北极地区油气成藏条件、资源分布规律与重点含油气盆地分析

麻伟娇, 陶士振, 韩文学

doi:10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2016.06.1046

天然气地球科学 >

2016 , Vol. 27 >Issue 6: 1046 - 1056

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2016.06.1046

天然气地质学

北极地区油气成藏条件、资源分布规律与重点含油气盆地分析

展开

中国石油勘探开发研究院，北京 100083

麻伟娇（1991-），女，河南长垣人，硕士研究生，主要从事油气成藏研究. E-mail:maweijiao_cug@126.com.

收稿日期: 2015-11-10

修回日期: 2016-04-17

网络出版日期: 2019-09-19

基金资助

国家科技重大专项“岩性地层油气藏成藏规律、关键技术及目标评价”(编号:2011ZX05001)资助.

收起

Analysis on reservoir-forming conditions,resource distribution and major petroliferous basins of Arctic

Expand

Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development,PetroChina,Beijing 100083,China

Received date: 2015-11-10

Revised date: 2016-04-17

Online published: 2019-09-19

Fold

摘要

北极地区油气资源丰富，是未来油气勘探开发的重点区域，对北极含油气盆地地质条件的研究以及资源评价有着战略意义。基于北极含油气盆地构造演化、沉积特征的分析，开展了含油气盆地资源量统计和地质条件评价。研究表明:大部分含油气盆地沉积地层较厚，沉积序列较完整，圈闭类型主要为构造圈闭。已发现资源量和待发现资源量巨大且分布范围比较集中，待发现油气多集中于海上地区，尤其是广泛分布的大陆架上。对7个含油气盆地进行综合分析，结果显示:古生界以浅海碳酸盐岩、陆源泥页岩为主；中新生界以陆源碎屑岩为主，发育泥岩、页岩、煤层优质烃源岩和砂岩储层，均能形成良好的生储盖组合。盆地烃源岩主要为泥页岩，有机质类型主要为Ⅱ型、Ⅲ型，TOC含量变化范围大，为1%~10%，且R_O值主要分布于0.8%~2.5%之间；储层主要为中生界砂岩，孔隙度多数在8%~30%之间，渗透率在数百—数千毫达西；盖层主要为中新生界泥页岩。不同盆地由于其构造演化、沉积序列、地理位置各异，具有其独特的生—储—盖条件和资源潜力。盆地古生界烃源岩潜力巨大，而且碳酸盐岩经过长期暴露风化可能形成规模缝洞型储层，自生自储、新生古储资源类型潜力巨大。

关键词： 北极; 含油气盆地; 油气地质条件; 资源潜力; 分布规律

本文引用格式

麻伟娇, 陶士振, 韩文学 . 北极地区油气成藏条件、资源分布规律与重点含油气盆地分析[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2016 , 27(6) : 1046 -1056 . DOI: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2016.06.1046

Abstract

Proliferous in gas and oil,Arctic has been a hotspot for future petroleum exploration,research on reservoir-forming conditions and resources is of significant value.Based on tectonic evolution and stratigraphy-sedimentary characteristics,petroleum geology of petroliferous basins is analyzed and hydrocarbon resource is statistically compared.The results show that majority of main oil and gas-bearing basins have developed thick and complete sediments,the trap types are mainly anticlinal trap and fault trap.Both discovered and undiscovered resources are huge and their distribution is concentrated,undiscovered resources are mainly centered on the offshore area especially the continental shelves.Seven basins that are rich in discovered and undiscovered oil and gas are comprehensively described,the results reveal thatPaleozoic are packed with carbonate and mudstone while Mesozoic and Neozoic are mainly composed of terrigenous detrital rocks,all strata are favorable of source-reservoir-cap combination.The source rocks are mainly shale and mudstone,organic type belongs to type Ⅱ or Ⅲ.TOC is characterized by large variations but focused between 1% and 10%,and all the organic matter has maturity R_O>0.5%.The reservoirs are mainly Mesozoic sandstone with porosity of about 20% and permeability ranging between hundreds to thousands millidarcy.The caps are mainly Mesozoic-Neozoic shale.Each basin has its unique source-reservoir-cap combination and resource potential due to different tectonic evolution,sedimentary features and geographic position.Geological features in Arctic reveal that Paleozoic source rocks is of great potential,and the carbonate may experience longtime exposure and weathering which may form fracture-vuggy reservoirs,thus in-situ reservoir and young source-old reservoir are of great resource potential.

Key words： Arctic; Petroliferous basin; Petroleum geology; Resource potential; Distribution pattern

参考文献

[1]Chew K J,Arbouille D.Chapter 7:Hydrocarbon finds in the Arctic basins:Discovery history,discovered resources and petroleum systems[J].Geological Society London Memoirs,2011,35(1):131-144.
[2]Yin Zhide.Analysis on world petroleum resource[J].Natural Gas Geosciences,1997,8(2):1-8.[殷德智.世界油气资源潜力分析[J].天然气地球科学,1997,8(2):1-8.]
[3]Spencer A M,Embry A F,Gautier D L,et al.An overview of the petroleum geology of the Arctic[J].Geological Society,2011,35(1):1-15.
[4]Torsvik T H,Smethurst M A,Meert J G,et al.Continental break-up and collision in the Neoproterozoic and Palaeozoic:A tale of Baltica and Laurentia[J].Earth-Science Reviews,1996,40(3-4):229-258.
[5]Ziegler P A.Evolution of Laurussia[M].Netherlands:Kluwer Academic Publishers,1989.
[6]Grantz A,Scott R A,Drachev S S,et al.Sedimentary successions of the Arctic Region (58-64° to 90° N) that may be prospective for hydrocarbons[J].Geological Society,2011,35(1):17-37.
[7]Vernikovsky V A.The geodynamic evolution of the Taimyr folded area[J].Science，1996，217(4565):1084.
[8]Vernikovsky V A.Neoproterozoic and Late Paleozoic Taimyr Orogenic and Ophiolitic belts，North Asia：A Review for Models for their Formation[C].Beijing,30th International Geological Congress Proceedings,1997:121-138.
[9]Golonka J.Phanerozoic Reef Patterns[M].Tulsa:SEPM special publication,2002.
[10]Golonka J,Bocharova N Y.Hot spot activity and the break-up of Pangea[J].Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,2000,161(1):49-69.
[11]Golonka J.Cambrian-Neogene Plate Tectonic Maps[M].Wydawn:Uniwersytetu Jagielloí skiego,2000.
[12]Golonka J.Phanerozoic palaeoenvironment and palaeolithofacies maps of the Arctic region[J].Geological Society,2011,35(1):79-129.
[13]Lawver L A,Gahagan L M.Subduction zones,magmatism,and the breakup of Pangea[M].Berlin:Netherlands Springer,1993:225-247.
[14]Ford D，Golonka J.Phanerozoic paleogeography，paleoenvironment and lithofacies maps of the circum-Atlantic margins[J].Marine & Petroleum Geology，2003，20(3-4)：249-285.
[15]Ford D,Golonka J.Phanerozoic paleogeography,paleoenvironment and lithofacies maps of the circum-Atlantic margins[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2003,20(3):249-285.
[16]Golonka J,Ford D.Pangean (Late Carboniferous-Middle Jurassic) paleoenvironment and lithofacies[J].Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,2000,161(1):1-34.
[17]Parrish J T,Droser M L,Bottjer D J.A Triassic upwelling zone:the Shublik Formation,arctic Alaska,USA[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,2001,71(2):272-285.
[18]Klett T R.Assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources of the West Siberian Basin Province，Russia，2010[R].US Geological Survey，2011.
[19]Lu Jingmei,Shao Zijun,Fang Dianyong,et al.Analysis of oil-gas resources potential in the Arctic circle[J].Resources & Industries,2010,12(4):29-33.[卢景美,邵滋军,房殿勇,等.北极圈油气资源潜力分析[J].资源与产业,2010,12(4):29-33.]
[20]Bird K J,Charpentier R R,Gautier D L,et al.Circum-Arctic Resource Appraisal:Estimates of Undiscovered Oil and Gas North of the Arctic Circle[R].Geological Survey (US),2008.
[21]Gautier D L,Bird K J,Charpentier R R,et al.Assessment of undiscovered oil and gas in the Arctic[J].Science,2009,324(5931):1175-1179.
[22]Schenk C J.Geology and petroleum potential of the Timan-Pechora Basin Province,Russia[J].Geological Society,2011,35(1):283-294.
[23]Gao Jinwei,He Dengfa,Tong Xiaoguang,et al.Formation and distribution of giant oil and gas fields in Arctic petroliferous domain[J].Chian Petroleum Exploration,2014,19(1):75-90.[高金尉,何登发,童晓光,等.北极含油气域大油气田形成条件和分布规律[J].中国石油勘探,2014,19(1):75-90.]
[24]IHS Energy.Timan-Pechora Basin[DB].http://www.ihs.com/,2009.
[25]IHS Energy.South Kara-Yamal Basin[DB].http://www.ihs.com/,2009.
[26]IHS Energy.Sverdrup Basin[DB].http://www.ihs.com/,2009.
[27]IHS Energy.Alaska North Slope Basin[DB].http://www.ihs.com/,2009.
[28]IHS Energy.East Greenland Basin[DB].http://www.ihs.com/,2009.
[29]IHS Energy.East Barent Sea Basin[DB].http://www.ihs.com/,2009.
[30]IHS Energy.Mackenzie Delta[DB].http://www.ihs.com/,2009.
[31]Gautier D L,Bird K J,Charpentier R R,et al.First ever release of USGS offshore artic resource assessment:Alaska Platform,South Kara Sea have greatest potential[J].Offshore,2009,69(8):46-53.
[32]Lindholt L,Glomsrd S.The role of the Artic in future global petroleum supply[R].Research Department of Statistics Norway,2011.
[33]Timothy S.Natural gas hydrates of the Prudhoe Bay and Kupruk River area,North Slope,Alaska[J].Natural Gas Geosciences,1998,9(3/4):43-53.[Timothy S.阿拉斯加北部斜坡普拉德霍湾和库帕勒克河地区的天然气水合物[J].天然气地球科学,1998,9(3/4):43-53.]
[34]Bird K J,Houseknecht D W.Geology and petroleum potential of the Arctic Alaska petroleum province[J].Geological Society,2011,35(1):485-499.
[35]Peters K E,Ramos L S,Zumberge J E,et al.De-convoluting mixed crude oil in Prudhoe Bay field,North Slope,Alaska[J].Organic Geochemistry,2008,39(6):623-645.
[36]Houseknecht D W,Rouse W A,Garrity C P,et al.Assessment of potential oil and gas resources in source rocks of the Alaska North Slope[EB/OL].http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3013.(2013-01-9)[2015-10-28]
[37]Attanasi E D，Freeman P A.Economic analysis of the 2010 U.S.Geological Survey assessment of undiscovered oil and gas in the National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska[R].US Geological Survey,2011.
[38]Embry A.Petroleum prospectivity of the Triassic-Jurassic succession of Sverdrup Basin,Canadian Arctic Archipelago[J].Geological Society,2011,35(1):545-558.
[39]Embry A.Petroleum prospectivity of the Triassic-Jurassic succession of Sverdrup Basin,Canada arctic archipelago[J].Arctic Petroleum Geology，2011,35(2):199-205.
[40]Gautier D L,Bird K J,Charpentier R R,et al.Assessment of Undiscovered Oil and Gas Resources of the East Greenland Rift Basins Province[R].US:US Geological Survey,2007.
[41]Klett T R,Pitman J K.Geology and petroleum potential of the east Barents Sea Basins and Admiralty Arch[J].Geological Society,2011,35(1):295-310.
[42]Lindquist S J.The Timan-Pechora Basin Province of Northwest Arctic Russia;Domanik，Paleozoic Total Petroleum System[R].US:US Geological Survey,1999.
[43]Schenk C J.Geology and petroleum potential of the Timan-Pechora Basin Province,Russia[J].Geological Society,2011,35(1):283-294.
[44]Houseknecht D W,Bird K J.Geology and petroleum potential of the rifted margins of the Canada Basin[J].Geological Society,2011,35(1):509-526.
[45]Dixon J,Dietrich J,Snowdon L R,et al.Geology and Petroleum Potential of Upper Cretaceous and Tertiary Strata,Beaufort-Mackenzie Area,Northwest Canada (1)[J].AAPG Bulletin,1992,76(6):927-947.

Options

文章导航

模态框（Modal）标题

摘要

本文引用格式

Abstract

参考文献