准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷勘探潜力巨大，二叠系下乌尔禾组是玛湖凹陷下一步油气勘探的重要层位，具有良好的油气勘探前景。为给下一步的勘探提供参考借鉴，通过岩性观察、压汞分析、铸体薄片、扫描电镜、CT扫描及数理统计等实验和方法，探讨下乌尔禾组储层的特征及控制因素。结果表明：下乌尔禾组储层岩石类型多样，火山碎屑物质含量高而成熟度低，属于特低孔特低渗储层；孔隙类型多样，以剩余粒间孔、微裂缝、粒内溶孔为主，孔隙喉道较细，非均质性强。影响储层物性的因素为沉积作用、成岩作用和构造作用。沉积作用对储层控制作用明显，物性较好的储层主要发育在水动力较强的（水上）水下分流河道、泥质含量较少的砂体中。压实作用是主要的破坏性成岩作用，造成70%左右的原生孔隙丧失；而胶结作用是次要因素；溶蚀作用是建设性的成岩作用，溶蚀作用生成的次生孔隙改善了储层物性，次生孔隙发育带主要发育在（水上）水下分流河道等相带中。构造作用产生的微裂缝使储层非均质性增强，也改善了储层物性。
The Permian Lower Uhro Formation is an important strata for petroleum exploration and shows good prospects in Mahu Sag，which is the highest degree in accumulation of petroleum in Juggar Basin.In order to support and offer reference for further exploration and exploitation，based on core observation，thin section，scanning electron microscopy (SEM)，mercury injection experiment，CT scanning，as well as mathematics statistics，the characteristics and controlling factors of Lower Urho Formation have been discussed.The results indicate that the reservoir of Lower Urho Formation has especially low porosity and low permeability with multiple types of rocks，which have a high content of volcanic materials and low maturity.The variety of pores with thin throats are dominated by residual intergranular pores，microcracks，intragranular dissolved pores，and reservoir heterogeneity is strong.Influencing factors on physical properties of reservoirs are sedimentation，diagenesis and tectonism.Sedimentation plays a significant role in reservoir controlling factors，and reservoirs with good physical properties are mainly developed in under-water distributary channel and upper-water distributary channel with strong hydrodynamics and less argillaceous content.Compaction is the main destructive diagenesis and cementation is the second.The compaction caused 70% primary pores to disappeare.Dissolution is the constructive diagenesis.Secondary pores formed by dissolution improve physical property，and the secondary pore zone is mainly developed in under-water distributary channel and upper-water distributary channel.Microfractures produced by tectonic activities enhance the heterogeneity of reservoir and improve effectively physical property of reservoir.
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