辽河油田锦612复杂断块油藏下第三系沙河街组三段浊积砂砾岩储层厚度变化大,分布不稳定,纵、横向非均质性都很强。在油田开发阶段,地质工作者的任务是对油藏及其参数做出预测,落实储层横向变化特征,搞清油藏的非均质性特征,降低开发井部署风险。常规地面地震方法难以精确地用于落实井旁精细构造和预测岩性、储层横向变化。介绍了VSP(垂直地震剖面法)技术的基本原理、零偏和非零偏两个方面的数据采集与处理。以锦612-22-36和锦612-8-20两口井为例阐述了VSP资料的应用情况及效果。VSP技术大大提高了三维地震资料的分辨率,在地震剖面与地质层位之间架起了一座桥梁,准确地落实了锦612断块北部、西部断层的位置,搞清了储层在北部、西北部方向上的分布特征,为锦612断块油田扩边挖潜提供了重要的依据。

 The thickness of the turbidite sand-gravel stone reservoir of Tertiary Es₃ in complicated fault block reservoir Jin 612, varies largely and distributes u nevenly, its heterogeneity is very strong both laterally and lengthwise. During  the oilfield development period，the task of the geologists is to forecast the  reservoir properties and its description parameters，to make the reservoir distr ibution and its heterogeneity clear and then decrease the risk of deployment. It 's difficult to fulfill accurately the fine structure near the well and not easy  to forecast the distribution of lithology and the lateral variation of the rese rvoir by using routine seismic profile. This paper presents the VSP technology p rinciple, data collection and interpretation in both zero and non-zero offset  distance sides. Taking Jin 612-22-36 and Jin 612-8-20 two wells as evidence,  the paper presents the application of the VSP data and its effect. This approac h increases the resolution factor of the three dimensional seismic data and thus  links the seismic profile and geological horizon, positions the Western and Nor thern faults of block Jin 612 accurately, makes the reservoir distribution both  in Northern and Northwestern clear. All these results are helpful to the fault b lock expansion and the well deployment.