收稿日期: 2012-02-17
修回日期: 2012-04-01
网络出版日期: 2012-06-10
基金资助
国家重大专项项目“中国大型气田形成条件、富集规律及目标评价”(编号:2011ZX05007)资助.
Genesis of Mercury in Natural Gas of Chinese Gas Fields
Received date: 2012-02-17
Revised date: 2012-04-01
Online published: 2012-06-10
汞是天然气中一种常见的有害元素，中国含气盆地构造背景复杂，天然气类型多样，不同气田汞含量差异很大。为搞清中国气田汞含量分布特征及天然气中汞的成因模式，对中国陆上八大含气盆地近500多口气井开展了汞含量检测和分析。研究表明天然气汞含量差异很大,不仅表现在不同含气盆地之间和同一含气盆地的不同构造部位之间，而且表现在不同产气层埋藏深度之间及不同天然气类型之间。中国高含汞天然气主要分布在构造活动相对较强的拉张断陷盆地及前陆盆地的深层。松辽盆地高含二氧化碳井汞含量数据表明天然气中的汞不可能为幔源成因\.通过对煤的汞含量和产气率分析认为,作为生气母质的煤可以为高含汞天然气的形成提供充足的汞源。富含汞的气源岩、充足的热力和必要的保存温度是高含汞天然气形成的3个必要条件。结合汞的物理、化学特征和煤的沉积、埋藏和演化过程，可将天然气中汞的形成划分为5个演化阶段，即搬运、沉积、埋藏、释放和保存。
李剑, 韩中喜, 严启团, 王淑英, 葛守国, 王春怡 . 中国气田天然气中汞的成因模式[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2012 , 23(3) : 413 -419 . DOI: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2012.03.413
Since the structural background of gas bearing basins in China is very complex and natural gas types are various,mercury as a kind of heavy metal element has different contents in natural gases.In order to clarify the distribution of mercury content in natural gas and its genesis,we collected and measure the mercury content in natural gas from about 500 industrial gas wells of eight basins.The results show that the mercury contents are different in different gas bearing basins,different structural belts of the same basin,as well as different production formation depth and different gas types.High mercury content in China is mainly distributed in the active structural background,such as rift basins and foreland basin.The data of mercury content in the CO2 enriched gas fields of Songliao basin suggests that the mercury in natural gas would be impossible to be sourced from mantle.Based on measuring the mercury content in coal and gas generation from coal,we consider that coal would have the ability to supply enough mercury for forming high mercury content in natural gas.High mercury contents in natural gas are controlled by mercury enriched source rock,sufficient heating force and necessary conservation temperature.According to mercury′s physical,chemical properties as well as depositional environment,burial and evolution process of coal,the accumulation of mercury in natural gas can be divided into five stages like as transportation,sedimentation,burial,release,and conservation.
Key words： China; Gas field; Natural gas; Mercury; Distribution; Genesis.
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