准噶尔盆地滴西地区火山岩储层演化过程

孙国强，陈文磊，刘伟明，胡秀全，张大权，殷建国

doi:10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2015.S2.0012

天然气地球科学 >

2015 , Vol. 26 >Issue S2: 12 - 22

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2015.S2.0012

天然气地质学

准噶尔盆地滴西地区火山岩储层演化过程

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(1.甘肃省油气资源研究重点实验室/中国科学院油气资源研究重点实验室，甘肃兰州 730000；
2.中国科学院大学，北京 100049；3.中国石油新疆油田分公司风城油田作业区，新疆克拉玛依 834000；
4.甘肃省地矿局第三地质矿产勘查队，甘肃兰州 730050)

孙国强(1977-)，男，河南洛阳人，副研究员，博士，主要从事含油气盆地石油地质学及沉积构造研究. E-mail:sguoqiang@lzb.ac.cn.

收稿日期: 2015-05-05

修回日期: 2015-07-01

网络出版日期: 2015-11-20

基金资助

国家科技重大专项(编号:2011ZX05008-003-40;2011ZX05008-002-52)；甘肃省重点实验室专项(编号：1309RTSA041)联合资助.

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Evolution of Volcanic Reservoir in Dixi Area of Junggar Basin

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(1.Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources，Gansu Province/ Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources
Research,Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;
2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;
3.Fengcheng Operation District,Xinjiang Oilfield Company,PetroChina,Karamay 834000,China;
4.Third Institute Geological and Mineral Exploration Team,Gansu Provincial Bureau of Geology and
Mineral Exploration and Development,Lanzhou,730050)

Received date: 2015-05-05

Revised date: 2015-07-01

Online published: 2015-11-20

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摘要

通过野外剖面观察、钻井岩心描述、薄片鉴定和扫描电镜分析，确定准噶尔盆地滴西地区石炭系火山岩储层的岩石类型主要以酸性的流纹岩和英安岩、中—基性的玄武岩和安山岩及火山角砾岩为主。①酸性的流纹岩和英安岩储层多发育于构造中低部位，遭受溶蚀作用强烈，在风化淋滤和构造埋藏阶段发育形成次生孔隙，但由于成岩早期原生气孔不发育，平均孔隙度仅有8.0%，最大孔隙度为13.5%，油气聚集性能较差；②中—基性的玄武岩和安山岩储层主要分布于火山口附近，与火山爆发的规模密切相关，原生孔隙形成于成岩阶段早期，次生孔隙发育于风化淋滤和溶蚀改造阶段，次生裂隙发育于构造埋藏阶段，平均孔隙度为9.2%，最大孔隙度为21.9%，是滴西地区较为优质的储层类型；③火山角砾岩储层具有与沉积岩相同的成岩特征，同时又具有火山岩的矿物组成，埋藏过程中刚性组分可以保持原生孔隙不受压实作用影响，同时因为其脆性特征又使其具有受力易断裂特征，内部裂隙发育。火山角砾岩发育于构造高部位，受淋滤作用时间较长，且特有的原始孔—缝组合也更易于受淡水或地下水淋滤，形成次生溶蚀孔隙。因此，风化淋滤阶段对火山角砾岩储层的物性改善明显，是滴西地区最优质的储层类型。

关键词： 风化淋滤; 构造埋藏; 溶蚀改造; 滴西地区; 准噶尔盆地

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孙国强，陈文磊，刘伟明，胡秀全，张大权，殷建国 . 准噶尔盆地滴西地区火山岩储层演化过程[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2015 , 26(S2) : 12 -22 . DOI: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2015.S2.0012

Abstract

Based on the profile observation,drilling core description,thin section identification and scanning electron microscope analysis,we found that rock types of Carboniferous volcanic reservoirs in Dixi area are mainly mid-basic basalt,andesite,acid rhyolite,dacite and volcanic breccias.Five stages of evolution that the volcanic rock reservoirs typically experienced are weather-worn leaching process,burial and tectonic stage,corrosion and reconstruction stage,oil and gas accumulation stage.Three types of volcanic rock reservoirs occur in Dixi area.Type 1 reservoirs are mid-basic volcanic rock reservoir,which distributed around cauldron,and were related to the scale of volcanic eruption.Primary pore,secondary pore and secondary fracture successively formed during early diagenetic stage,weathering and leaching stage,corrosion and reconstruction stage,tectonic burial stage (avg pore at 9.2%,max.pore at 21.9%).Type 2 reservoirs are acidic volcanic rock reservoirs,well-developed in the middle or low position of the structure,and suffered heavily from denudation.Secondary pores were formed during weathering and leaching stage,tectonic burial stage.Since primary pores were not formed during eogenetic stage,average porosity is just 8.0% and max porosity is just 13.5%,accordingly,with lower capability to gather hydrocarbon.Type 3 reservoirs are volcanic breccias reservoirs.They have the same diagenetic features as sedimentary rock but have volcanic mineral compositions.During burial process,compaction has no effect on pore because of the existence of rigid component,but it is easy to break because of its brittleness.Volcanic breccias were formed in high position of structure and experienced a long leaching process.Besides,volcanic breccias′ special combination of the pore-fracture was easier to be leached by meteoric water or groundwater.Reservoir quality was improved obviously due to weathering and leaching.Thus,Type 3 reservoirs became the premium reservoirs in Dixi.

Key words： Weathering leaching; Tectonic burial; Corrosion; Dixi area; Junggar Basin

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