天然气地球科学 ›› 2007, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (1): 99–103.doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2007.01.99

• 天然气地球化学 • 上一篇    下一篇

储层中的沥青沉淀带及其对油气勘探的意义

胡守志1,付晓文2,王廷栋2,李延均2   

  1. (1.中国地质大学资源学院石油系,湖北 武汉 430074;  2.西南 石油大学资源与环境学院,四川 成都 610500)
  • 收稿日期:2006-07-31 修回日期:2006-12-11 出版日期:2007-02-10 发布日期:2008-06-20
  • 通讯作者: 胡守志hujoy@sohu.com. E-mail:hujoy@sohu.com.
  • 作者简介:胡守志(1976-),女,湖北公安人,博士,从事油气藏地球化学研究.

BITUMEN SEALED BELT IN RESERVOIRS AND ITS IMPLICATION TO PETROLE UM EXPLORATION

HU Shou-zhi1,FU Xiao-wen2,WANG Ting-dong2,LI Yan-jun2   

  1. (1.Department of Petroleum Engineering,  China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China; 2. Shool of Resources  an d Environment Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China )
  • Received:2006-07-31 Revised:2006-12-11 Online:2007-02-10 Published:2008-06-20

摘要:

在世界很多油气田的储集层中,都发现了天然形成的沥青沉淀带,说明储层中沥青沉淀带的存在是一个相当普遍的地质现象。前人的研究多集中在沥青沉淀的机理与成因判识、沥青的分布特征及其对储层物性的影响等方面,很少涉及沥青沉淀带对油气分布的影响,即使涉及的少数研究成果也都是从单一油田来进行分析,还未曾对其共性进行总结,此外,勘探家对钻探过程中出现的大量储层沥青重视不够,从而使得一些与沥青沉淀带有关的隐蔽型油气藏未能及时发现。根据前人的研究成果和实例,总结了3种不同成因储层沥青沉淀带的可能位置和储层沥青沉淀带的形成对油气分布的控制,指出沥青的沉淀对于油气藏不仅只有破坏作用,也有可能起到封堵作用而形成一种非常规类型的油气藏,关于这一点在勘探中应引起足够的重视。

关键词: 储层沥青沉淀带, 氧化降解, 气侵脱沥青, 焦沥青, 油气分布

Abstract:

Bitumen is universally distributed in the reservoirs of a large number of oil fields in the world. Many researches are focused mainly on the mechanism, genesis,and distribution character of the deposited bitumen. In a trap, solid bitumen can cause reservoir heterogeneity and form permeability barriers not related to depositional facies. When the precipitated bitumen fills pores totally, bitumen-sealed belts can be formed, and thereby hidden reservoirs formed. However, the occurrence of solid bitumen brings much difficulty in the decision of exploratory well sites, and prevents the prediction of favored intervals with the traditional geologic theories. The key to identify this sort of reservoirs is to find thesites of the bitumen-sealed belts. Based on the previous studies, this paper suggests three possible positions of bitumen-sealed belts of different genesis, and the most favoured exploration targets. More attention should be paid to the exploration when bitumen appears. 

Key words: Reservoir bitumen-sealed belt, Oxidative degradation, Deasphalting by gas stripping, Pyrobitumen, Distribution of oil and gas

中图分类号: 

  • TE122.1+13

[1]  Hwang R J, Teerman S C, Carlson R M. Geochemical comp-arison of reservoir solid bitumen with diverse origins[J]. Org Geochem, 19 98, 29:505-517.    
[2] Lomando A J. The influence of solid reservoir bitumen on rese rvoir quality[J]. Bull AAPG, 1992, 76: 1137-1152.  
[3]  Rogers M A, McAlary J D, Bailey N J L. Significance of reservoir bi tumen to thermal-alteration studies, West Canada Basin[J]. Bull AAPG, 1974, 5 8:1806-1824.  
 [4]  Stasuik L D. The origin of pyrobitumens in Upper Devonian Leduc For mation gas reservoirs, Alberta, Canada: an optical and EDS study of oil to gas t ransformation[J]. Mar and Petrol Geol, 1997, 14: 915-929.  
[5] Wilhelms A, Larter S R. Origin of tar mats in petroleum res-ervoirs. Part Ⅰ: introduction and cases[J].Mar and Petrol Geol, 1994,  11:418-441.  
[6]  Wilhelms A, Larter S R. Origin of tar mats in petroleum res-ervoirs. Part Ⅱ: formation mechanisms for tar mats[J]. Mar and Petrol  Geol, 1994, 11: 442-456.  
 [7] Wilhelms A, Larter S R. Overview of the geochemistry of tar m ats North Sea and U S A: implications for tar mat format-ion [C ]//Cubi tt J M, En gland W A.In The Geochemistry of Reservoirs.Geological Society Special Publicati on 86, 1995:87-102.  
 [8]  Moore L V. Significance, classification of asphaltic material in pe troleum exploration[J]. Oil & Gas Journal, 1984, 82(41): 109-112.  
  [9]  Khorasani G, Murchison D G. Thermally metamorphosed bitumen from Windy Knoll, Derbyshire, England[J]. Chem Geol, 1978, 22:91-105 . 
 [10]  Hunt J M. Characterization of bitumens and coals[J]. Bull AAPG, 1978,  62: 301-303. 
 [11]  George S C, Llorca S M, Hamilton P J. An integrated analytical  approach for determining the origin of solid bitumens in the McArthur Bas in, Northern Australia[J]. Org Geochem, 1994, 21: 235-248.  
 [12] Dahl B, Speers G C. Geochemical characterization of a tar mat in t he Oseberg Field Norwegian Sector, North Sea[J]. Org Geochem, 1985, 10: 547-5 58. 
 [13]  Evans C R, Rogers M A, Bailey N J L. Evolution and alteration  of petrleum in western Canada[J]. Chem Geol, 1971, 8:147-170. 
 [14]  张敏.油气藏中沥青垫的研究进展[J].地质科技情报,1997,16(1):81-84. 
 [15]  张敏.陆相凝析气藏中沥青垫的发现及其地质意义[J].科学通报,1996,41(21): 1967-1969. 
 [16]  张敏.塔里木盆地牙哈油气田沥青垫特征及其成因—分布产状与宏观组成特征[J] . 石油与天然气地质,1996,17(4):308-312. 
 [17]  张敏.塔里木盆地牙哈油气田沥青垫特征及其成因—烃的特征与沥青垫成因[J]. 石油与天然气地质,1998,19(1):49-52. 
 [18]  纪友亮.固态沥青对储层储集性能的影响[J].石油勘探与开发,1995,22(4):87-91. 
 [19]  强子同,韩耀文,郭一华.碳酸盐岩成岩圈闭与四川的油气勘探[J]. 西南石油学 院学报,1981,3(4):28-40. 
 [20]  韩耀文,王廷栋,王海清,等.四川八角场油气田大安寨组凝析气藏的地质—地球 化学研究[J]. 沉积学报,1990,12 (4):95-104. 
 [21]  胡守志,王廷栋,付晓文,等.从地球化学角度看高科1井的天然气勘探前景[J]. 天然气地球科学,2003,14(6):492-495. 
 [22]  胡守志,王廷栋,付晓文,等.四川盆地中部震旦系天然气勘探前景研究[J].石 油实验地质,2005,27(3):222-225 . 
 [23]  王顺玉,李兴甫.威远和资阳震旦系天然气地球化学特征与含气系统研究[J]. 天 然气地球科学,1999,10(3-4):63-69. 
 [24]  陈世加,王廷栋,代鸿鸣.天然气储层沥青的生标物分布与干气运移[J]. 天然气 地球科学,1993,4(5):35-39. 

[1] 高崇龙,纪友亮,靳军,王剑,任影,曾力,王道伟,张昊,李谨杰. 古隆起埋藏期沟谷残丘地貌下沉积体系及油气藏发育模式——以准噶尔盆地腹部石南地区清水河组一段为例[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(8): 1120-1137.
[2] 王龙,谢晓军,刘世翔,宋双,王一博,唐武,郭佳,孙瑞. 南海南部主要盆地油气分布规律及主控因素[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2017, 28(10): 1546-1554.
[3] 吴亚东,孙春岩,王东旭,蒋涛,黄英,龚建华. 哈萨克斯坦南图尔盖盆地南肯尼斯油田油气分布特征及成藏主控因素[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2016, 27(11): 2013-2022.
[4] 王海峰,陈怀龙,王维斌,姚武君,孙林,王兆峰,文涛. 阿富汗北部阿姆河盆地东部油气差异分布控制因素研究[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2014, 25(6): 860-866.
[5] 谢世文, 张哨楠, 丁晓琪, 冯一波, 吴早平. 鄂尔多斯盆地麻黄山地区油气分布及成藏特征[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2010, 21(2): 238-242,262.
[6] 徐振中;姚军;王夕宾;张荻楠 . 海拉尔盆地苏德尔特油田兴安岭群Ⅰ油层组沉积微相及其含油气性[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2008, 19(05): 680-684.
[7] 张 乐,姜在兴,郭振廷. 构造应力与油气成藏关系[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2007, 18(1): 32-36.
[8] 达江;宋岩;洪峰;赵孟军;傅国友;方世虎;. 中国中西部前陆盆地成藏特征的初步分析[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2006, 17(4): 452-455.
[9] 谢晓军,盛湘. 泌阳凹陷油气展布及运移特征[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2003, 14(2): 130-133.
[10] 刘文汇;黄第藩;熊传武;徐永昌;. 成烃理论的发展及国外未熟―低熟油气的分布与研究现状[J]. 天然气地球科学, 1999, 10(1-2): 1-22.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!