0 引言
1 区域地质概况
2 天然气成因与运移方向
2.1 天然气成因及来源
2.2 天然气运移路径示踪
3 油气沿断层走向运移聚集模式
4 油气沿断层走向运移控制因素
4.1 断裂带结构
4.2 砂体发育特征
图8 平湖斜坡P7砂层组砂体厚度(a)及砂地比(b)平面分布Fig.8 Plane distribution of thickness (a) and sand strata ratio (b) for P7 sand group in the Pinghu Slope |
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郭刚(1976-),男,山东莱州人,博士,高级工程师,主要从事海洋油气勘探地质研究. E-mail: guok@sina.com. |
收稿日期: 2023-08-23
修回日期: 2023-11-17
网络出版日期: 2024-03-07
Hydrocarbon migration and accumulation patterns along fault strike and controlling factors of the K structural belt in the Pinghu Slope, Xihu Depression, East China Sea Basin
Received date: 2023-08-23
Revised date: 2023-11-17
Online published: 2024-03-07
Supported by
The National Science and Technology Major Projects during the 13th Five Year Plan(2016ZX05024002)
the Major Science and Technology Projects during the 14th Five Year Plan for CNOOC(KJGG2021-0300)
东海盆地西湖凹陷平湖斜坡K构造带油气资源丰富,油气运聚过程复杂,研究油气沿断层走向运聚模式及控制因素,可以为相似区带油气勘探提供理论依据。为此,综合利用天然气组分和碳同位素等分析测试数据,研究K构造带天然气成因及运移路径,总结油气沿断层走向运移聚集模式,明确油气可以沿断层走向运移的影响因素。结果表明:K构造带天然气以煤型气为主,等效R O值高于本地烃源岩,以东部洼陷烃源岩供烃为主;运移路径示踪参数变化趋势指示研究区主要存在3个天然气运移方向,均为沿断层走向运移。油气具有“破碎带垂向运移、破碎带—砂体走向运移、断层—盖层封堵、构造高点圈闭聚集”的运聚模式。油气可以沿断层走向长距离运移的条件为具有断裂带和砂体输导通道及断层具有好的垂向和侧向封闭性。研究区发育宽度较大的断裂带,破碎带物性好,为油气垂向和走向运移通道。平湖组砂体具有厚度大、连通性高、物性好的特征,为油气走向运移的有利输导层;平湖组盖层封盖石油和天然气的断接厚度下限值分别为6 m和10 m。主干断层附近盖层的断接厚度均大于10 m,垂向封闭性好,油气难以突破盖层向上部层系逸散;主干断层不同位置和深度的SGR值为32.1%~91.1%,高于封堵油气下限值(30%),侧向封闭性好,油气难以穿断运移。
郭刚 , 苏圣民 , 徐建永 , 刘志峰 , 廖计华 , 张晓庆 . 东海盆地西湖凹陷平湖斜坡K构造带油气沿断层走向运聚模式及控制因素[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2024 , 35(3) : 393 -404 . DOI: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2023.11.006
The K structural belt of the Pinghu Slope in the Xihu Depression of East China Sea Basin is enriched in oil and gas, and the hydrocarbon migration and accumulation process is complex. Studying the hydrocarbon migration and accumulation patterns along fault strike and controlling factors can provide a theoretical basis for oil and gas exploration in similar areas. Therefore, comprehensive analysis methods such as natural gas composition and carbon isotope of natural gas were used to study the origin of natural gas and the hydrocarbon migration direction of the K structural belt, clarify the controlling factors for oil and gas migration along fault strike, and summarize the hydrocarbon migration and accumulation patterns along fault strike. The research results show that the natural gas in the K structural belt is mainly coal-type gas, whose maturity is higher than that of the local source rock, and is sourced from the source rock in the eastern subsag. The changing trend of hydrocarbon migration tracing parameters indicates that there are three hydrocarbon migration directions in the study area, all of which are along the fault strike. On the whole, the K structural belt of the Pinghu Slope has a hydrocarbon migration and accumulation model of “vertical migration of damage zone, strike migration along damage zone and sand body, fault zone and cap rock sealing, and high point trap accumulation”. The conditions that oil and gas can migrate long distance along the fault strike are the fault zone and sand body transport channel and the fault has good vertical and lateral sealing. Obvious fault zone structures were developed in the study area, and damage zones had good physical properties, which were the vertical and lateral hydrocarbon migration pathways. The sand bodies of the Pinghu Formation have the characteristics of large thickness, high connectivity, and good physical properties, making it a favorable transporting layer for hydrocarbon lateral migration. The lower limit values of fault juxtaposition thickness for sealing oil and natural gas of the Pinghu Formation are 6 m and 10 m, respectively. The fault juxtaposition thickness of the three main faults is greater than 10 m, indicating good vertical sealing. The SGR values at different positions and depths of the main fault range from 32.1% to 91.1%, which is higher than the lower limit of sealing oil and gas (30%), and has good lateral sealing.
图8 平湖斜坡P7砂层组砂体厚度(a)及砂地比(b)平面分布Fig.8 Plane distribution of thickness (a) and sand strata ratio (b) for P7 sand group in the Pinghu Slope |
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