准噶尔盆地哈拉阿拉特山地区原油成因类型及风城组烃源岩的发现意义

王圣柱,张奎华，金强

doi:10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2014.04.595

天然气地球科学 >

2014 , Vol. 25 >Issue 4: 595 - 602

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2014.04.595

天然气地球化学

准噶尔盆地哈拉阿拉特山地区原油成因类型及风城组烃源岩的发现意义

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1.中国石油大学地球科学与技术学院，山东青岛 266555；
2.中国石化胜利油田西部新区研究中心，山东东营 257000

王圣柱(1979-)，男，山东济宁人，高级工程师，博士研究生，主要从事油气地球化学、油气成藏研究. E-mail:pillar1979@163.com.

收稿日期: 2013-05-02

修回日期: 2013-06-20

网络出版日期: 2014-04-10

基金资助

国家“十二五”重点科技攻关项目“准噶尔盆地碎屑岩层系大中型油气田形成规律与勘探方向”(编号:2011ZX05002-002)资助.

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The Genetic Types of Crude Oils and the Petroleum Geological Significance of the Fengcheng Formation Source Rock in Hashan Area,Junggar Basin

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1.College of Geosciences in China University of Petroleum,Qingdao 266555,China;
2.Western New Prospect Research Center,Shengli Oilfield Company,SINOPEC,Dongying 257000,China

Received date: 2013-05-02

Revised date: 2013-06-20

Online published: 2014-04-10

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摘要

通过对哈拉阿拉特山地区不同地质单元不同层系原油(油砂)色谱、色质等地球化学分析，系统解剖了原油的地球化学特征。根据原油的母质类型、沉积环境、成熟度和C_20、C_21、C₂₃三环二萜烷分布特征，划分为3种成因类型:Ⅰ类原油分布在浅层超剥带和逆冲推覆带浅部，为风城组烃源岩生成的低熟—成熟油，强烈生物降解，正构烷烃分布不完整，三环二萜烷呈上升型，高伽马蜡烷，富含β-胡萝卜烷；Ⅱ类原油分布在逆冲推覆带中深部，为风城组烃源岩早期生成的低成熟油，未(或轻微)遭受生物降解，具有明显的植烷优势；Ⅲ类原油集中分布在哈浅20井区超剥带西山窑组，主要为乌尔禾组烃源岩生成的高成熟油，混有少量风城组烃源岩生成的原油，具有姥鲛烷优势，低伽马蜡烷，低β-胡萝卜烷，三环二萜烷呈山峰型。通过山前带地质建模和构造变形分析，提出哈山石炭系逆冲推覆体下发育厚层的风城组烃源岩，其向北可延伸至达尔布特断裂附近，使研究区烃源岩分布扩大了近1 000km²，该认识无疑扩大了研究区的找油范围，对拓展准北缘地区的油气勘探领域具有重要意义。

关键词： 原油成因类型; 油源对比; 构造建模; 风城组烃源岩; 哈山地区

本文引用格式

王圣柱,张奎华，金强 . 准噶尔盆地哈拉阿拉特山地区原油成因类型及风城组烃源岩的发现意义[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2014 , 25(4) : 595 -602 . DOI: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2014.04.595

Abstract

Based on GC and GC-MS analyses of crude oil (oil sand) samples in different geological unit sandlayers of Hashan area in the northern of Junggar Basin,the geochemical characteristics of crude oil and source rocks were systematically studied.According to organic matter types,sedimentary environment,maturity,and C20,C21,C23 tricyclic diterpane distribution,the crude oils were divided into three genetic types.The Group I mainly distributed in the marginal overlap zones and the shallow of thrust-napped belt,and they were mainly originated from the Fengcheng Formation and experienced severe biodegradation,and they display characteristics of incomplete distribution of nalkanes, “ascending” type tricyclic diterpanes distribution and high contents of gammacerane and β-carotane.The Group Ⅱ mainly distributed in the middle and deep of the thrust-napped belt and was generated early in the low-mature stage of Fengcheng Formation source rocks,and the saturated hydrocarbon chromatograms of the oil is distributed fully indicating slight or non-biodegradation with obviously higher content of phytane than pristine and “ascending” type tricyclic diterpanes distribution.The Group Ⅲ mainly distributed in the Xishanyao Formation in the marginal overlap zones in wellblock of Haqian 20 and was mainly from the high-mature Wuerhe Formation source rocksassisted by the Fengcheng Formation source rocks.The crude oil with pristine prevalence,low contents of gammacerane and β-carrotenes and “descending” type distribution of C₂₀, C₂₁, C₂₃ tricyclic diterpanes.Based on the geological modeling foothill belt and analysis of structural evolution of Hashan,it is believed that the Fengcheng Formation source rocks could extend northward to the Daerbute fault,and the distribution area up to 1 000km² is larger than original,which will give practical guide to expanding the oil and gas exploration domains in the northern Junggar Basin.
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Key words： Genetic types of crude oil; Oil-source correlation; Structural modeling; The Fengcheng Formation source rocks; Hashan area

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