收稿日期: 2017-01-09
修回日期: 2017-03-27
网络出版日期: 2017-05-10
基金资助
国家自然科学基金(编号：41503034;41472095）；油气资源与探测国家重点实验室开放课题(编号：PRP/open-1509）联合资助.
Hydrocarbon phase limit and conversion process in the deep formation of rift lacustrine basin from Qikou Sag of Bohai Bay Basin,eastern China
Received date: 2017-01-09
Revised date: 2017-03-27
Online published: 2017-05-10
为适应东部盆地向深层_超深层勘探的需求，通过歧口凹陷沙河街组典型原油的裂解生气模拟实验，采用原油裂解生烃动力学特征研究深层烃类流体相态变化规律。结果表明：原油裂解气生烃动力学可以方便地研究地质条件下原油裂解程度，进而判断地下油气相态的理论深度极限。在固定频率因子A=1014S-1前提下，渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷沙河街组原油裂解成C1—C5的活化能分布在250~270kJ/mol之间，平均活化能E0=255.47kJ/mol，高于海相原油的245kJ/mol(59kCal/mol)。在同等升温速率条件下，其裂解生气路径与西部海相原油存在明显差异。以歧口凹陷地层沉积埋藏史确定的热史路径进行动力计算结果显示，歧口凹陷深层单一液相原油存在的理论深度极限为5 700m，凝析油气存在的理论深度极限为6 700m。结合歧北次凹和滨海具体地质条件进行油气藏相态演变过程分析，结果表明:在实际地质条件下，干酪根的裂解生气和更深部气源的充注气侵，使得原有油藏提前达到极高的气油比，纯液相原油提前消失。油气运移到浅部过程中受温—压条件的变化，导致了油气的分异和相态转换。温度和时间决定的生烃效应是深层油气相态的内因，在具体分析单个油藏相态时，不仅要考虑油气来源、组成、油气成藏过程，尤其还要注意后期构造活动造成的油气调整改造，这些是后期油气相态分异转化的外因。
刘岩，杨池银，肖敦清，廖前进，周立宏，于学敏，国建英，蒲秀刚，姜文亚，邹磊落，聂国振，刘庆新，滑双君 . 裂陷湖盆深层烃类赋存相态极限的动力学过程分析——以渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷为例[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2017 , 28(5) : 703 -712 . DOI: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2017.04.001
It is an important research direction for the prediction of hydrocarbon phase in the reservoir during the deep exploration of rift basins in eastern China.The typical lacustrine crude oil of Shahejie Formation in Qikou Sag was used for oil cracking to gas simulation experiment by the gold tube in this paper.Then,the kinetic parameters obtained from the experimental data were studied during the cracking reactions and the hydrocarbon phase conversion process under geological conditions.The results showed that the activation energy of the oil cracking to gas from the BH-28 lacustrine crude oil ranged from 250kJ/mol to 270kJ/mol with an average of Eo=255.47kJ/mol,and the frequency factor was about A=1014S-1.It is higher than that of typical marine oil Eo=246.97kJ/mol (59kCal/mol).Using these kinetic parameters,the simulated cracking process of the lacustrine oil of Shahejie formation was far different from that of marine oil from western China under the same geological heating rate (3℃/Ma).And the simulated oil cracking degree in Well Niudong-1 is 73.9%,almost the same with the conversion cracking degree (60%-75%) by concentrations of 3,4-dimethyldiamantane.The kinetics of oil cracking gas could be used to investigate the oil cracking degree easily,then to get the theoretical separate oil phase depth limit.By using this model,oil in Qikou Sag,as a theoretical separate phase destruction,occurs above 5 700m depth limit (RO is about 2.0%,reservoir temperature=209℃,with cracking transition C of 62.5%),and condensate gas destruction occurs above 6 700m depth limit (RO is about 3.2%,reservoir temperature=240℃,with C to 99%) under the geological conditions from Qikou Sag.Actually,the hydrocarbon phase is affected by many factors.For example,migration and changes of temperature and pressure conditions have great influence on phase conversion behavior.The injection of gas,originated from kerogen cracking gas and oil cracking gas in deeper,could increase GOR and the real separate phase depth would reduce.
Key words： Deep strata; Hydrocarbon phase; Oil cracking gas; Rift basin; Kinetics
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