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杨占龙(1970-),男,甘肃宁县人,博士,高级工程师,主要从事陆相湖盆油气地质特征综合评价与岩性油气藏勘探方法与技术研究.E-mail:yang_zl@petrochina.com.cn. |
收稿日期: 2024-09-22
修回日期: 2024-10-31
网络出版日期: 2024-11-28
Infilling evolution and hydrocarbon accumulation of Jurassic in Turpan-Kumul Basin
Received date: 2024-09-22
Revised date: 2024-10-31
Online published: 2024-11-28
Supported by
The Science and Technology Projects of China National Petroleum Corporation(RIPED-2023-JS-2206)
为深化吐哈盆地侏罗系油气勘探,以岩性岩相分析为基础,综合考虑构造活动与气候变化,通过湖盆潜在可容纳空间与沉积物+水供给的相对平衡关系,构建了基于沉积过程的湖盆填充模式。结果表明:①吐哈盆地侏罗纪先后经历了3种类型5个阶段,即过填充(八道湾组)→平衡填充(三工河组)→过填充(西山窑组)→平衡填充(三间房组—七克台组)→欠填充(齐古组—喀拉扎组)的湖盆填充过程。②过填充阶段初始洪泛面之上、最大洪泛面附近、深水中发育的富有机质泥质沉积,水退体系域滨湖碎屑岩,水进体系域远端和前三角洲泥质沉积组成良好的生储盖组合。平衡填充阶段洪泛面之上及水退体系域下部富有机质沉积、湖底扇、下切谷充填物及水进和水退体系域滨湖碎屑岩,水进体系域晚期和水退体系域早期前三角洲泥质沉积组成优越的生储盖组合。欠填充阶段初始湖侵面之上、水进体系域上部富有机质沉积、水进体系域碎屑岩相、水退体系域早期河道相和晚期滨岸碎屑岩,水进体系域上部和水退体系域底部泥质沉积组成高效的生储盖组合。③基于沉积过程构建的湖盆填充模式可将相关特征或属性扩展到预测领域,主要体现在对湖盆岩性岩相描述的有效性、烃源岩与储层发育特征、层序叠加样式与油气成藏特征的可预测性,预测吐哈盆地晚侏罗世欠填充湖盆阶段发育有一定规模以暗色泥岩为主的烃源岩系,过填充阶段八道湾组、西山窑组的发育下切谷、湖底扇及平衡填充阶段规模发育的近岸水下扇为潜在有利勘探领域。基于过程的湖盆填充特征分析对陆相湖盆发展演化理论研究和油气勘探开发具有重要指导意义。
杨占龙 , 肖冬生 , 武超 , 胡军 , 郝彬 , 李在光 , 吴青鹏 , 郭精义 , 刘震华 . 吐哈盆地侏罗纪湖盆填充演化与油气成藏[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2025 , 36(3) : 455 -468 . DOI: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2024.11.003
In order to deepen the Jurassic hydrocarbon exploration of Turpan-Kumul Basin, based on lithology and lithofacies analysis, considering tectonic activity and paleoclimate change, according to the relative balance of rates of potential accommodation change with sediment + water supply, a process-based infilling model of Jurassic infilling was constructed. The results show that: (1) The Jurassic has undergone three types and five stages of sediment infilling, which are overfilled (Badaowan Formation), balanced-fill (Sangonghe Formation), overfilled (Xishanyao Formation), balanced-fill (Sanjianfang-Qiketai formations) and underfilled (Qigu–Kalazha formations); (2) The organic-rich sediments above flooding surfaces, especially around maximum flooding surfaces, in profundal strata, and within some intervals of lake-plain strata (source), highstand clastic shoreline strata, lowstand incised valley fills and lake floor fans (reservoir) and distal transgressive and highstand prodelta strata (seal) combined good source-reservoir-cap assemblage in overfilled stage. The organic-rich sediments above the flooding surfaces in para sequence scale and the lower portion of highstand systems tracts (source), lake-floor fans, incised-valley fills, and shoreline clastics deposited during transgressions and highstands (reservoir) and prodelta mudrocks in late transgressive and early highstand systems tracts (seal) combined favorable source-reservoir-cap assemblage during balanced-fill phase. The organic-rich sediments above the initial transgressive surface (source), transgressive sheetflood clastics, early highstand fluvial channels (reservoir) and upper transgressive and basal-highstand systems tract strata (seal) combined efficient source-reservoir-cap assemblage in underfilled phase. (3) The process-based infilling model of lacustrine basin can extend its relevant hypotheses or attributes into predictive realms, which is mainly reflected in the validity of facies description and the predictability of source rocks, reservoirs, sequence stacking patterns and hydrocarbon accumulation. It is predicted that a certain of source rock mainly composed of dark mudstone is developed in underfilled of Jurassic, and the incised-valleys, lake floor fans within the overfilled Badaowan and Xishanyao formations and the large-scale nearshore fans developed in balanced-fill Sanjianfang Formation are potential favorable exploration domains. The process-based analysis of lakes infilling is significant for theoretical study on evolution and hydrocarbon exploration and development of lacustrine basins.
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