以鄂尔多斯盆地华庆地区长6致密砂岩为研究对象，利用QEMSCAN、光学显微镜、场发射扫描电镜、微米CT、高压压汞、核磁共振等方法对孔隙结构与可动流体进行了研究。结果表明，华庆地区长6储层发育原生粒间孔、颗粒溶蚀孔与粒间溶蚀扩大孔，以钾长石、岩屑、方解石溶蚀为主；CT三维孔喉模型指示孔喉连通性中等—好，连通孔隙体积比例与储层物性呈正相关关系。长6致密砂岩可动流体饱和度介于70%~90%之间，可动油饱和度介于40%~65%之间，与储层物性呈正相关关系。不同渗透率样品可动流体与可动油分布的优势孔喉尺寸具有差异性，当空气渗透率从大于1 ×10-3μm2到(0.1~1)×10-3μm2再到小于0.1×10-3μm2，可动流体饱和度分布的优势孔喉半径从0.1~1μm减小到0.01~0.1μm再到0.001~0.01μm，可动油饱和度分布的优势孔喉半径从1~10μm减小到0.1~1μm再到0.001~0.01μm。研究结果有助于进一步明确致密砂岩储层微观孔隙结构与可动流体的关系，为鄂尔多斯盆地致密油勘探开发提供参考依据。
Characteristics of pore structures and movable fluids of tight sandstones of the Upper Triassic Chang 6 member in Huaqing area of the Ordos Basin were analyzed based on the data from QEMSCAN，optical microscope，FE-SEM，Micro-CT，MICP and NMR.Inter-particle pores，particle-dissolution pores，and inter-particle dissolved pores were dominated in the storage space，and K-feldspar，rock fragments and calcite were the main dissolution components.CT data indicated that the connectivity of 3D pore system was medium to good，and the ratio of connected pores was positively related to physical properties.The ranges of movable fluid saturation and movable oil saturation of Chang 6 member was 70%-90% and 40%-65%，which showed positive correlations with porosity and permeability.The movable fluid saturation changed among samples with different permeability values.As the air permeability of Chang 6 member decreased from over 1×10-3μm2 to 0.1×10-3μm2 and less than 0.1×10-3μm2，the radius of storage space for movable fluid decreased from 0.1-1μm to 0.01-0.1μm and 0.001-0.01μm.Moreover，the radius of storage space for movable oil decreased from 1-10μm to 0.1-1μm and 0.001-0.01μm，respectively.The results can help to further define the relationship between pore structure and movable fluids of tight sandstones，as well as provide technical support for petroleum exploration and development in Huaqing area.
［1］Zou Caineng，Tao Shizhen，Hou Lianhua，et al.Unconventional [JP2]Petroleum Geology[M].Beijing：Geological Publishing House，2014.
邹才能，陶士振，侯连华，等.非常规油气地质学[M].北京：地质出版社，2014.
[2]Cao Zhe，Liu Guangdi，Liu Zhuangxiaoxue，et al.Research status on tight oil and its prospects[J].Natural Gas Geoscience，2014，25(10)：1499-1508.
曹喆，柳广弟，柳庄小雪，等.致密油地质研究现状及展望[J].天然气地球科学，2014，25(10)：1499-1508.
[3]Jia Chengzao，Zheng Min，Zhang Yongfeng.Unconventional hydrocarbon resources in China and the prospect of exploration and development[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development，2012，39(2)：129-136.
贾承造，郑民，张永峰.中国非常规油气资源与勘探开发前景[J].石油勘探与开发，2012，39(2)：129-136.
[4]Li Denghua，Liu Zhuoya，Zhang Guosheng，et al.Comparison and revelation of tight oil accumulation conditions，distribution characteristics and development status between China and U.S[J].Natural Gas Geoscience，2017，28(7)：1126-1138.
李登华，刘卓亚，张国生，等.中美致密油成藏条件、分布特征和开发现状对比与启示[J].天然气地球科学，2017，28(7)：1126-1138.
[5]EIA.Drilling Productivity Report for key tight oil and shale regions[EB/OL].[2019-08].https：//www.eia.gov/petroleum/drilling/pdf/dpr-full.pdf.
[6]Zou Caineng，Zhu Rukai，Wu Songtao，et al.Types，characteristics，genesis and prospects of conventional and unconventional hydrocarbon accumulations：Taking tight oil and tight gas in China as an instance[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica，2012，33(2)：173-187.
邹才能，朱如凯，吴松涛，等.常规与非常规油气聚集类型、特征、机理及展望——以中国致密油和致密气为例[J].石油学报，2012，33(2)：173-187.
[7]Zou Caineng，Yang Zhi，Zhu Rukai，et al.Geologic significance and optimization technique of sweet spots in unconventional shale systems[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences，2019，178：3-19.
[8]Wu Songtao，Zhu Rukai，Yang Zhi，et al.Distribution and characteristics of lacustrine tight oil reservoirs in China[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences，2019，178：20-36.
[9]Zou Caineng，Zhu Rukai，Li Jianzhong，et al.Geological Evaluating Methods for Tight Oil[S].PRC National Standard(GB/T 34906-2017).Beijing：China Standards Press 2017.
邹才能，朱如凯，李建忠，等.致密油地质评价方法[S].中华人民共和国国家标准(GB/T 34906-2017).北京：中国标准出版社2017.
[10]Timur A.Pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance studies of porosity，movable fluid，and permeability of sandstones[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology，1969，21(6)：775-786.
[11]Kevin M，Douglas M，Smith A.NMR technique for the analysis of pore structure：numerical inversion of relaxation measurements[J].Journal of Colloid and Interface Science，1987，19(1)：117-126.
[12]Wang Weimin，Guo Hekun，Ye Chaohui.The evaluation of development potential in low permeability oil field by the aid of NMR movable fluid detecting technology[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica，2001，22(6)：40-44，4-5.
王为民，郭和坤，叶朝辉.利用核磁共振可动流体评价低渗透油田开发潜力[J].石油学报，2001，22(6)：40-44，4-5.
[13]Yang Hua，Li Shixiang，Liu Xianyang.Characteristics and resource prospects of tight oil and shale oil in Ordos Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica，2013，34(1)：1-11.
杨华，李士祥，刘显阳.鄂尔多斯盆地致密油、页岩油特征及资源潜力[J].石油学报，2013，34(1)：1-11.
[14]Yao Jingli，Deng Xiuqin，Zhao Yande，et al.Characteristics of tight oil in Triassic Yanchang Formation，Ordos Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development，2013，40(2)：150-158.
姚泾利，邓秀芹，赵彦德，等.鄂尔多斯盆地延长组致密油特征[J].石油勘探与开发，2013，40(2)：150-158.
[15]Yang Zhi，Hou Lianhua，Lin Senhu，et al.Geologic characteristics and exploration potential of tight oil and shale oil in Lucaogou Formation in Jimsar Sag[J].China Petroleum Exploration，2018，23(4)：76-85.
杨智，侯连华，林森虎，等.吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组致密油、页岩油地质特征与勘探潜力[J].中国石油勘探，2018，23(4)：76-85.
[16]Yang Hua，Fu Jinhua，He Haiqing，et al.Formation and distribution of large low-permeability lithologic oil regions in Huaqing，Ordos Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development，2012，39(6)：641-648.
杨华，付金华，何海清，等.鄂尔多斯华庆地区低渗透岩性大油区形成与分布[J].石油勘探与开发，2012，39(6)：641-648.
[17]Shi Tiaotiao，Sun Wei，He Shengping.Relationship between micro-pore structure and movable fluid saturation in low permeability reservoir[J].Geological Science and Technology Information，2012，31(4)：81-85.
师调调，孙卫，何生平.低渗透储层微观孔隙结构与可动流体饱和度关系研究[J].地质科技情报，2012，31(4)：81-85.
[18]You Yuan，Niu Xiaobing，Feng Shengbin，et al.Study of pore features in Chang7 tight oil reservoir，Yanchang layer，Ordos Basin[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum：Edition of Natural Science，2014，38(6)：18-23.
尤源，牛小兵，冯胜斌，等.鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长7致密油储层微观孔隙特征研究[J].中国石油大学学报：自然科学版，2014，38(6)：18-23.
[19]Yang Zhi，Fu Jinhua，Guo Qiulin，et al.Discovery，characteristics and resource potential of continental tight oil in Triassic Yanchang Formation，Ordos Basin[J].China Petroleum Exploration，2017，22(6)：9-15.
杨智，付金华，郭秋麟，等.鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组陆相致密油发现、特征及潜力[J].中国石油勘探，2017，22(6)：9-15.
[20]Wu Songtao，Zhu Rukai，Li Xun，et al.Evaluation and application of porous structure characterization technologies in unconventional tight reservoirs[J].Earth Science Frontiers，2018，25(2)：191-203.
吴松涛，朱如凯，李勋，等.致密储层孔隙结构表征技术有效性评价与应用[J].地学前缘，2018，25(2)：191-203.
[21]Yang Zhi，Zou Caineng.“Exploring petroleum inside source kitchen”：Connotation and prospects of source rock oil and gas[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development，2019，46(1)：173-184.
[22]Wang Weimin，Ye Zhaohui，Guo Hekun.Experimental studies of NMR properties of continental sedimentary rocks[J].Chinese Journal of Magnetic Resonance，2001，18(2)：113-121.
王为民，叶朝辉，郭和坤.陆相储层岩石核磁共振物理特征的实验研究[J].波谱学杂志，2001，18(2)：113-121.
[23]Wang Zhenhua，Chen Gang，Li Shuhen，et al.Application of NMR core experimental analysis in evaluation of low-porosity and low-permeability sandstone reservoirs[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment，2014，36(6)：773-780.
王振华，陈刚，李书恒，等.核磁共振岩心实验分析在低孔渗储层评价中的应用[J].石油实验地质，2014，36(6)：773-780.
[24]Yu Jian，Yang Xiao，Li Bin，et al.A method of determining movable fluid saturation of tight oil reservoirs：A case study of tight oil reservoirs in seventh member of Yanchang Formation in Heshui area[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment，2014，36(6)：767-773.
喻建，杨孝，李斌，等.致密油储层可动流体饱和度计算方法——以合水地区长7致密油储层为例[J].石油实验地质，2014，36(6)：767-773.
[25]Yang Junjie.Tectonic Evolution and Oil-gas Reservoirs Distribution in Ordos Basin[M].Beijing：Petroleum Industry Press，2002.
杨俊杰．鄂尔多斯盆地构造演化与油气分布规律[M]北京：石油工业出版社，2002．
[26]He Zixin.Evolution and Oil-gas Reservoirs in Ordos Basin[M].Beijing：Geological Publishing House，2003.
何自新．鄂尔多斯盆地演化与油气[M]．北京：地质出版社，2003.
[27]Wu Songtao，Zou Caineng，Zhu Rukai，et al.Characteristics and origin of tight oil accumulations in the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation of the Ordos Basin，north-central China[J].Acta Geologica Sinica：English Edition，2016，90(5)：1821-1837.
[28]Zhu Rukai，Wu Songtao，Su Ling，et al.Problems and future works of porous texture characterization of tight reservoirs in China[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica，2016，37(11)：1-14.
朱如凯，吴松涛，苏玲，等.中国致密储层孔隙结构表征需注意的问题及未来发展方向[J].石油学报，2016，37(11)：1-14.
[29]Xiao Kaihua，Feng Dongjun，Li Xiupeng.Micro-pore and throat characteristics and moveable fluid variation of tight sandstone in 4th member of Xujiahe Formation，Xinchang Gas Field，western Sichuan Basin[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment，2014，36(1)：77-82.
肖开华，冯动军，李秀鹏.川西新场须四段致密砂岩储层微观孔喉与可动流体变化特征[J].石油实验地质，2014，36(1)：77-82.
[30]Peng Shilin，Ye Zhaohui，Liu Maili.Measurement of permeability of porous rock using NMR T2 relaxation distribution[J].Chinese Journal of Magnetic Resonance，2006，23(2)：271-282.
彭石林，叶朝辉，刘买利.多孔介质渗透率的NMR测定[J].波谱学杂志，2006，23(2)：271-282.
[31]Lowden B D，Porter M J，Powrie L S.T2 Relaxation Time Versus Mercury Injection Capillary Pressure：implications for NMR Logging and Reserviore Characterization[C].Hague：SPE European Petroleum Conference，1998：323-325.
[32]Altunbay M，Martain R，Robinson M，et al.Capilary Pressure Date from NMR Logs and Its Implications on Field Economics[C].New Orleans：SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition，1999：3-5.
[33]Li Haibo，Zhu Juyi，Guo Hekun.Methods for calculating pore radius distribution in rock from NMR T2 spectra[J].Chinese Journal of Magnetic Resonance，2008，25(2)：273-280.
李海波，朱巨义，郭和坤.核磁共振T2谱换算孔隙半径分布方法研究[J].波谱学杂志，2008，25(2)：273-280.
甘公网安备 62010202000678号