曾凡辉1,彭凡1,郭建春1,钟华2,向建华2
Zeng Fan-hui1,Peng Fan1,Guo Jian-chun1,Zhong Hua2,Xiang Jian-hua2
摘要: 页岩气藏普遍发育有微裂缝,降压生产时应力敏感引起的微裂缝宽度变化将会显著影响页岩气的质量传输。综合考虑页岩气体在微裂缝中传输时的滑脱效应、克努森扩散和表面扩散等影响因素,运用弹塑性力学、解吸附理论,建立了考虑页岩微裂缝缝宽动态变化的气体质量传输模型,并应用分子模拟验证了模型的可靠性。在此基础上,研究了页岩储层微裂缝中气体质量传输规律和不同传输机理对气体质量传输的贡献。结果表明:①该模型能够很好地反映微裂缝中共存的连续流动、滑脱流动以及克努森流动等多种流态。②地层压力大于3.4MPa时,缝宽变化导致气体传输能力下降,下降后的传输能力最小仅为未考虑缝宽变化时的0.45倍;地层压力小于3.4MPa时,缝宽变化使气体传输能力增大,增大后的传输能力最大为未考虑缝宽变化时的4.5倍。③气体质量传输能力与裂缝压缩性呈负相关,而与岩石杨氏模量、泊松比呈正相关;地层压力小于4MPa时,气体质量传输能力与气体解吸附性呈正相关;地层压力大于4MPa时,不同解吸附性对质量传输的影响几乎一致。④表面扩散只有在纳米级别的微裂缝和低地层压力下才会对气体的质量传输产生较大影响。当表面扩散作用对气体传输贡献较小时,滑脱流动和克努森流动对质量传输的贡献呈现“此消彼长”的趋势;当表面扩散所占比重较大时,随着其比重的降低,滑脱流动和克努森流动对质量传输的贡献将先同时增加,然后“此消彼长”。
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