天然气地球化学

生物降解原油的地球化学特征及其意义

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  • (1.长江大学地球化学系,湖北 荆州 434023;2.中国石油大学(北京)资源与信息学院,北京 昌平 102249)  
段传丽(1982-),女,湖北黄冈人,硕士研究生,主要从事油气地球化学研究.

收稿日期: 2006-10-16

  修回日期: 2007-02-25

  网络出版日期: 2008-06-20

基金资助

国家“十五”科技攻关项目“胜利油田极端微生物石油开采技术研究”(编号:200 3BA613A-08-1)资助.

GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BIODEGRADED CRUDE OIL AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCES

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  • (1. Department of Geochemistry, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023,  China; 2. School of Resources and\=Information, China University of Petroleum, B eijing 102249, China)

Received date: 2006-10-16

  Revised date: 2007-02-25

  Online published: 2008-06-20

摘要

简要叙述了生物降解原油的地球化学特征及其意义,指出微生物降解原油有喜氧/厌氧降解2种机制,实验室条件下一般进行喜氧生物降解,由于厌氧降解的速率很慢,因而在实验室条件下不可能完全模拟地下厌氧生物降解;温度对生物降解有控制作用,40℃左右时实验室生物降解效果最佳;在实验室条件下,微生物降解对原油的饱和烃、芳烃、非烃、沥青质各个组分都产生影响,使饱和烃含量相对下降,芳烃、非烃、沥青质的含量相对上升,而沥青质不易被生物降解,其热解产物及钌离子催化氧化产物在生物降解原油对比、油源对比中具有重要的作用。

本文引用格式

段传丽;陈践发 . 生物降解原油的地球化学特征及其意义[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2007 , 18(2) : 278 -283 . DOI: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2007.02.278

Abstract

The mechanisms of the microbial degradation of crude oil are aerobic and anaerobic biodegradations. The degradation of crude oils in laboratories usually takes place in the presence of oxygen. Anaerobic biodegradation cannot be absolutely simulated in laboratories because of its slow degradation rate. The temperature is a main factor controlling the biodegradation. The laboratory biodegradation effect is the best under about 40℃. After the microbial degradation in laboratory, the crude oil samples have lower saturated hydrocarbon, and higher aromatic hydrocarbon, nonhydrocarbon and asphaltene. Asphaltene is not susceptible to biodegradation and its pyrolysis product and the Ruthenium ion catalyed oxidation product have important role in the oil-oil correlation and oil source correlation for the biodegraded oil.

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