天然气地质学

塔里木盆地西部石炭系生屑灰岩段沉积环境与优质储层关系

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  • (中国石油勘探开发研究院杭州地质研究所,浙江 杭州 310023)
张荣虎(1976-),男,河南方城人,工程师,主要从事沉积学、油气储层及成藏方面的研究.E-mail:tigersoon@sina.com.

收稿日期: 2007-04-17

  修回日期: 2007-06-07

  网络出版日期: 2007-08-20

基金资助

“十五”国家重点科技攻关后两年滚动课题(编号:2004BA616A02\|04\|02\|04)资助.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SEDIMENTARY ENVIRONMENT AND HIGH QUALITYRESERVOIRS OF CARBONIFEROUS BIOCLASTIC LIMESTONE MEMBER,WEST OF TARIM BASIN

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  • (Hangzhou Institute of Geology, Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina, Hangzhou 310023, China)

Received date: 2007-04-17

  Revised date: 2007-06-07

  Online published: 2007-08-20

摘要

从沉积环境入手,依据岩心、铸体薄片、扫描电镜等资料,并结合区域地质背景对塔里木盆地西部麦盖提斜坡西段下石炭统巴楚组生屑灰岩段进行了研究,指出该区生屑灰岩段优质储层的岩性为粉晶白云岩、泥粉晶白云岩及灰质白云岩;储集空间以孔(晶间孔、晶间溶孔、鸟眼孔)+构造溶扩缝组合为主;孔隙结构具有粗歪度,分选好的特点,排驱压力一般小于0.5 MPa,最大孔喉半径一般为1.5~20 μm,平均孔喉半径大于0.5 μm,最大可达7 μm;孔隙度
为8%~29.6%(均值104%),渗透率一般为(0.1~68.4)×10\+\{-3\} μm\+2(均值2.6×10\+\{-3\} μm\+2),属中孔中渗—高孔中渗(Ⅰ—Ⅱ类)储层。认为蒸发台地潮上含膏云坪及潮间带上部灰云坪环境是优质储层发育的先决条件,白云岩化、准同生大气淡水溶蚀作用、海西期构造裂缝—油气注入对储层的储集空间发育、连通、保存起到主要的建设作用;优质储层的分布纵向上受控于沉积环境,集中发育在生屑灰岩段的上部—顶部的蒸发台地相带,厚度1~5 m,横向上受控于早石炭世晚期群苦恰克古隆起,沿古隆起既是优质储层发育的有利成岩相带(准同生白云岩化、大气淡水溶蚀),也是油气勘探的重点目标区。

本文引用格式

张荣虎, 张惠良, 沈安江, 陆俊明, 沈扬 . 塔里木盆地西部石炭系生屑灰岩段沉积环境与优质储层关系[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2007 , 18(4) : 501 -508 . DOI: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2007.04.501

Abstract

Commencing from sedimentation, according to core, cast liquid photo, scan electron microscope etc., combining the geology setting in the area, this study thinks
 that the high quality reservoirs of Carboniferous bioclastic limestone member in the western Maigaiti slope is silt crystal dolomite and clay\|silt crystal dol
omite; and the pore space is mostly pores (intercrystalline pore, intercrystalline emposieu, and birdeye pore) and tectonic dissolution fractures; the pore stru
cture is chick flexure and wellsorted, with drainage pressure less than 0.5 MPa, and most pore throats of 1.5~20 μm, and with average pore throats more than
0.5 μm, most pore throats 7 μm; and the porosity is 8~29.6% with the average of 10.4%, permeability is (0.1~68.4)×10\+\{-3\} μm\+2 with the average of 2.6×
10\+\{-3\} μm\+2, the reservoirs are of medium porosity and medium permeability to high porosity and medium permeability. Epilittoral zone dolomite of evapora
tion tableland and eulittoral zone limy dolomite are the primary factors controlling the development of the high quality reservoirs, and dolomitization, air fre
sh water dissolution, and tectonic fractures and hydrocarbon infusion of late Hercynian play the most important constructive roles in the development, connectio
n and preservation of pores. Vertically, the high quality reservoirs are controlled by depositional setting and mostly developed in evaporation tableland on the
 upper and top of the bioclastic limestone member, with the thickness of 1~5 m; horizontally, they are controlled by the Qunkuqiake palaeohigh of late Early Car
boniferous, and along the palaeohigh are not only favorable diagenetic facies (syngenetic dolomitization, air fresh water dissolution) of good quality reservoir, but also important target areas for exploration.

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