张辉,尹国庆,王海应
Zhang Hui,Yin Guo-qing,Wang Hai-ying
摘要: 为明确影响库车坳陷深层裂缝性致密砂岩气藏气井产能主控地质因素,在对天然裂缝产状描述和储层地质力学模型建立的基础上,分析了气井中天然裂缝与现今水平主应力之间的关系,定量计算得到了每条裂缝面上的正应力和剪应力,并根据Mohr-Coulomb破坏准则,模拟不同注入压力条件下的天然裂缝的力学响应,据此建立了天然裂缝剪切滑移率的概念。发现其随构造位置的变化而变化,在构造轴部、断层发育处天然裂缝剪切滑移率更大,裂缝的潜在力学活动性更好,渗透率好,单井产能高,反之,单井产能低。另外,开发过程中随地层压力下降,天然裂缝地质力学响应的动态变化也与产能变化密切相关。以3口开发井为例,当孔隙压力下降10MPa时,其中2口井中70%的天然裂缝的剪应力与正应力比值降低,产能也随之降低;而相邻的另一口井中裂缝的剪应力与正应力比值依然保持较高,其产能也保持相对稳定,扭转了传统认为的压力下降产能必然下降的认识。结果表明天然裂缝的地质力学响应是气藏渗透率和气井产能的重要主控因素之一,是该区域储层评价中一个新的指数,也是优化井位部署和压裂改造方案的一个重要补充依据。
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