李波,贾爱林,何东博,李学营
LI Bo,JIA Ai-lin,HE Dong-bo,LI Xue-ying
摘要:
应用位势理论、叠加原理和流体力学的相关原理,建立了考虑裂缝干扰、污染表皮、裂缝非均匀分布、裂缝与井筒有限导流,以及裂缝—井筒汇聚流、裂缝内高速非达西流动的压裂水平井稳态流动数学模型,给出了模型的数值求解方法,并运用模型预测了实际水平井产能,分析了产能的影响因素。结果表明,该模型适用性强,能用于各种复杂情况下的水平井产能预测,预测精度较高;由于裂缝间的干扰作用,各条裂缝产量存在差异,水平井筒两端裂缝产量高,中间裂缝产量低;水平井产能随水平段长度、裂缝半长、裂缝导流能力的增大而增大;裂缝污染表皮对产能影响显著,产能随表皮系数的增加而急剧下降,因此应尽量减少压裂作业对地层的伤害;在相对合理裂缝间距范围内,裂缝分布形式对产能影响不明显;井筒半径对井筒压降有影响,应根据水平井产能的高低,设计合理的井筒半径。
中图分类号:
[1]Holditch S A.Tight gas sands[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,2006,58(6):86-93.
[2]Dai Jinxing,Ni Yunyan,Wu Xiaoqi.Tight gas in China and its significance in exploration and exploitation[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2012,39(3):257-264.[戴金星,倪云燕,吴小奇.中国致密砂岩气及在勘探开发上的重要意义[J].石油勘探与开发,2012,39(3):257-264.] [3]Ma Xinhua,Jia Ailin,Tan Jian,et al.Tight sand gas development technologies and practices in China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2012,39(5):572-579.[马新华,贾爱林,谭健,等.中国致密砂岩气开发工程技术与实践[J].石油勘探与开发,2012,39(5):572-579.] [4][JP2]He Dongbo,Jia Ailin,Ji Guang,et al.Well type and pattern optimization technology for large scale tight sand gas,Sulige Gas Field[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2013,40(1):79-89.[何东博,贾爱林,冀光,等.苏里格大型致密砂岩气田开发井型井网技术[J].石油勘探与开发,2013,40(1):79-89.] [5]Lu Tao,Zhang Ji,Li Yuegang,et al.Horizontal well development technology for tight sandstone gas reservoirs in the Sulige Gas Field,Ordos Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2013,33(8):38-43.[卢涛,张吉,李跃刚,等.苏里格气田致密砂岩气藏水平井开发技术及展望[J].天然气工业,2013,33(8):38-43.] [6]Yang Zhilun,Zhao Weilan,Chen Qiwen,et al.High efficiency and productivity technology for horizontal wells in the Sulige Gas Field,Ordos Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2013,33(8):44-48.[杨志伦,赵伟兰,陈启文,等.苏里格气田水平井高效建产技术[J].天然气工业,2013,33(8):44-48.] [7]Giger F M.The Reservior Engineering Aspects of Horizontal Well[R].SPE 13024.SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition,16-19 September,Houston,Texas,1984. [8]Mukherjee H,Economides M J.A parametric comparison of horizontal and vertical well performance[J].SPE Formation Evaluation,1991,6(2):209-216. [9]Joshi S D.Augmentation of Well Productivity Using Slant and Horizontal wells[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,1988,40(6):729-739. [10]Prats M.Effect of vertical fractures on reservoir behavior—Incompressible fluid case[J].SPE Journal,1961,1(2):105-118. [11]Raghavan R,Joshi S D.Productivity of multiple drainholes or fractured horizontal wells[J].SPE Formation Evaluation,1993,8(1):11-16. [12]Lang Zhaoxing,Zhang Lihua,Cheng Linsong.Investigation on productivity of fractured horizontal well[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum,1994,18(2):43-46.[郎兆新,张丽华,程林松.压裂水平井产能研究[J].石油大学学报,1994,18(2):43-46.] [13]Han Shugang,Cheng Linsong,Ning Zhengfu.A new method for predicting productivity of fractured horizontal wells in gas reservoir[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum:Edition of Natural Science,2002,26(4):36-39.[韩树刚,程林松,宁正福.气藏压裂水平井产能预测新方法[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,2002,26(4):36-39.] [14]Ning Zhengfu,Han Shugang,Cheng Linsong,et al.Productivity calculation method of fractured horizontal wells in lowpermeability oil or gas field[J].Acta Petroleum Sinica,2002,23(2):68-72.[宁正福,韩树刚,程林松,等.低渗透油气藏压裂水平井产能计算方法[J].石油学报,2002,23(2):68-72.] [15]Li Tingli,Li Chunlan,Wu Ying,et al.A new way to calculate fractured horizontal wells productivity in low permeability oil reservoirs[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum:Edition of Natural Science,2006,30(2):48-52.[李廷礼,李春兰,吴英,等.低渗透油藏压裂水平井产能计算新方法[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2006,30(2):48-52.] [16]Fan Zifei,Fang Hongchang,Niu Xinnian.A steady solution formula of horizontal well productivity in a fractured reservoir[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1996,23(3):52-57.[范子菲,方宏长,牛新年.裂缝性油藏水平井稳态解产能公式研究[J].石油勘探与开发,1996,23(3):52-57.] [17]Zhang Feng,Zhao Shimin,Qin Jianmin,et al.Productivity of the horizontal well with finite-conductivity fractures[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2009,20(5):817-821.[张枫,赵仕民,秦建敏,等.有限导流裂缝水平井产能研究[J].天然气地球科学,2009,20(5):817-821.] [18]Cinco-Ley H,Samaniego-V F,Domínguez N.Transient pressure behavior of a well with a finite-conductivity vertical fracture[J].SPE Journal,1978,18(4):253-264. [19]Riley M F.Analytical Solutions for Elliptical Finite-Conductivity Fractures[R].SPE 22656.SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition,6-9 October,Dallas,Texas,1991. [20]Guo B,Yu X,Khoshgahdam M.A simple analytical model for predicting productivity of multi-fractured horizontal wells[J].SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering,2009,12(6):879-885. [21][KG*5/6]Wang Zhiping,Zhu Weiyao,Yue Ming,et al.A method to predict the production of fractured horizontal wells in low/ultra-low permeability reservoirs[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2012,34(7):750-754.[王志平,朱维耀,岳明,等.低、特低渗透油藏压裂水平井产能计算方法[J].北京科技大学学报,2012,34(7):750-754.] [22]Wang Zhiping,Ran Qiquan,Tong Min,et al.New forecasting method of fractured horizontal well productivity in volcanic gas reservoirs[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2014,25(11):1868-1874.[王志平,冉启全,童敏,等.火山岩气藏压裂水平井产能预测新方法[J].天然气地球科学,2014,25(11):1868-1874.] [23][JP2]Aguilera R.Knudsen′s permeability correction for tight porous media[J].Transport in Porous Media,2012,91(1):239-260. [24]Zhang F,Yang D.Determination of fracture conductivity in tight formations with Non-Darcy flow behavior[J].SPE Joural,2014,19(1):34-44. [25]Chen N H,An explicit equation for friction factor in pipe[J].Ind.Eng.Chem.Fundamen.,1979,18(3):296-297. [26]Dikken B J.Pressure drops in horizontal wells and its effects on their production performance[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,1990,42(11):1426-1433. |
[1] | 徐加祥,丁云宏,杨立峰,王臻,刘哲,高睿. 基于扩展有限元的水力压裂缝间干扰及裂缝形态分析[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(9): 1356-1363. |
[2] | 赵文韬,荆铁亚,吴斌,周游,熊鑫. 断裂对页岩气保存条件的影响机制——以渝东南地区五峰组—龙马溪组为例[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(9): 1333-1344. |
[3] | 任茜莹,代金友,穆中奇. 气藏采收率影响因素研究与启示——以靖边气田A井区为例[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(9): 1376-1382. |
[4] | 杨海军,张荣虎,杨宪彰,王珂,王俊鹏,唐雁刚,周露. 超深层致密砂岩构造裂缝特征及其对储层的改造作用——以塔里木盆地库车坳陷克深气田白垩系为例[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(7): 942-950. |
[5] | 曾凡辉,王小魏,郭建春,郑继刚,李亚州,向建华. 基于连续拟稳定法的页岩气体积压裂水平井产量计算[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(7): 1051-1059. |
[6] | 朱维耀,马东旭. 页岩储层有效应力特征及其对产能的影响[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(6): 845-852. |
[7] | 吕志凯,贾爱林,唐海发,刘群明,王泽龙. 大型致密砂岩气藏水平井产能评价与新认识[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(6): 873-879. |
[8] | 翁定为,付海峰,包力庆,胥云, 梁天成,张金. 水平井平面射孔实验研究[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(4): 572-578. |
[9] | 史文洋,姚约东,程时清,石志良,高敏. 裂缝性低渗透碳酸盐岩储层酸压改造油井动态压力特征[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(4): 586-596. |
[10] | 段毅,吴应忠,赵阳,曹喜喜,马兰花. 草本沼泽泥炭加水热解产物烃类气体氢同位素特征[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(3): 305-310. |
[11] | 孟凡坤,雷群,徐伟,何东博,闫海军,邓惠. 应力敏感碳酸盐岩复合气藏生产动态特征分析[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(3): 429-436. |
[12] | 卢文涛,李继庆,郑爱维,梁榜,张谦,杨文新. 涪陵页岩气田定产生产分段压裂水平井井底流压预测方法[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(3): 437-442. |
[13] | 张云钊,曾联波,罗群,张晨,吴浩,吕文雅,代全齐,朱德宇. 准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组致密储层裂缝特征和成因机制[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(2): 211-225. |
[14] | 巫修平,张群. 碎软低渗煤层顶板水平井分段压裂裂缝扩展规律及控制机制[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(2): 268-276. |
[15] | 左罗,蒋廷学,罗莉涛,吴魏,赵昆. 基于渗流新模型分析页岩气流动影响因素及规律[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(2): 296-304. |
|