非常规天然气

页岩气储层有机质成熟度测试方法适用性研究

展开
  • 1.中国矿业大学资源与地球科学学院,江苏 徐州 221116;2.中国矿业大学煤层气资源与成藏过程教育部重点实验室,江苏 徐州 221116
陈尚斌(1983-),男,甘肃通渭人,讲师,博士后,主要从事页岩气地质研究.E-mail:shangbinchen@163.com.

收稿日期: 2014-04-18

  修回日期: 2014-06-21

  网络出版日期: 2015-03-10

基金资助

江苏省基础研究计划青年基金项目(编号:BK20130177)|国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目(编号:2012CB214702)|中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(编号:2013QNB29;2013XK06)|江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目联合资助.

Applicability of the Testing Method for the Maturity of Organic Matter in Shale Gas Reservoirs

Expand
  • 1.School of Resources and Earth Science,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;
    2.Key Laboratory of Coalbed Methane Resources and Reservoir Formation Process of the Ministry of Education,
    China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China

Received date: 2014-04-18

  Revised date: 2014-06-21

  Online published: 2015-03-10

摘要

中国页岩气储层类型多、有机质成熟度相差大,选择适宜的有机质成熟度测试方法,对页岩气储层评价具有重要意义。通过调查中国页岩气储层类型、有机质类型与成熟度特征,分析成熟度测试指标适用性,研究不同储层与测试方法的优化匹配性。结果表明:中国发育海相、海陆过渡相—陆相煤系及湖相(陆相)页岩气储层,Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型等有机质类型,具有低成熟、中等成熟度、高成熟度及过成熟等特征。成熟度评价应选择能够指示页岩气储层内部结构与本质信息的指标进行测定。南方地区缺乏镜质组且成熟度较高的陡山沱组、筇竹寺组、龙马溪组等海相页岩气储层,首选激光拉曼光谱参数测试成熟度,并采用沥青质体反射率的测试与换算进行辅助测试;龙潭组、须家河组海陆过渡相—陆相煤系储层及自流井组湖相储层首选镜质组反射率方法。北部地区下古生界海相储层首选沥青质反射率;上古生界海陆过渡相储层首选镜质组反射率指标;高成熟度煤系储层还可结合激光拉曼光谱辅助测试;中生界—新生界湖相储层首选镜质组反射率指标。西部地区海陆过渡相及湖相储层首选镜质组反射率方法;下古生界海相储层首选镜状体反射率测试,中生界海相储层首选镜质组反射率测试。
 

本文引用格式

陈尚斌,左兆喜,朱炎铭,付常青,张寒 . 页岩气储层有机质成熟度测试方法适用性研究[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2015 , 26(3) : 564 -574 . DOI: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2015.03.0564

Abstract

The various types of shale gas reservoirs in China leads to the wide range of the maturity of organic matters(OM),which calls for the appropriate testing methods to determine the OM maturity.By investigating the characteristics of reservoirs,OM types and their maturity,the applicability of different maturity testing methods are discussed and different testing methods for corresponding reservoirs are put forward.The results show that the marine,marine-terrestrial transitional and lacustrine shale gas reservoirs are well developed in China,with multifarious OM types and wide range of OM maturity.The indexes that reveal the natural inner structure should be taken into consideration when OM maturity is evaluated.In southern China,the Laser Raman spectroscopy parametric test(IR) is the prior method to test maturity of over-mature early Paleozoic shale gas reservoirs which is lack of vitrinite,and the bituminite reflectance test(BRO) is the assistant method.Marine-terrestrial transitional reservoirs such as the Longtan Formation,Xujiahe Formation,and lacustrine Ziliujing Formation in southern China are suitable for vitrinite reflectance test(VRO).In northern China,the preferred method for early Paleozoic reservoirs is bituminite reflectance test,while the test applied in the Neopaleozoic marine-terrestrial transitional,Mesozoic and Cenozoic reservoirs is vitrinite reflectance test,and the test in reservoirs associated with highly-over mature coal series could be assistant with IR.In northwest China,the prior method for early Paleozoic reservoirs is vitrinite-like reflectance test,and in the marine-terrestrial transitional and Mesozoic reservoirs is vitrinite reflectance test.

参考文献

[1]Shen Zhongmin,Wei Jinhua,Zhu Hongquan,et al.Comparative research on maturity feature and maturity indicator of coal source rock from west Sichuan Basin Depression[J].Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology,2009,29(4):83-88.[沈忠民,魏金花,朱宏权,等.川西坳陷煤系烃源岩成熟度特征及成熟度指标对比研究[J].矿物岩石,2009,29(4):83-88.]
[2]Cheng Dingsheng.Review of source rock maturity evaluation by organic petrology method[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,1998,19(5):428-432.[程顶胜.烃源岩有机质成熟度评价方法综述[J].新疆石油地质,1998,19(5):428-432.]
[3]Wang Yang.An overview on the maturation indicators of organic matter[J].Sciencepaper Online,2009,2(9):900-911.[汪洋.关于有机质成熟度指标的评述[J].中国科技论文在线精品论文,2009,2(9):900-911.]
[4]Juan Roberto Lozano Maya.The United States experience as a reference of success for shale gas development:The case of Mexico[J].Energy Policy,2013,62(11):70-78.
[5]Xiao Xianming,Song Zhiguang,Zhu Yanming,et al.Summary of shale gas research in North American and revelations to shale gas exploration of Lower Paleozoic strata in China south area[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2013,38(5):721-727.[肖贤明,宋之光,朱炎铭,等.北美页岩气研究及对我国下古生界页岩气开发的启示[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(5):721-727.]
[6]Dong  Dazhong,Zou Caineng,Yang Hua,et al.Progress and prospects of shale gas exploration and development in China[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,201,33(z1):107-114.[董大忠,邹才能,杨桦,等.中国页岩气勘探开发进展与发展前景[J].石油学报,201,33(增刊1):107-114.]
[7]Nie Haikuan,He Faqi,Bao Shujing.Peculiar geological characteristics of shale gas in China and its exploration countermeasures[J].Natural Gas Industry,2011,31(11):111-116.[聂海宽,何发岐,包书景.中国页岩气地质特殊性及其勘探对策[J].天然气工业,2011,31(11):111-116.]
[8]Pan Renfang,Li Jian,Li Kunyun.Maturity simulation analysis of Jiannan Shale in East Sichuan[J].Journal of Yangtze University:Natural  Science Edition,2011,8(11):1-3.[潘仁芳,黎建,李坤运.川东建南地区页岩成熟度模拟分析[J].长江大学学报:自然科学版,2011,8(11):1-3.]
[9]Li Yanjun,Liu Huan,Zhang Liehui,et al.Lower limits of evaluation parameters for the Lower Paleozoic Longmaxi shale gas in southern Sichuan Province[J].Science China:Earth Sciences,2013,56(5):710-717.[李延钧,刘欢,张烈辉,等.四川盆地南部下古生界龙马溪组页岩气评价指标下限[J].中国科学:地球科学,2013,43(7):1088-1095.]
[10]Cheng Peng,Xiao Xianming.Gas content of organic-rich shales with very high maturities[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2013,38(5):737-741.[程鹏,肖贤明.很高成熟度富有机质页岩的含气性问题[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(5):737-741.]
[11]Wang Xiaofeng,Andreas Hoffknecht,Xiao Jianxin,et al.Graptolite,chitinozoan and scolecodont reflectances and their use as an indicator of thermal maturity[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,199,66(3):269-279.[汪啸风,Andreas Hoffknecht,萧建新,等.笔石、几丁虫和虫牙反射率在热成熟度上的应用[J].地质学报,199,66(3):269-279.]
[12]Sun Lzchong,Li Xianzong,Cai Longyi.A study of the pyrolysis parameter Tmax and vitrinite reflectance from mixed coal samples[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2007,29(3):298-300.[孙立中,李显宗,蔡龙珆.混合煤样最大热解峰温与镜质体反射率的研究[J].石油实验地质,2007,29(3):298-300.]
[13]Zou Caineng,Dong Dazhong,Yang Hua,et al.Conditions of shale gas accumulation and exploration practices in China[J].Natural Gas Industry,2011,31(12):26-39.[邹才能,董大忠,杨桦,等.中国页岩气形成条件及勘探实践[J].天然气工业,2011,31(12):26-39.]
[14]Chen Shangbin,Zhu Yanming,Wang Meng,et al.Prospect conceiving of joint research and development of shale gas and coalbed methane in China[J].Energy and Power Engineering,2011,3(3):348-354.[陈尚斌,朱炎铭,王猛,等.中国页岩气和煤层气联合研究及发展前景构想[J].能源与动力工程,2011,3(3):348-354.]
[15]Chen Shangbin,Zhu Yanming,Li Wu,et al.Geological optimization of shale gas and coalbed methane combined research & develop in Yangtze,China[J].Journal of Liaoning Technical University:Natural Science,2011,30(5):672-676.[陈尚斌,朱炎铭,李伍,等.扬子区页岩气和煤层气联合开发的地质优选[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报:自然科学版,2011,30(5):672-676.]
[16]Yu Cong,Gong Deyu,Huang Shipeng,et al.Geochemical characteristics of carbon and hydrogen isotopes for the Xujiahe Formation natural gas in Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2014,25(1):87-97.[于聪,龚德瑜,黄士鹏,等.四川盆地须家河组天然气碳、氢同位素特征及其指示意义[J].天然气地球科学,2014,25(1):87-97.]
[17]Zhang Jinchuan,Jiang Shengling,Tang Xuan,et al.Accumulation types and resources characteristics of shale gas in China[J].Natural Gas Industry,2009,29(12):109-114.[张金川,姜生玲,唐玄,等.我国页岩气富集类型及资源特点[J].天然气工业,2009,29(12):109-114.]
[18]Zeng Weite,Zhang Jinchuan,Ding Wenlong,et al.The gas content of continental Yanchang shale and its main controlling factors:A case study of Liuping-171 well in Ordos Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2014,25(2):291-301.[曾维特,张金川,丁文龙,等.延长组陆相页岩含气量及其主控因素——以鄂尔多斯盆地柳坪171井为例[J].天然气地球科学,2014,25(2):291-301.]
[19]Luo Peng,Ji Liming.Reservoir characteristics and potential evaluation of continental shale gas[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2013,24(5):1060-1068.[罗鹏,吉利明.陆相页岩气储层特征与潜力评价[J].天然气地球科学,2013,24(5):1060-1068.]
[20]Chen Yicai,Shen Zhongmin,Luo Xiaoping.Petroleum & Gas Organic Geochemistry[M].Beijing:Science Press,2007.[陈义才,沈忠民,罗小平.石油与天然气有机地球化学[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.]
[21]Zhong Duan.Index characteristics of chromatic change of sporopollens,conodonts and some organic grains in Chuxiong Basin and their petroleum geologic significance in determining the ripeness of the organic materials[J].Yunnan Geology,1986,5(2):137-145.[钟端.楚雄盆地孢粉、牙形石和一些有机颗粒色变指数特征对确定有机质成熟度的石油地质意义[J].云南地质,1986,5(2):137-145.]
[22]Guo Rutai,Wang Jianbao,Gao Xilong,et al.Evaluation of laser probe technology maturity of source rocks:A case study of source rocks in Dongying Depression[J].Progress in Natural Science,2003,13(6):626-630.[郭汝泰,王建宝,高喜龙,等.应用激光探针技术评价烃源岩成熟度——以东营凹陷生油岩研究为例[J].自然科学进展,2003,13(6):626-630.]
[23]Wang Feiyu,He Ping,Cheng Dingsheng,et al.Reflectance of vitrinite like macerals can be used as a maturity scale of the Lower Paleozoic high overmature source rock[J].Natural Gas Industry,1996,16(4):14-18.[王飞宇,何萍,程顶胜,等.镜状体反射率可作为下古生界高过成熟烃源岩成熟度标尺[J].天然气工业,1996,16(4):14-18.]
[24]Xiao Xianming,Liu Dehan,Fu Jiamo.The significance of bitumen reflectance as a mature parameter of source rocks[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1991,9(supplement):138-146.[肖贤明,刘德汉,傅家漠.沥青反射率作为烃源岩成熟度指标的意义[J].沉积学报,1991,9(增刊):138-146.]
[25]Xiao Xianming,Fu Jiamo,Liu Dehan,et al.Application of bitumen reflectance in oil and gas exploration[J].Progress in Natural Science,199,2(2):142-148.[肖贤明,傅家漠,刘德汉,等.沥青质反射率在油气评价中的应用初探[J].自然科学进展,199,2(2):142-148.]
[26]Liu Zufa,Xiao Xianming,Fu Jiamo,et al.Marine vitrinite reflectance as a maturity indicator of Lower Palaeozoic hydrocarbon source rocks[J].Geochimica,1999,28(6):580-588.[刘祖发,肖贤明,傅家漠,等.海相镜质体反射率用作早古生代烃源岩成熟度指标研究[J].地球化学,1999,28(6):580-588.]
[27]Cao Changqun,Shang Qinghua,Fang Yiting.The study of graptolite reflectance as the indicator of source-rock maturation in ordovician and silurian of Tarim Basin,Ordos,Jiangsu areas[J].Acta Palaeontologica Sinica,2000,39(1):151-156.[曹长群,尚庆华,方一亭.探讨笔石反射率对奥陶系、志留系烃源岩成熟度的指示作用[J].古生物学报,2000,39(1):151-156.]
[28]Xie Fei.Conodonts discoloration index paleogeothermal research applications[J].Energy and Environment,2009,28(30):110.[谢飞.牙形石色变指数(CAI)在古地温研究中的应用[J].能源与环境,2009,28(30):110.]
[29]Zhang Mingfeng,Zou Hongliang,Feng Beizhan,et al.The isomeric composition of the phenyl-polyaromatic hydrocarbons and its implications for thermal evolution of organic matter:A case study of source rocks in western Qaidam Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2013,24(5):975-981.[张明峰,邹红亮,冯备战,等.苯基取代多苯环化合物的成熟度指示意义——以柴达木盆地西部古近系—新近系烃源岩为例[J].天然气地球科学,2013,24(5):975-981.]
[30]Li Xianqing,Xiao Xianming,Tang Yongchun,et al.A discussion on the evaluation method of gas maturity using carbon isotope kinetics[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2005,17(5):297-302.[李贤庆,肖贤明,唐永春,等.评价天然气成熟度的碳同位素动力学方法探讨[J].中国海上油气,2005,17(5):297-302.]
[31]Xiao Jianxin,Li Zhihong.Application of infrared spectroscopical technique to determining organic maturity in Lower Palaeozoic in eastern Yangzi Gorges[J].Journal of Jianghan Petroleum Institute,1997,19(3):20-23.[肖建新,李志宏.红外光谱技术在有机质成熟度研究中的应用——以峡东地区下古生界为例[J].江汉石油学院学报,1997,19(3):20-23.]
[32]Liu Dehan,XiaoXianming,Tian Hui,et al.Sample maturation calculated using Raman spectroscopic parameters for solid organics:Methodology and geological applications[J].Chin Sci Bull,2013,58(13):1228-1241.[刘德汉,肖贤明,田辉,等.固体有机质拉曼光谱参数计算样品热演化程度的方法与地质应用[J].科学通报,2013,58(13):1228-1241.]
[33]Feng Guoxiu,Chen Shengji.Relationship between the reflectance of bitumen and vitrinite in rock[J].Natural Gas Industry,1988,8(3):20-25.[丰国秀,陈盛吉.岩石中沥青反射率与镜质体反射率之间的关系[J].天然气工业,1988,8(3):20-25.]
[34]Liu Dehan,Shi Jiyang.Conventional evaluation method of high evolved carbonate source rock[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1994,21(3):113-115.[刘德汉,史继扬.高演化碳酸盐烃源岩非常规评价方法探讨[J].石油勘探与开发,1994,21(3):113-115.]
[35]Qi Yuping,Zhu Youhua,Yin Ling,et al.The correlation between conodont color alteration index(CAI) and vitrinite reflectance[J].Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica,1998,15(2):220-224.[祁玉平,祝幼华,尹玲,等.牙形刺色变指标与镜质体反射率关系探讨[J].微体古生物学报,1998,15(2):220-224.]
[36]Thompson C L,R A Woods.Micro spectro fluorescence measurement of coals and petroleum source rocks[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,1987,7(1):85-104.
[37]Radke M,Welte D H,Willsch H.Geochemical study on a well in the Western Canada Basin: Relation of the aromatic distribution pattern to maturity of organic matter[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,198,46(1):1-10.
[38]Wang Wanchun,Xu Yongchang,Schidlowski,et al.The geochemical characteristics of carbon and hydrogen isotopes of kerogens of various maturity and depositional environments[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1997,15(supplement):133-137.[王万春,徐永昌,Schidlowski,等.不同沉积环境及成熟度干酪根的碳氢同位素地球化学特征[J].沉积学报,1997,15(增刊):133-137.]
[39]Huang Difan,Liu Baoquan,Wang Tingdong,et al.Genetic types of natural gas in the eastern Tarim Basin and its maturity identification[J].Science in China:Series D,1996,26(4):365-372.[黄第藩,刘宝泉,王庭栋,等.塔里木盆地东部天然气的成因类型及其成熟度判识[J].中国科学:D辑,1996,26(4):365-372.]
[40]Qiu Nansheng,Wang Jiyang,Zhou Licheng,et al.The use of electron paramagnetic resonance on organic thermal evolution of source rocks of sedimentary basin[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,1995,40(11):1013-1015.[邱楠生,汪集旸,周礼成,等.利用电子顺磁共振方法研究沉积盆地源岩有机质热演化[J].科学通报,1995,40(11):1013-1015.]
[41]Wang Zhaoyun,Fan Pu,Cheng Keming.The evolution of carbonate rock of thermal index[J].Science in China:Series B,1995,25(5):556-560.[王兆云,范璞,程克明.碳酸盐岩热演化指标研究[J].中国科学:B辑,1995,25(5):556-560.]
[42]Wang Yang,Hu Kai.Using Laser Raman spectrum parameters as indicators of maturation for organic carbon[J].J Mineral Petrol,200,22(3):57-60.[汪洋,胡凯.应用激光喇曼光谱特征参数反映有机碳质的成熟度[J].矿物岩石,200,22(3):57-60.]
[43]Ganz H H,Kalkreuth W.The use of infrared spectroscopy to determine the type of kerogen,thermal maturity,hydrocarbon generating potential and petrological characteristics[J].Journal of Geoscience Translations,1993,10(1):64-70.[Ganz H H,Kalkreuth W.利用红外光谱确定干酪根类型、热成熟度、生烃潜力及其岩石学特性[J].地质科学译丛,1993,10(1):64-70.]

文章导航

/