收稿日期: 2015-06-10
修回日期: 2015-08-04
网络出版日期: 2016-02-10
基金资助
国家自然科学基金“未熟—低熟油中金刚烷类化合物成因及其潜在意义研究”项目(编号:41272169)资助.
Origin of the condensates from Kaitemilike Oilfield in the western Qaidam Basin:Diamondoid hydrocarbons
Received date: 2015-06-10
Revised date: 2015-08-04
Online published: 2016-02-10
以往的研究结果表明开特米里克油田的凝析油属于典型的未成熟油，依据是它们具有异常低的C29甾烷异构体比值[C2920S/(20S+20R)<0.25]。但是，生物标志化合物的定量分析结果则显示这类凝析油中甾烷、藿烷系列的浓度明显偏低，且与研究区的高成熟原油相当，而远低于其他低成熟原油中的甾烷、藿烷系列浓度，显然这与其未成熟特性不符。金刚烷类化合物具有高的热稳定性，它们在成熟后期和高成熟地质样品中才开始出现。但值得注意的是这些凝析油较其他原油明显富含烷基金刚烷类化合物，其浓度是所研究原油中最高的，显示高成熟特征。依据甲基单金刚烷指数MAI(>70)值和甲基双金刚烷指数MDI(>40)值与镜质体反射率RO值之间的对应关系，判断其生成时的RO值应大于1.3%，表明它们应该形成于高成熟的凝析油气阶段。此外，在C29规则甾烷与3+4甲基双金刚烷浓度关系图版上，这类凝析油均分布在原油强烈热裂解区域，可见这是一类遭受了热裂解作用改造的高成熟原油。由此可见，该类凝析油的未成熟性是由生物标志化合物相对组成引起的一种假象，运移过程中上覆围岩中富含甾烷、萜烷的可溶沥青的浸染是导致这一假象的原因，这已得到了研究区新近系烃源岩地球化学特征的证实。因此，热稳定性高的金刚烷类化合物在确定原油成因时可提供更加可靠的信息，它可以弥补其他分子成熟度参数的不足。
包建平，汪立群，朱翠山，陈琰，蒋兴超，袁莉，周飞 . 柴达木盆地开特米里克油田凝析油成因研究——基于金刚烷烃类化合物[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2016 , 27(2) : 330 -340 . DOI: 10.11764/j.issn.16721926.2016.02.0330
Previous researches showed that the condensates from the Kaitemilike Oilfield in the western Qaidam Basin were immature oils based on the ratios of C29 sterane isomers (20S/(20S+20R) and ββ/(αα+ββ)<0.25).However,the new analytical results show that the concentrations of steranes and hopanes in these oils are about 0.5μg/mg and 3.5μg/mg,respectively,much less than 5.0μg/mg and 15μg/mg in lowermature oils,but very similar to that in highmature oil from the well Nan 10 in Nanyushan Oilfield.This feature is completely not consistent with their immaturity.Diamondoid hydrocarbons are a kind of thermally stable compounds and mainly identified in mature and highmature geological samples.The results show that the condensates from Kaitemilike Oilfield are rich in diamondoid hydrocarbons including alky l admantanes and diamantanes,and their concentrations are highest in all studied oil samples from different oilfields,indicating of the high maturity.Based on the relationship between methy l adamantane index MAI (>70),methyl diamantane index MDI (>40) and vitrinite reflectance RO,the vitrinite reflectance RO value could be more than 1.3%,corresponding to condensate generation stage,when those condensates were generated from their source rocks.In addition,the condensate samples from Kaitemilike oilfield are distributed in zone of intensive oil cracking in the plot between the concentrations of C29 regular steranes and 3+4methy l diamantane,indicating that they are a kind of crude oils to have been cracked to some extent.Therefore,the immaturity for those condensates from C29 20S/(20S+20R) ratio is not true,and mainly results from soluable bitumen rich in steranes and triterpanes in immature source rocks during migration.It is consistent with the geochemical characteristics of Neogene source rocks in the study area.In this case,diamondoid hydrocarbons with higher thermal stability have a specific significance in determining the maturity and origin of crude oils compared with steranes and triterpanes.In addition,the new recognition for the maturity of those condensates plays a positive role in further petroleum exploration in this study area.
Key words： Diamondoid hydrocarbons; Biomarkers; Maturity; Condensates; Kaitemilike Oilfield; Qaidam Basin
[1]Liao Qianjin,Huang Difan,Xu Yongchang.Studies on geochemical characters [JP]of immature and lowmature oils from terrestrial formation in China[M]//Annual Research Report of Biogeochemistry and Gas Geochemistry Laboratory1986.Lanzhou:Gansu Publishing House of Science and Technology,1987:3460.［廖前进,黄第藩,徐永昌.我国陆相地层中未成熟、低成熟油的地球化学特征[M].中国科学院兰州地质研究所生物、气体地球化学开放研究实验室研究年报—1986.兰州:甘肃科学技术出版社,1987:3460.］
[2]Huang Difan,Liao Qianjin,Xu Yongchang.Preliminary studies on the genesis of immature petroleum[M]//Annual Research Report of Biogeochemistry and Gas Geochemistry Laboratory1987.Lanzhou:Gansu Publishing House of Science and Technology,1988:119.［黄第藩,廖前进,徐永昌.未成熟石油成因的初步研究[M].中国科学院兰州地质研究所生物、气体地球化学开放研究实验室研究年报—1987.兰州:甘肃科学技术出版社,1988:119.］
[3][KG*4/5]Huang Difan,Zhang Dajiang,Wang Peirong,et al.Genetic Mechanism and Accumulation Condition of Immature Oil in China[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2003:625658.［黄第藩,张大江,王培荣,等.中国未成熟石油成因机制和成藏条件[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003:625658.］
[4][KG*4/5]Mackenzie A S,Li Renwei,Maxwell J R,et al.Molecular measurement of thermal maturation of Cretaceous shales from the Overthrust Belt,Wyoming,USA[M]//Bjory M.Advances in Organic Geochemistry 1981.New York:J.Wiley and Sons,1983:637649.
[5]Beaumont C,Boutilier R,Machenzie A S,et al.Isomerization and aromatization of hydrocarbons and the paleothermometry and burial history of Albert Foreland Basin[J].AAPG Bulletin,1985,69(4):546566.
[6]Marzi R,Rullktter J.Qualitative and quantitative evolution and kinetics of biological marker transformationLaboratory experiments and applications to the Michigan Basin[M]//Moldowan J M,Albrecht P,Philp R P. Biological Markers in Sediments and Petroleum.New Jersey:Prentice Hall,1992:1841.
[7]Serfort W K,Moldowan J M.Use of biological markers in petroleum exploration[M]//Johns R B.Methods in Geochemistry and Geophysics.Amsterdam:Elsevier,1986,24:261290.[JP]
[8]Mackenzie A S,McKenzie D.Isomerization and aromatization of hydrocarbons in sedimentary basins formed by extension[J].Geology Magazine,1983,120:417470.
[9]Huang Difan,Li Jinchao,Zhang Dajiang,et al.Maturation sequence of Tertiary crude oils in the Qaidam Basin and its significance in petroleum resource assessment[J].Journal of Southeast Asian Earth Sciences,1991,5(14):359366.
[10]Wang Tieguan,Zhong Ningning,Hou Dujie,et al.Information and Occurrence of Lower Petroleum[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1995:128151.[王铁冠,钟宁宁,侯读杰,等.低成熟油气形成机理与分布[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1995:128151.]
[11]Shi Yang,Bao Jianping,Zhu Cuishan,et al.Comparative study on geochemistry between crude oils from Qigequan and Xianshuiquan Oilfields in western Qaidam Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2010,21(1):132138.[施洋,包建平,朱翠山,等.柴达木盆地西部七个泉与咸水泉油田原油地球化学特征对比研究[J].天然气地球科学,2010,21(1):132138.]
[12][KG*4/5]Grantham P J.Sterane isomerization and moretane/hopane ratios in crude oils derived from Tertiary source rocks[J].Organic Geochemistry,1986,9(6):293304.
[13]Wingert W S.GCMS analysis of diamondoid hydrocarbon in smackover petroleum[J].Fuel,1992,71(1):3743.
[14]Williams J A,Bjory M,Dolcater D L,et al.Biodegradation in South Texas Eocene oil—Effects on aromatic and biomarkers[J].Organic Geochemistry,1986,10(13):451461.
[15]Chen J H,Fu J M,Sheng G Y,et al.Diamondoid hydrocarbon rations:Novel maturity indices for highly mature crude oil[J].Organic Geochemistry,1996,25(3/4):179190.
[16]Li Jinggui,Cui Mingzhou,Zhang Qian.A discussion about diamantane ratios as maturity indicators of Lower Paleozoic carbonate source rocks at high and over mature stages[J].Petroleum Exploration & Development,1998,25(2):8385.[李景贵,崔明中,张谦.双金刚烷指标作为下古生界高、过成熟阶段碳酸盐岩成熟度衡量标尺的讨论[J].石油勘探与开发,1998,25(2):8385.]
[17][KG*4/5]Guo Xiaowen,He Sheng,Cheng Honghan.Discussion and application of the maturity indicators of methyl double diamantane hydrocarbons[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2007,26(1):7176.[郭小文,何生,陈红汉.甲基双金刚烷成熟度指标讨论与应用[J].地质科技情报,2007,26(1):7176.]
[18]Fang Chenchen,Wu Wei,Liu Dan,et al.Evolution characteristics and application of diamamondoids in coal measures[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2015,26(1):110117.[房忱琛,吴伟,刘丹,等.煤系中金刚烷类化合物演化特征及应用[J].天然气地球科学,2015,26(1):110117.]
[19]Dahl J E,Moldowan J M,Peters K E,et al.Diamondoid hydrocarbons as indicators of natural oil cracking[J].Nature,1999,399(6):5457.
[20]Wei Z B,Moldowan J M,Zhang S C,et al.Diamondoid hydrocarbons as molecular proxy for thermal maturity and oil cracking:Geochemical models from hydrous pyrolysis[J].Organic Geochemistry,2007,38(2):227249.
[21]Zhang Shuichang,Zhao Wenzhi,Wang Feiyu,et al.Paleozoic oil cracking gas accumulation history from eastern part of the Tarim Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2004,15(5):441450.[张水昌,赵文智,王飞宇,等.塔里木盆地东部地区古生界原油裂解气成藏历史分析[J].天然气地球科学,2004,15(5):441450.]
[22]Zhang S C,Huang H P,Xiao Z Y,et al.Geochemistry of Palaeozoic marine petroleum from the Tarim Basin,NW China.Part 2:Maturity assessment[J].Organic Geochemistry,2005,36(8):12151225.
[23]Zhang S C,Su J,Wang X M,et al.Geochemistry of Palaeozoic marine petroleum from the Tarim Basin,NW China.Part 3:Thermal cracking of liquid hydrocarbons and gas washing as the major mechanism for deep gas condensate accumulations[J].Organic Geochemistry,2011,42(11):13941410.
[24][KG*4/5]Fu Ning,Li Youchuan.Diamondoid hydrocarbon ratios as indicators of maturity in natural gas[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinca,2001,19(1):145149.[付宁,李有川.估算天然气成熟度的新指标—金刚烷指标[J].沉积学报,2001,19(1):145149.]
[25][KG*4/5]Li Sumei,Pang Xiongqi,Yang Haijun,et al.Geochemical characteristics and implication of high thermal maturity oils in TazhongⅠfaulted slope break zone[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2001,29(2):210216.[李素梅,庞雄奇,杨海军,等.塔中Ⅰ号坡折带高熟油气地球化学特征及其意义[J].石油与天然气地质,2001,29(2):210216.]
[26]Ma Anlai,Jin Zhijun,Zhu Cuishan,et al.Quantitative analysis on absolute concentration of diamondoids in oils from Tahe Oilfield[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(2):214218.[马安来,金之钧,朱翠山,等.塔河油田原油中金刚烷化合物绝对定量分析[J].石油学报,2009,30(2):214218.]
[27]Bao Jianping,Liang Xingyu,Zhu Cuishan,et al.Diamondoid hydrocarbons and their geochemical significances in condensate from the Zhujiadun gas reservoir in the Yancheng Sag[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2015,26(3):505512.[包建平,梁星宇,朱翠山,等.盐城凹陷朱家墩气藏凝析油中的金刚烷类及其意义[J].天然气地球科学,2015,26(3):505512.]
[28]Ma Anlai,Zhou Jin,Lv Xueyan,et al.Geochemical characteristics and origin of Paleozoic condensates and natural gas in Block B,Saudi Arabia,Rub Al Khali Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2014,25(6):889897.[马安来,周瑾,吕雪雁,等.鲁卜哈利盆地沙特B区块古生界油气地球化学特征及成因[J],天然气地球科学,2014,25(6):889897.]
[29]Hou Dujie,Zhao Zengying,Tang Youjun,et al.The geological and geochemical characteristics of oil cracked gas in Kekeya region,Tarim Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2004,15(2):137141.[侯读杰,赵增迎,唐友军,等.柯克亚地区原油裂解气的地质—地球化学特征[J].天然气地球科学,2004,15(2):137141.]
[30]He Wenxiang,Wang Peirong,Pan Xianhuang,et al.The study of maturity of crude oils in Yingqiong Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2004,15(4):387390.[何文祥,王培荣,潘贤庄,等.莺—琼盆地原油成熟度研究[J].天然气地球科学,2004,15(4):387390.]
[31]He Guoyuan,Tan Yanhu,Guan Ping,et al.Research on Tertiary oil source in the northwest Qaidam Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2008,19(4):509518.［何国源,谭彦虎,关平,等.柴达木盆地西部北区第三系油源研究[J].天然气地球科学,2008,19(4):509518.］
[32]Jiang Xiaoqing,Lv Zonglun,Sun Bainian,et al.Evaluation of hydrocarbon source rocks in Xiaoliangshan Sag,western Qaidam Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2009,20(3):405410.[江小青,吕宗伦,孙柏年,等.柴达木盆地西部小梁山凹陷烃源岩评价[J].天然气地球科学,2009,20(3):405410.]
[33]Liang Digang,Chen Jianping.Oilsource correlations for high and over matured marine source rocks in south China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2005,32(2):814.[梁狄刚,陈建平.中国南方高、过成熟区海相油源对比问题[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(2):814.]
[34]Bao Jianping,Ma Anlai,Li Xianqing.Geochemistry on Immature and Lower Mature Oils in Hypersaline Lacustrine Basin[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2006:94134［包建平,马安来,李贤庆.江汉盐湖盆地未低熟油地球化学研究[M].北京:地质出版社,2006:94134］
[35]Fu Suotang.Key controlling factors of oil and gas accumulation in the western Qaidam Basin and its implication for favorable exploration direction[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2010,28(2):373379.[付锁堂.柴达木盆地西部油气成藏主控因素与有利勘探方向[J].沉积学报,2010,28(2):373379.]
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
甘公网安备 62010202000678号