天然气地球科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (7): 11441154.doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2022.01.015
张文1(),吴建军2,刘向君1(),李兵2,梁利喜1,熊健1
Wen ZHANG1(),Jianjun WU2,Xiangjun LIU1(),Bing LI2,Lixi LIANG1,Jian XIONG1
摘要:
鄂尔多斯盆地东缘二叠系山西组是目前中国页岩气勘探开发的重要接替层位,研究储层页岩力学破坏特征是页岩地质精细评价和后续压裂施工方案制定的基础内容。在对山西组页岩样品开展矿物组成分析、沉积构造特征描述、岩石力学测试的基础上,明确了主要岩相类型及其力学特征,分析了储层岩石力学破坏特征的影响因素。结果表明:山西组页岩主要矿物为石英和黏土质矿物,可划分为硅质页岩、硅质黏土质页岩和黏土质页岩,储层页岩具有力学强度变化范围大、整体低值的特点。受控于岩相的影响,硅质页岩和硅质黏土质页岩力学强度和弹性模量强于黏土质页岩。纹层、充填裂纹以及生物碎屑等结构和构造,增大了力学非均质性,也容易影响裂缝的传播路径。巴西圆盘劈裂实验表明山西组页岩纹层和泥质条带对裂缝具有极强的捕获作用,容易导致裂缝沿着纹层和泥质条带扩展。围压降低了页岩的脆性,使页岩由劈裂破坏转换为剪切破坏,并伴随着充填裂纹和泥质条带的破坏,呈现出破坏形态由沉积构造和围压双重控制的模式,复杂的破坏模式有利于减弱页岩气开发过程中储层裂缝网络渗透率的应力敏感性。研究成果为后续水平井布井选层和压裂施工方案制定提供了借鉴。
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