蒸发岩沉积与油气形成的关系
蒸发岩沉积与油气形成之间的重要关系远远超过地质记录中稀少出现的蒸发岩本身的价值。如果通过古地磁研究确定了克拉通盆地位置的话,蒸发岩类型和它的沉积模型对区分盆地特征、大陆架构造框架,和绘制古构造和古气候图将非常有用。 地质剖面中的蒸发岩与某些淋滤白云岩储集层密切相关,但碳酸盐岩中的堵塞作用将妨碍孔隙的发育。蒸发岩通常作为油气的封盖层和油气的构造圈闭。蒸发岩还可作为地表盐类矿物的来源。蒸发岩在高温、高压埋藏成岩过程中有助于胶结作用和碳酸盐白云岩化。 运用蒸发岩形成和沉积模型理论能更好地指导含油气盆地的评价工作。目前认为盆地中央形成的蒸发岩是在蒸发作用使水面下降、海盆发生收缩过程中逐渐沉积下来的。在地质历史期间,这一地区的水平面呈快速的升、降交替变化,多期地表暴露使陆架和盆地边缘发生成岩作用,而且干旱气候条件对蒸发作用将会产生强烈的影响。
雷怀彦 . 蒸发岩沉积与油气形成的关系[J]. 天然气地球科学, 1996 , 7(2) : 22 -28 . DOI: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.1996.02.22
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