塔里木盆地库车坳陷天然裂缝地质力学响应对气井产能的影响

张辉, 尹国庆, 王海应

doi:10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2018.10.020

天然气地球科学 >

2019 , Vol. 30 >Issue 3: 379 - 388

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2018.10.020

天然气开发

塔里木盆地库车坳陷天然裂缝地质力学响应对气井产能的影响

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中国石油塔里木油田分公司，新疆库尔勒 841000

张辉（1980-），男，青海湟中人，高级工程师，博士，主要从事油气田地质力学研究与应用工作.E-mail：zhh-tlm@petrochina.com.cn.

收稿日期: 2018-09-17

修回日期: 2018-10-23

网络出版日期: 2019-04-02

基金资助

中国石油天然气股份有限公司重大科技专项“库车坳陷深层—超深层天然气田开发关键技术研究与应用”（编号：2018E-2103）资助.

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Effects of natural fractures geomechanical response on gas well productivity in Kuqa Depression，Tarim Basin

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Tarim Oilfield Company，PetroChina，Korla 841000，China

Received date: 2018-09-17

Revised date: 2018-10-23

Online published: 2019-04-02

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摘要

为明确影响库车坳陷深层裂缝性致密砂岩气藏气井产能主控地质因素，在对天然裂缝产状描述和储层地质力学模型建立的基础上，分析了气井中天然裂缝与现今水平主应力之间的关系，定量计算得到了每条裂缝面上的正应力和剪应力，并根据Mohr-Coulomb破坏准则，模拟不同注入压力条件下的天然裂缝的力学响应，据此建立了天然裂缝剪切滑移率的概念。发现其随构造位置的变化而变化，在构造轴部、断层发育处天然裂缝剪切滑移率更大，裂缝的潜在力学活动性更好，渗透率好，单井产能高，反之，单井产能低。另外，开发过程中随地层压力下降，天然裂缝地质力学响应的动态变化也与产能变化密切相关。以3口开发井为例，当孔隙压力下降10MPa时，其中2口井中70%的天然裂缝的剪应力与正应力比值降低，产能也随之降低；而相邻的另一口井中裂缝的剪应力与正应力比值依然保持较高，其产能也保持相对稳定，扭转了传统认为的压力下降产能必然下降的认识。结果表明天然裂缝的地质力学响应是气藏渗透率和气井产能的重要主控因素之一，是该区域储层评价中一个新的指数，也是优化井位部署和压裂改造方案的一个重要补充依据。

关键词： 库车坳陷; 天然裂缝; 地质力学响应; 现今应力; 剪切滑移率; 气井产能

本文引用格式

张辉, 尹国庆, 王海应 . 塔里木盆地库车坳陷天然裂缝地质力学响应对气井产能的影响[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2019 , 30(3) : 379 -388 . DOI: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2018.10.020

Abstract

To understand key factors to productivity in fractured tight sandstone，based on the description of the occurrence of natural fractures and geomechanical modeling，the interaction between in-situ stress and natural fractures was determined，and the normal stress and shear stress of each fracture plane were calculated to compare the relative mechanical response of natural fractures across the anticline structure in the field.We then simulated mechanical response of natural fractures under different pore pressure according to Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion，and obtained the correlation between geomechanical response and open-flow rate of gas wells and built the concept of strike-slip rate depending on the theory.At the crest of structure and faulting area，the favorable combination of in-situ stresses and natural fracture strike results in high shear-to-normal stress ratio and higher strike-slip rate and higher production.Reversely，the wells show lower production.And then with the depletion，the dynamic change of mechanical response of natural fractures is also closely related to productivity.Take 3 new wells for example，as pore pressure of reservoir decreases by 10MPa，productivity of 2 Wells decreases since the shear-to-normal stress ratio of 70% natural fractures decreases，their productivity is still lower than adjacent wells even after fracturing.The productivity of the third well maintains high because the shear-to-normal stress ratio of all natural fractures increases which changes the traditional point that the productivity decreases following the pressure dropping.It is revealed that the geomechanical response of natural fractures is a controlling factor of well productivity in this reservoir.It is a new index for reservoir evaluation，and is also an important supplementary information for optimizing well placement and stimulation program in the special condition.

Key words： Kuqa Depression; Natural fractures; Geomechanical response; In-situ stress; Strike-slip rate; Gas well productivity

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