天然气地球科学

• 天然气地质学 • 上一篇    下一篇

四川盆地龙马溪组页岩有机孔隙SEM表征及成因分析

闫建萍,贾祥娟,邵德勇,张瑜,张同伟   

  1. 兰州大学地质科学与矿产资源学院/甘肃省西部矿产资源重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2015-03-27 修回日期:2015-05-22 出版日期:2015-08-10 发布日期:2015-08-10
  • 通讯作者: 张同伟(1965-),男,甘肃张掖人,教授,博士,博士生导师,主要从事石油、天然气地质地球化学及成藏地球化学研究. E-mail:zhangtw@lzu.edu.cn.
  • 作者简介:闫建萍(1974-),女,甘肃榆中人,副教授,博士后,主要从事石油与天然气地质地球化学研究. E-mail:yanjp@lzu.edu.cn.
  • 基金资助:

    国家重点基础研究发展计划(“973”)(编号:2012CB214701);国家自然科学基金(编号:41202095);博士学科点专项科研基金(新教师)(编号:20120211120032);教育部科学技术研究重大项目(编号:311010)联合资助.

Characterization of Organic Matter-hosted Pores by SEM Method and Their Formation Mechanisms for Shales of Longmaxi Formation,Sichuan Basin

YAN Jian-ping,JIA Xiang-juan,SHAO De-yong,ZHANG Yu,ZHANG Tong-wei   

  1. School of Earth Sciences & Key Laboratory of Western China′s Mineral Resources of Gansu Province,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China
  • Received:2015-03-27 Revised:2015-05-22 Online:2015-08-10 Published:2015-08-10

摘要:

研究表明,泥页岩中不同有机母质类型可以发育不同特征的有机质孔隙。用Ar离子抛光场发射扫描电镜照片观察结合XRD分析、EDS能谱分析和相关岩石学标准,将四川盆地龙马溪组泥岩有机质孔隙分为3种类型:热解沥青内部有机质孔(Ⅰ型)、顺矿物边界发育的线性有机质孔(Ⅱ型)、干酪根残余物孔隙(Ⅲ型)。其中,Ⅰ型有机质孔发育于运移后的固体沥青和残余沥青中,Ⅱ型有机质孔的形成机制尚不明确,Ⅲ型有机质孔发育于原始沉积的干酪根残余物内部。热解沥青孔隙能为页岩气体流动提供更有效和连续的渗透路径。

关键词: 有机孔, SEM图像, 龙马溪组, 四川盆地

Abstract:

This study illustrated that the organic matter-hosted pores vary significantly in different organic matter matrix. Three types of organic matter-hosted pores were identified in the shales of Longmaxi Formation in Sichuan Basin by combining field emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM)images,X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive spectrum analysis. Pores of TypeⅠorganic matter are observed in migrated pyrobitumen. Pores of TypeⅡorganic matter are aligned parallel to the mineral edges. Pores of Type Ⅲ organic matter develop in residual kerogen. Pores of TypeⅠorganic matter are formed from the exsolution of gaseous hydrocarbons during the secondary thermal cracking of retained oil. The mechanism of typeⅡorganic matter pores remains unclear,and pores of type Ⅲ organic matter are related to the residual kerogen after hydrocarbon generation. Pores of TypeⅠorganic matter can provide more extensive connected pathways than other isolated organic matter pores as in kerogen.

Key words: Organic matter pores, SEM image, Longmaxi Formation, Sichuan Basin

中图分类号: 

  • TE122.2

[1]Loucks R G,Reed R M,Ruppel S C,et al.Morphology,genesis and distribution of nanometer-scale pores in siliceous mudstones of the Mississippian Barnett Shale[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,2009,79:848-861.
[2]Loucks R G,Reed R M,Ruppel S C,et al.Spectrum of pore types and networks in mudrocks and a descriptive classification for matrix-related mudrock pores[J].AAPG Bulletin,2012,96(6):1071-1098.
[3]Loucks R G,Reed R M.Scanning-Electron-Microscope Petrographic evidence for distinguishing organic-matter pores associated with depositional organic matter versus migrated organic matter in mudrocks[C]//AAPG Annual Meeting 2014,Abstract.Houston:AAPG,2014.
[4]Milliken K L,Esch WL,Reed R M,et al.Grain assemblages and strong diagenetic overprinting in siliceous mudrocks,Barnett Shale(Mississippian),Fort Worth Basin,Texas,U.S.A[J].AAPG Bulletin,2012,96(8):1553-1578.
[5]Milliken K L,Rudnicki M,AwwillerN D,et al.Organic matter-hosted pore system,Marcellus Formation(Devonian),Pennsylvania[J].AAPG Bulletin,2013,97(2):177-200.
[6]Milliken K L,Ko L T,Pommer M.SEM petrography of eastern Mediterranean Sapropels:Analogue data for assessing organic matter in oil and gas shales[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,2014,84:961-974.
[7]Zhang T W,Ellis G S,Ruppel S C,et al.Effect of organic-matter type and thermal maturity on methane adsorption in shale-gas systems[J].Organic Geochemistry,2012,47:120-131.
[8]Zhang T W,Yang R S,Milliken K L,et al.Chemical and isotopic composition of gases released by crush methods from organic rich mudrocks[J].Organic Geochemistry,2014,73:16-28.
[9][KG*5/6]Chalmers G R,Bustin R M,Power I M.Characterization of gas shale pore systems by porosimetry,pycnometry,surface area,and field mission scanning electron microscopy/transmission electron microscopy image analyses:Examples from the Barnett,Woodford,Haynesville,Marcellus and Doigunits[J].AAPG Bulletin,2012,96(6):1099-1119.
[10]Zou Caineng.Unconventional Oil and Gas Geology[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2013:1-91.[邹才能.非常规油气地质[M].北京:地质出版社,2013:1-91.]
[11][KG*6/7]Guo Qiulin,Chen Xiaoming,Song Huanqi,et al.Evolution and models of shale porosity during burial process[J].Natural Gas Geoscinece,2013,24(3):439-449.[郭秋麟,陈晓明,宋焕琪,等.泥页岩埋藏过程孔隙度演化与预测模型探讨[J].天然气地球科学,2013,24(3):439-449.]
[12]Tian H,Pan L,Xiao X M,et al.A preliminary study on the pore characterization of Lower Silurian black shales in the Chuandong Thrust Fold Belt,southwestern China using low pressure N2 adsorption and FE-SEM methods[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2013,48:8-19.
[13]Jiao K,Yao S P,Liu C,et al.The characterization and quantitative analysis of nanopores in unconventional gas reservoirs utilizing FESEM-FIB and image processing:An example from the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Shale,Upper Yangtze region,China[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2014,(128/129):1-11.
[14]Dong Dazhong,Cheng Keming,Wang Yuman,et al.Forming conditions and characteristics of shale gas in the Lower Paleozoic of the Upper Yangtze region,China[J].Oil and Gas Geology,2010,31(3):288-308.[董大忠,程克明,王玉满,等.中国上扬子区下古生界页岩气形成条件及特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(3):288-308.]
[15]Wang Shejiao,Wang Lansheng,Huang Jinliang,et al.Shale gas accumulation conditions in Silurian of the Upper Yangtze region[J].Natural Gas Industry,2009,29(5):45-50.[王社教,王兰生,黄金亮,等.上扬子区志留系页岩气成藏条件[J].天然气工业,2009,29(5):45-50.]
[16]Wu Chenjun,Zhang Mingfeng,Liu Yan,et al.Geochemical characteristics of Paleozoic shale in Sichuan Basin and their gas content features[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2013,38(5):794-799.[吴陈君,张明峰,刘艳,等.四川盆地古生界泥页岩的地球化学特征[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(5):794-799.]
[17]Zhang Chunming,Zhang Weisheng,Guo Yinghai.Sedimentary environment and its effect on hydrocarbon source rocks of Longmaxi Formation in southeast Sichuan and northern Guizhou[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2012,19(1):136-145.[张春明,张维生,郭英海.川东南—黔北地区龙马溪组沉积环境及对烃源岩的影响[J].地学前缘,2012,19(1):136-145.]
[18]Sondergeld C H,Ambrose R J,Rai C S,et al.Microstructural studies of gas shales[C]//Society of Petroleum Engineers Unconventional Gas Conference,Pittsburgh,Pennsylvania,February 23-25.SPE  131771,2010.
[19]Ambrose R J,Hartman R C,Diaz-Campos M,et al.New pore-scale considerations for shale gas in place calculations[C]//Society of Petroleum Engineers Unconventional Gas Conference,Pittsburgh,Pennsylvania,February 23-25.SPE 31772,2010.
[20]Loucks R G,Reed R M,Ruppel S C,et al.Preliminary classification of matrix pores in mudrocks[J].Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions,2010,60:435-441.
[21]Curtis M E,Ambrose R J,Sondergeld C H,et al.Structural characterization of gas shales on the micro-and nano-scales[C]//Canadian Unconventional Resources and International Petroleum Conference,Calgary,Alberta,Canada,October 19-21.SPE Paper 137693,2010.
[22]Curtis M E,Sondergeld C H,Ambrose R J,et al.Microstructural investigation of gas shales in two and three dimensions using nanometer-scale resolution imaging[J].AAPG Bulletin,2012,96(4):665-677.
[23]Zou Caineng,Zhu Rukai,Bai Bin,et al.First discovery of nano-pore throat in oil and gas reservoir in China and its scientific value[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2011,27(6):1857-1864.[邹才能,朱如凯,白斌,等.中国油气储层中纳米孔首次发现及其科学价值[J].岩石学报,2011,27(6):1857-1864.]
[24]Chalmers G R,Bustin R M,Powers I M.A pore by any other name would be as small:The importance of meso- and micro-porosity in shale gas capacity[C]//American Association of Petroleum Geologists Annual Convention and Exhibition,Denver,CO,June 7-10,2009.
[25]Wang F P,Reed R M.Pore networks and fluid flow in gas shales[C]//SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition,New Orleans,LA,October 4-7.SPE 124253,2009.
[26]Milner M R,McLin R E,Petriello J V,et al.Imaging texture and porosity in mudstones and shales:comparison of secondary and ion-milled backscatter SEM methods[C]//CSUG/SPE Canadian Unconventional Resources and International Petroleum Conference,Canada,Alberta,Calgary,October 19-21.SPE-138975,2010.
[27]Schieber J D.Common themes in the formation and preservation of intrinsic porosity in shales and mudstones:Illustrated with examples from across the Phanerozoic[C]//Society of Petroleum Engineers Unconventional Gas Conference,Pittsburgh,Pennsylvania,February 23-25.SPE 132379,2010.
[28]Curtis M E,Ambrose R J,Sondergeld C H,et al.Transmission and scanning electron microscopy investigation of pore connectivity of gas shales on the nanoscale[C]//Society of Petroleum Engineers North American Unconventional Gas Conference and Exhibition,The Woodlands,Texas,June 14-16.SPE 144391,2011.
[29]Curtis M E,Cardott B J,Sondergeld C H,et al.Development of organic porosity in the Woodford Shale with increasing thermal maturity[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2012,103:26-31.
[30]Cander H.Sweet spots in shale gas and liquids plays:Prediction of fluid composition and reservoir pressure[C]//AAPG Annual Meeting Long Beach,California,America,2012.
[31]Hu H Y,Zhang T W,Wiggins-Camacho J D,et al.Experimental investigation of changes in methane adsorption of bitumen-free Woodford Shale with thermal maturation induced by hydrous pyrolysis[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2015,59:114-128.
[32]Fishman N S,Paul C,Hackley P C,et al.The nature of porosity in organic-rich mudstones of the Upper Jurassic Kimmeridge Clay Formation,North Sea,offshore United Kingdom[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2012,103:32-50.
[33]Bernard S,Horsfield B,Schulz H M,et al.Geochemical evolution of organic-rich shales with increasing maturity:A STXM and TEM study of the Posidonia Shale(Lower Toarcian,northern Germany)[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2012,31:70-89.
[34]Bernard S,Wirth R,Schreiber A,et al.Formation of nanoporous pyrobitumen residues during maturation of the Barnett Shale(Fort Worth Basin)[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2012,103:3-11.

[1] 赵文韬,荆铁亚,吴斌,周游,熊鑫. 断裂对页岩气保存条件的影响机制——以渝东南地区五峰组—龙马溪组为例[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(9): 1333-1344.
[2] 王朋飞,姜振学,吕鹏,金璨,李鑫,黄璞. 重庆周缘下志留统龙马溪组和下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩有机质孔隙发育及演化特征[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(7): 997-1008.
[3] 邱 振,邹才能,李熙喆,王红岩,董大忠,卢斌,周尚文,施振生,冯子齐,张梦琪. 论笔石对页岩气源储的贡献——以华南地区五峰组—龙马溪组笔石页岩为例[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(5): 606-615.
[4] 王涛利,郝爱胜,陈清,李,王庆涛,卢鸿,刘大永. 中扬子宜昌地区五峰组和龙马溪组页岩发育主控因素[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(5): 616-631.
[5] 龙胜祥,冯动军,李凤霞,杜伟. 四川盆地南部深层海相页岩气勘探开发前景[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(4): 443-451.
[6] 曹涛涛,邓模,宋之光,刘光祥,黄俨然,Andrew Stefan Hursthouse. 黄铁矿对页岩油气富集成藏影响研究[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(3): 404-414.
[7] 王宏坤,吕修祥,王玉满,慕瑄,张琰,钱文文,陈佩佩. 鄂西下志留统龙马溪组页岩储集特征[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(3): 415-423.
[8] 朱华, 杨光, 苑保国, 应丹琳, 戴鑫, 周红飞, 徐世琦, 谈健康. 四川盆地常规天然气地质条件、资源潜力及勘探方向[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(10): 1475-1485.
[9] 杨文新,李继庆,苟群芳. 四川盆地焦石坝地区页岩吸附特征室内实验[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2017, 28(9): 1350-1355.
[10] 陈双,黄海平,张博原,谢增业. 原油及源内残余沥青裂解成气差异及地质意义[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2017, 28(9): 1375-1384.
[11] 贾成业,贾爱林,韩品龙,王建君,袁贺,乔辉. 四川盆地志留系龙马溪组优质页岩储层特征与开发评价[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2017, 28(9): 1406-1415.
[12] 张建勇,倪新峰,吴兴宁,李文正,郝毅,陈娅娜,吕学菊,谷明峰,田瀚,朱茂. 中国主要克拉通盆地深层白云岩优质储层发育主控因素及分布[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2017, 28(8): 1165-1175.
[13] 沈安江,陈娅娜,潘立银,王龙,佘敏. 四川盆地下寒武统龙王庙组沉积相与储层分布预测研究[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2017, 28(8): 1176-1190.
[14] 张林,万玉金,杨洪志,苏云河,张满郎. 四川盆地高石梯构造灯影组四段溶蚀孔洞型储层类型及组合模式[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2017, 28(8): 1191-1198.
[15] 翟秀芬,汪泽成,罗平,王铜山,石书缘,张洪. 四川盆地高石梯东部地区震旦系灯影组微生物白云岩储层特征及成因[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2017, 28(8): 1199-1210.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!