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裂解气成因特征及成藏模式探讨

李君，吴晓东，王东良，姜燕华，高阳，杨慎，莫午零

doi:10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2013.03.520

天然气地球科学 >

2013 , Vol. 24 >Issue 3: 520 - 528

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2013.03.520

天然气地质学

#br# 裂解气成因特征及成藏模式探讨

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1.中国石油大学(北京)石油工程学院，北京 102249； 2.中国石油勘探开发研究院廊坊分院，河北廊坊065007； 3.渤海钻探第二录井分公司，河北廊坊 065007

李君(1974-)，男，吉林农安人，高级工程师，博士，主要从事石油地质研究.E-mail:jlbjlijun@163.com.

收稿日期: 2013-01-09

修回日期: 2013-03-26

网络出版日期: 2013-06-10

基金资助

国家科技重大专项“中国大型气田形成条件、富集规律及目标评价(二期)”(编号:2011ZX05007)资助.

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The Genetic Feature and Reservoir Forming Mode of Cracked Gas in China

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1.College of Petroleum Engineering,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing 102249,China;
2.Langfang Branch,Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development,CNPC,Langfang 065007,China；
3.Second Logging Branch of Bohai Drilling company,CNPC,Langfang 065007,China

Received date: 2013-01-09

Revised date: 2013-03-26

Online published: 2013-06-10

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摘要

中国现阶段干酪根高演化阶段裂解气和原油裂解气探明储量占总储量26%以上，有必要系统研究该类天然气的形成、分布特征及下一步勘探方向。在大量源岩高演化生烃模拟和原油裂解模拟实验基础上，结合国内外裂解气研究成果，进一步分析了原油、海相—湖相泥岩及湖相煤系源岩裂解气的成因特征，并提出了5种成藏模式。原油裂解一般认为地温大于150℃以上时发生，实验证实一些地区在高于190℃才开始形成裂解气；烃源岩裂解气主要是干酪根芳甲基和终端甲基断裂，海相泥岩在RO值接近3%时裂解生气潜力接近枯竭，湖相煤系源岩在RO值为2.5%～5%时仍有较大的生成甲烷潜力，该阶段生气量占总生气量20%以上，而湖相泥岩裂解潜力介于二者之间，相对而言煤系源岩裂解气最具有潜力。裂解气主要具有古隆起原油裂解气、古风化—岩溶斜坡源岩裂解气、致密砂岩煤系源岩裂解气、特殊储集体裂解气、煤层—页岩源内裂解气5种成藏模式，古老海盆古隆起和斜坡、海陆过渡相盆地致密砂岩、中新生代湖相盆地特殊储集体是重要的勘探方向。

关键词： 裂解气; 实验模拟; 成因特征; 成藏模式

本文引用格式

李君，吴晓东，王东良，姜燕华，高阳，杨慎，莫午零 . #br# 裂解气成因特征及成藏模式探讨[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2013 , 24(3) : 520 -528 . DOI: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2013.03.520

Abstract

At present,the proven reserves of kerogen cracked and oil cracked gases at high thermal evolution stage have accounted for about 26% of the total reserves in China,so it is important to carry out systematic analysis of the formation and distribution characteristics of natural gas.Based on a number of pyrolytic experiments on kerogen and oil at high thermal stage,,combined with the researches on cracked gas,this paper further analyzed the genetic characteristics of cracked gases from oil,marine-lacustrine mudstone and lacustrine coal measures,and proposed five gas accumulation modes.Crude oil cracking was generally thought to occur at temperature more than 150℃.Our experiment proves that it begins to form cracking gas at temperature more than 190℃ in some areas.Gas generation potential of marine mudstone would exhaust when RO approaches 3%.However,lacustrine coal measures still have great methane generation potential when RO is near 2.5%-5%,and the gas amount generated at this stage accounts for more than 20% of the total generated gas.The cracking potential of lacustrine mudstone lies between the two formers,and the coal source rock has the greatest gas cracking potential.Cracking gas mainly has five accumulation modes,including ancient uplift crude oil cracked gas,ancient slope weathering karst cracking gas,dense sandstone coal source rock cracking gas,special reservoir cracking gas,and coal seam-shale source cracking gas.The ancient uplift and slope reservoir,the marine-terrestrial transitional basin dense sandstone reservoir and Meso-Cenozoic special reservoir are important potential exploration direction.

Key words： Cracking gas; Pyrolysis; Genetic feature; Accumulation mode

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