0 引言
1 区域地质特征
图2 川南地区及周缘中二叠统栖霞组岩相古地理Fig.2 Lithofacies paleogeographic of Middle Permian Qixia Formation in southern Sichuan Basin and its surroundings |
陈骁(1984-),男,四川苍溪人,博士,高级工程师,主要从事四川盆地油气地质勘探研究.E-mail:CXjeff@petrochina.com.cn. |
收稿日期: 2024-12-02
修回日期: 2025-03-25
网络出版日期: 2025-04-03
Paleostructural evolution of the top surface of Middle Permian Qixia Formation and its relationship with hydrocarbon in southern Sichuan Basin
Received date: 2024-12-02
Revised date: 2025-03-25
Online published: 2025-04-03
Supported by
The Science and Technology Department Project of PetroChina Southwest Oil and Gasfield Company(20230301-04)
栖霞组是四川盆地中二叠统海相碳酸盐岩的主要产层。古构造高点通常是油气长期运聚的有利低势区,其研究对油气勘探尤为重要。基于钻井、测井、地震及野外地质等资料,开展川南地区中二叠统栖霞组关键构造期古构造演化及油气关系研究。结果表明:川南地区栖霞组台内滩发育,寒武系及志留系烃源岩在研究区内广泛分布;晚二叠世栖霞组顶面古构造呈现NW—SE向低幅隆起;早三叠世在古蔺—泸县—荣昌呈北西向倾伏隆起;中三叠世倾伏隆起发展壮大成穹隆构造隆起带,古构造高点迁移,面积增大;晚三叠世构造隆起带继承性发展但隆起范围略有缩小;早—中侏罗世,构造格局基本继承晚三叠世末的穹窿构造隆起带,隆起带内出现多个规模不等的古构造圈闭;后经喜马拉雅运动调整为呈帚状向南展布的侏罗山式褶皱。流体包裹体均一温度分析表明,栖霞组存在4期油气运移。结合古构造演化特征,认为栖霞组台内环古隆起边缘高带是原油运移的有利区,早—中三叠世形成的古圈闭能够较好地捕获油气,早—中侏罗世天然气主要向穹隆状隆起带内的圈闭运移,喜马拉雅期古气藏进一步调整形成现今气藏格局。根据栖霞组油气成藏要素及古构造特征,认为帚状构造北部斜坡区①号储层内江—泸县地区烃源岩与古构造匹配关系好,具有较大的天然气勘探潜力。
陈骁 , 苏桂萍 , 刘冉 , 陈延贵 , 张玺华 , 王尉 , 李亚 , 钟佳倚 , 白晓亮 , 袁倩 , 彭思桥 . 川南地区中二叠统栖霞组顶面古构造演化特征及油气关系[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2025 , 36(8) : 1430 -1445 . DOI: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2025.03.015
Qixia Formation of Middle Permian is the main reservoir of marine carbonate rocks in Sichuan Basin. The Paleostructural high point is usually a favorable low-potential area for long-term migration and accumulation of oil and gas, so the study of paleostructure is particularly important for oil and gas exploration. Based on the data of drilling, logging, seismic and field geology, this paper studies the paleostructural evolution and oil-gas relationship of the key tectonic periods of the Middle Permian Qixia Formation in southern Sichuan. The results show that the intra-platform shoals of Qixia Formation in southern Sichuan is developed, and the Cambrian and Silurian source rocks are widely distributed in the area. Paleostructure of the top of Qixia Formation in Late Permian showed a NW-SE low-amplitude uplift. In the Early Triassic, there was a NW plunging uplift in Gulin-Luxian-Rongchang. In the Middle Triassic, the plunging uplift developed into a dome tectonic uplift zone, and the paleotectonic peak migrated and its area increased. In the Late Triassic, the tectonic uplift zone developed inheritingly. In the Early-Middle Jurassic, the tectonic pattern basically inherited the dome tectonic uplift belt at the end of the Late Triassic, and several palaeotectonic traps of different sizes appeared in the uplift belt. Later, it was extruded into the Jura-type folds by the tectonic stress of Himalayan movement, spreading southward in a broom-like shape. The homogenization temperature analysis of fluid inclusions shows that there are four stages of oil and gas migration in Qixia Formation. Combined with the characteristics of palaeotectonic evolution, it is considered that the upper belt of the inner ring palaeouplift of Qixia Formation is a favorable area for crude oil migration, and the palaeotrap formed in the Early and Middle Triassic can capture oil and gas well. The palaeogas migrated to the trap in the dome uplift belt in the Early and Middle Jurassic. The palaeogas reservoir in the Himalayan period further adjusted to form the present gas reservoir pattern. According to the hydrocarbon accumulation factors and paleostructural characteristics of Qixia Formation, it is considered that the source rocks in Neijiang-Luxian area in the No. 1 reservoir in the Northern Slope area of the broom-like structure have a good matching relationship with the paleostructure, and have great potential for natural gas exploration.
图2 川南地区及周缘中二叠统栖霞组岩相古地理Fig.2 Lithofacies paleogeographic of Middle Permian Qixia Formation in southern Sichuan Basin and its surroundings |
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