贺东阳(1991-),男,湖南怀化人,硕士,工程师,主要从事地震资料处理与解释研究.E-mail:he_dy@petrochina.com.cn. |
收稿日期: 2022-11-09
修回日期: 2023-01-31
网络出版日期: 2023-07-28
Removing strong seismic reflection using soft threshold based on dynamic dictionary decomposition
Received date: 2022-11-09
Revised date: 2023-01-31
Online published: 2023-07-28
Supported by
The Forward-looking, Basic and Strategic Technological Key Projects of PetroChina Corporation(2021DJ0606)
the Science and Technology Projects of PetroChina Exploration and Production Company(2022KT1503)
当地层存在低速或高速层时,通常会产生强反射界面,储层弱反射信号被强反射信号所屏蔽,地震剖面表现为强能量同相轴,降低了储层预测的准确性。因此消除强反射对储层弱信号的屏蔽影响具有重要意义。依据信号的稀疏分解理论,提出一种基于动态字典分解的利用软门限方式消除地震强反射方法。首先采用雷克子波建立动态字典库,将地震强反射波形分解为动态字典的稀疏表示,然后利用软门限方式对动态字典中振幅较大的分量分别进行切除,以达到消除强反射的目的。相对于传统的地震强反射消除方法,该方法不仅可以较好地改善强反射消除之后的横向不连续性问题,而且降低了对强反射层位的依赖性,不需要提供准确的强反射层位数据。物理模型数据测试和实际资料的应用表明,该方法可有效消除强反射的屏蔽影响,突显储层有效信号。
贺东阳 , 高建虎 , 李胜军 , 张繁昌 , 田彦灿 . 基于动态字典分解的利用软门限方式消除地震强反射方法[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2023 , 34(8) : 1460 -1468 . DOI: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2023.02.003
When there is a low-velocity or high-velocity layer in the formation, a strong reflection interface usually occurs, and the weak reflection signal of the reservoir is shielded by the strong reflection signal, and the seismic profile shows a strong event, which reduces the accuracy of reservoir prediction. Therefore, it is of great significance to remove the shielding effect of strong reflection on weak reservoir signals. According to the sparse signal decomposition theory, this paper proposes a method of removing strong seismic reflection using soft threshold based on dynamic dictionary decomposition. Firstly, the dynamic dictionary is established by using the Ricker wavelet, and the seismic strong reflection waveform is decomposed into the sparse representation of the dynamic dictionary. Then soft threshold method is used to remove the components of the dynamic dictionary with large amplitude, so as to achieve the purpose of removing the strong reflection. Compared with the traditional strong seismic reflection removal method, this method can better improve the lateral discontinuity after the removal of strong reflections. It also reduces the dependence on strong reflection horizon, and no longer requires accurate strong reflection horizon data. The test of physical model data and the application of actual data show that this method can effectively remove the shielding effect of strong reflection and highlight the effective signal of the reservoir.
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