天然气地球科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (9): 1297–1307.doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2021.02.013

• 非常规天然气 • 上一篇    下一篇

贵州牛蹄塘组黑色页岩岩相划分及岩相—沉积环境—有机质耦合关系

宁诗坦1(),夏鹏1,2(),郝芳3,田金强3,钟毅1,邹妞妞1,2,付勇1,2   

  1. 1.贵州大学资源与环境工程学院,贵州 贵阳 550025
    2.喀斯特地质资源与环境教育部重点实验室,贵州大学,贵州 贵阳 550025
    3.中国石油大学(华东)地球科学与技术学院,山东 青岛 266580
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-28 修回日期:2021-02-25 出版日期:2021-09-10 发布日期:2021-09-14
  • 通讯作者: 夏鹏 E-mail:877967242@qq.com;pxia@gzu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:宁诗坦(1997-),男,福建永春人,硕士研究生,主要从事非常规天然气地质研究.E-mail:877967242@qq.com.
  • 基金资助:
    贵州省科技厅计划项目(黔科合基础[2019]1119);贵州大学2017年度学术新苗培养及创新探索专项(黔科合平台人才[2017]7285);国家自然科学基金项目(42002166)

Shale facies and its relationship with sedimentary environment and organic matter of Niutitang black shale, Guizhou Province

Shitan NING1(),Peng XIA1,2(),Fang HAO3,Jinqiang TIAN3,Yi ZHONG1,Niuniu ZOU1,2,Yong FU1,2   

  1. 1.College of Resource and Environmental Engineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China
    2.Key Laboratory of Karst Geological Resources and Environment,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China
    3.School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China
  • Received:2020-12-28 Revised:2021-02-25 Online:2021-09-10 Published:2021-09-14
  • Contact: Peng XIA E-mail:877967242@qq.com;pxia@gzu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    The Science and Technology Department Plan Project of Guizhou Province, China (Grant No. Qiankehe Foundation [2019] 1119);the Guizhou University 2017 Academic New Seedling Training and Innovation Exploration Project (Grant No. Qiankehe Platform Talent [2017] 7285)

摘要:

贵州下寒武统牛蹄塘组黑色页岩是良好的烃源层,基于前人研究成果总结及研究区黑色页岩沉积古环境特征分析,对牛蹄塘组黑色页岩进行岩相划分,并讨论了岩相分布以及其与沉积环境和有机质分布之间的耦合关系。结果表明:牛蹄塘组黑色页岩主要以硅质页岩和富黏土质页岩为主;纵向上,页岩沉积时的氧化还原环境表现为从下部到上部由厌氧向氧化转变,深水相厌氧环境主要发育硅质页岩,贫氧环境主要发育富黏土硅质页岩;横向上,JY1井的浅水台地相厌氧环境主要发育黏土/硅混合页岩,TX1井的斜坡相—盆地相贫氧环境主要发育富硅黏土质页岩和硅质页岩;深水盆地和浅水台地均出现有机质的富集,有机质主要富集于硅质页岩中。

关键词: 贵州, 牛蹄塘组, 黑色页岩, 岩相, 沉积环境, 有机质

Abstract:

The black shale of the Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation in Guizhou province is a set of good source rock. Based on the summary of previous research results and the analysis of sedimentary paleoenvironment characteristics of the black shale, its lithofacies are classified, and then the distribution of lithofacies is analyzed. Moreover, the coupling relationship among the distributions of lithofacies, sedimentary environment, and organic matter content are compared. The results show that: (1) the black shale of Niutitang Formation is mainly composed of siliceous and argillaceous shales; (2) vertically, the redox environment of shale deposition changes from anoxic condition to oxic condition from bottom to top, and siliceous shale is mainly developed in anoxic environment of deep water phase, while clay-rich siliceous shale is mainly developed in suboxic environment; (3) laterally, the anoxic environment of carbonate platform facies in Well JY1 mainly develops argillaceous/siliceous mixed shale, while the suboxic environment of slope to basin facies in Well TX1 mainly develops silica-rich argillaceous and siliceous shales; (4) both of basins and carbonate platforms facies are enriched in organic matter, which is mainly enriched in siliceous shale.

Key words: Guizhou, Niutitang Formation, Black shale, Lithofacies, Sedimentary environment, Organic matter

中图分类号: 

  • TE121.1

图1

贵州省早寒武世沉积环境特征(a)沉积相平面分布(修改自文献[26]),(b)沉积环境(修改自文献[11])"

图2

贵州构造演化与下寒武统黑色页岩岩性特征(a)构造旋回与地层发育特征(修改自文献[28]);(b)灯影组与牛蹄塘组不整合面,织金;(c)老堡组与牛蹄塘组接触面,三穗"

表1

贵州下寒武统黑色页岩平均矿物组成统计"

地点矿物组成/%
石英长石方解石白云石黄铁矿黏土矿物
金页1井35.35.56.60.03.648.7
岩孔箐口14.018.00.00.00.068.0
织金桂果51.01.07.02.01.038.0
观山湖区百花湖42.022.00.05.06.025.0
贵阳龙水66.01.00.00.00.030.0
开阳芭蕉寨60.02.01.00.00.037.0
开阳磷矿54.01.00.00.00.045.0
开阳双流57.05.00.00.00.038.0
清镇温水村42.022.00.05.06.025.0
翁昭中院51.01.00.05.04.039.0
天星1井54.48.92.27.98.717.8
丹寨翻仰54.09.00.01.00.036.0
丹寨南皋57.55.81.70.01.231.6
黄页1井52.217.86.35.60.317.9
凯里54.00.00.00.00.041.0
凯里下司59.04.00.00.00.032.0
麻江62.04.02.03.00.025.0
台江九龙山47.012.50.00.01.539.0
镇远44.00.02.013.05.033.0
镇远都坪52.08.04.04.53.527.0
镇远火车站58.015.00.011.05.011.0
镇远江古71.014.00.05.00.010.0
镇远清溪57.013.00.00.09.021.0
镇远五里坡46.08.016.00.03.027.0
惠水孟寨48.015.00.00.00.037.0
荔波洞独63.03.00.00.00.034.0
三都55.00.04.00.00.036.0
三都水碾65.03.50.00.50.031.0
瓮安62.00.01.50.00.536.0
瓮安庙湾45.07.00.00.00.048.0
瓮安小河山53.014.00.00.00.033.0
瓮安永和63.02.00.02.00.033.0
江口桃映58.010.00.00.010.022.0
石阡中坝49.05.011.00.00.035.0
松桃60.01.05.00.03.030.0
松桃林朝沟60.06.00.00.00.034.0
松桃牛郎49.016.00.00.00.035.0
松桃世昌34.00.05.048.05.08.0
沿河夹石43.05.00.00.00.052.0
印江石梁52.012.00.00.00.036.0
铜仁市区附近66.16.00.69.01.217.1
湄潭50.00.05.06.00.032.0
仁页1井54.86.03.51.83.330.6
松林大巴42.04.00.022.06.026.0
余庆小腮71.06.00.00.00.023.0
遵义44.00.06.01.00.049.0
遵义金顶山56.06.00.06.00.032.0
遵义毛石56.02.00.00.00.042.0
遵义松林46.06.00.00.00.048.0
凤参1井40.523.66.94.019.6
正页1井42.529.64.24.05.113.3

表2

海相页岩岩相类型划分方案"

岩相组岩相矿物组成/%
石英+长石方解石+白云石黏土矿物
硅质页岩(I)硅质页岩(I1>50<25<25
富黏土硅质页岩(I2>50<2525~50
富钙硅质页岩(I3>5025~50<25
钙质页岩(II)钙质页岩(II1<25>50<25
富硅钙质页岩(II225~50>50<25
富黏土钙质页岩(II3<25>5025~50
黏土质页岩(III)黏土质页岩(III1<25>50<25
富硅黏土质页岩(III2<25>5025~50
富钙黏土质页岩(III325~50>50<25
混合页岩(IV)黏土/硅混合页岩(IV125~50<3025~50
硅/钙混合页岩(IV225~5025~50<30
钙/黏土混合页岩(IV3<3025~5025~50

图3

海相页岩全岩矿物两级岩相划分方案(a)岩相组划分方案;(b)岩相划分方案"

图4

牛蹄塘组不同类型岩相平面分布(沉积相底图引自文献[26])"

图5

不同环境下牛蹄塘组黑色页岩矿物组成和岩相类型"

图6

贵州不同相区牛蹄塘组黑色页岩岩相和氧化还原环境特征(a)浅水台地相JY1井(地球化学数据引自文献[29]);(b)深水盆地相TX1井(数据引自文献[37])"

图7

TOC、U/Th和长英质矿物关系(JY1井数据引自文献[29];TX1井数据引自文献[37])"

图8

不同岩相与TOC含量关系"

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