
    2.中国石油大学盆地与油藏研究中心,北京 102249;
    3.南京大学地球科学与工程学院,江苏 南京 210023;
    4.中国石油勘探开发研究院廊坊分院,河北 廊坊 065007;
    5.中国石油杭州地质研究院,浙江 杭州 310023
刘一锋(1987-),男,重庆人,博士后,主要从事含油气盆地温压场和油气成藏机理研究. E-mail:liuyf1103@foxmail.com.

收稿日期: 2015-10-19

  修回日期: 2016-03-06

  网络出版日期: 2019-09-11

基金资助

国家“973”项目(编号:2012CB214703) ;国家杰出青年基金项目“石油与天然气地质”(编号:41125010);国家科技重大专项研究专题“典型大气田形成的温压条件研究”(编号:2011ZX05007-002)联合资助.

The formation and preservation of overpressure in old formations:#br# Taking the Cambrian in the central of Sichuan Basin as an instance

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  • 1.State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,China;
    2.Research Center for Basin and Reservoir,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,China;
    3.School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China;
    4.Langfang Branch,Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development,Langfang 065007,China;
    5.PetroChina Hangzhou Research Institute of Geology,Hangzhou 310023,China

Received date: 2015-10-19

  Revised date: 2016-03-06

  Online published: 2019-09-11

摘要

我国西部古老海相地层经历了复杂的地质演化过程,深入研究古老地层超压的成因机制和保存条件将有助于分析压力演化、完善油气成藏理论和提高勘探效率。以川中地区为例,利用多种压力数据并结合封隔层分布特征,将磨溪_高石梯地区纵向上划分为5个压力系统,其中包括3个超压系统;各超压系统的成因机制不同,寒武系超压主要是晚期原油裂解生气引起的流体膨胀所致,上三叠统须家河组和二叠系都具有明显的泥岩欠压实特征;下三叠统强超压应该是原油裂解作用附加了石膏脱水作用,膏岩良好的封隔能力是该套强超压保存的关键。良好的封隔层和晚期增压机制是川中古隆起寒武系发育超压的有利条件;后期构造抬升将造成地层压力下降,威远地区因此恢复至常压,磨溪_高石梯地区仍有超压保留。

本文引用格式

刘一锋, 邱楠生, 谢增业, 姚倩颖, 刘雯 . 川中古隆起寒武系超压形成与保存[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2016 , 27(8) : 1439 -1446 . DOI: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2016.08.1439

Abstract

As old marine formations in the west of China experienced complex geologic evolution,deep studies on the mechanisms and preservation of overpressure in old formations would help for analyzing the fluid pressure evolution,improving the oil and gas accumulation theory and increasing the exploration efficiency.Taking the central of Sichuan Basin as an example,five pressure systems including three overpressure systems in the Moxi-Gaoshiti area have been identified in vertical,based on multiple pressure data and seals distribution characteristics.Mechanisms for various overpressure systems are different.The Cambrian overpressure system is predominantly associated with fluid expansion which was mainly resulted from late gas generation through oil cracking;the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation and the Permian are obvious disequilibrium compaction overpressures.The high-overpressure in the marine carbonate rocks of Lower Triassic was caused by oil cracking and gypsum dehydration mechanisms,and the good sealing capacity of the gypsolyte is the key factor for preservation of the high-overpressure.Effective seals and late pressurization are advantages for overpressure developing in old marine formations.Tectonic uplift could decrease the fluid pressure,and for this reason,hydrostatic pressure is reverted in the Weiyuan area,and overpressures are remained in the Moxi-Gaoshiti area.

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