天然气地球科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (2): 233–242.doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2021.08.018

• 天然气地质学 • 上一篇    下一篇

深层砂岩储层特征及成岩差异演化过程

杨佳颖1(),蒋有录1(),蔡国钢2,赵承锦1,张东伟2   

  1. 1.中国石油大学(华东)地球科学与技术学院,山东 青岛 266580
    2.中国石油辽河油田分公司勘探开发研究院,辽宁 盘锦 124010
  • 收稿日期:2021-06-09 修回日期:2021-08-21 出版日期:2022-02-10 发布日期:2022-02-25
  • 通讯作者: 蒋有录 E-mail:yjyupc521@163.com;jiangyl@upc.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:杨佳颖(1996-),女,甘肃平凉人,硕士研究生,主要从事油气藏形成与分布规律研究. E-mail: yjyupc521@163.com.
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技重大专项课题(2016ZX05006-005)

Reservoir characteristics and differential diagenetic evolution process of deep buried sandstone reservoirs: Case study of the upper Es3 in Niuju-Changtan subsag of Eastern Sag, Liaohe Depression

Jiaying YANG1(),Youlu JIANG1(),Guogang CAI2,Chengjin ZHAO1,Dongwei ZHANG2   

  1. 1.School of Geosciences,China University of Petroleum (East China),Qingdao 266580,China
    2.Research Institute of Exploration and Development,Liaohe Oilfield Company,PetroChina,Panjin 124010,China
  • Received:2021-06-09 Revised:2021-08-21 Online:2022-02-10 Published:2022-02-25
  • Contact: Youlu JIANG E-mail:yjyupc521@163.com;jiangyl@upc.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    The China National Science and Technology Major Project(2016ZX05006?005)

摘要:

辽河坳陷东部凹陷牛居—长滩洼陷深层沙三上亚段沉积体系复杂、储层横向变化大,深层探井少,储层成岩作用研究程度较低。利用铸体薄片、扫描电镜、X?射线衍射、流体包裹体等多种技术手段,对沙三上亚段储层性质、成岩演化特征进行了分析,划分了成岩相类型,并对比了不同类型储层成岩差异演化过程。结果表明,沙三上亚段储层岩性为中—细粒岩屑砂岩,以低孔、特低渗为主,储集空间主要为次生溶蚀孔隙,储层经历了压实减孔、早期胶结减孔、有机酸溶蚀增孔、晚期胶结减孔4个阶段。不同类型储层成岩演化过程具有明显差异,强压实相和强钙质胶结相砂岩致密化时间最早,中等成岩相砂岩次之,强溶蚀相砂岩最晚。强压实相和强钙质胶结相砂岩受高杂基含量和高碳酸盐胶结含量的影响,成岩早期孔隙度快速减少,导致晚期有机酸溶蚀的范围和强度有限;而强溶蚀相砂岩由于早期压实程度相对较弱,保留一定粒间孔隙,受有机酸溶蚀作用的影响较大,储层物性得到良好改善。

关键词: 储层特征, 成岩相, 孔隙演化过程, 深层砂岩储层, 牛居—长滩洼陷

Abstract:

The deep buried sandstone reservoirs in the upper member of Es3 in Niuju-Changtan subsag of Eastern Sag, Liaohe Depression are characterized by complex sedimentary system, large lateral variation of reservoir and few deep exploration wells, but there is little research on reservoir diagenesis. Based on casting thin-sections, SEM, X-ray diffraction, fluid inclusions and other technical means, this paper analyzed the properties, diagenesis characteristics and evolution of deep sandstone reservoirs in the upper third member of Shahejie Formation in Niuju-Changtan subsag, divided the reservoir diagenetic facies types, and compared the differential diagenetic evolution process of different types of reservoirs. The results show that the lithology of the upper third member of Shahejie Formation is mainly medium-fine grained lithic sandstones in the study area with low porosity and ultra-low permeability, and the reservoir pore type is mainly secondary dissolution pores. The diagenetic evolution of reservoir mainly experienced four stages including mechanical compaction for porosity reduction, early cementation for porosity reduction, acidic dissolution for porosity increase and late cementation for porosity reduction. The diagenesis and pore evolution of different types of sandstone reservoirs are significantly different.The densification time of sandstones from tight compaction facies and tight calcite cementation facies is the earliest, followed by sandstones from moderately diagenetic facies, and sandstones from strong dissolution facies are the latest. The sandstones of tight compaction facies and tight calcite cementation facies are affected by high matrix content and high carbonate cementation content respectively, and the porosity decreases rapidly in the early stage of diagenesis, resulting in the limited range and intensity of organic acid dissolution in the late stage. Due to the relatively weak compaction degree in the early stage, the sandstones of strong dissolution facies retain some intergranular pores, which are greatly affected by the dissolution of organic acids, and the reservoir physical properties are improved.

Key words: Reservoir characteristics, Diagenetic facies, Porosity evolution process, Deep sandstone reservoir, Niuju-Changtan subsag

中图分类号: 

  • TE122

图1

东部凹陷牛居—长滩洼陷构造位置与地层特征"

图2

东部凹陷牛居—长滩洼陷沙三上亚段砂岩储层岩石类型三角图(a)和岩屑类型三角图(b)"

图3

东部凹陷牛居—长滩洼陷沙三上亚段砂岩储层物性特征"

图4

东部凹陷牛居—长滩洼陷沙三上亚段储层储集空间显微照片(a)长石粒内溶孔、岩屑粒内溶孔和少量的原生粒间孔,牛深2井,3 679.5 m;(b)岩屑粒内溶孔,牛深2井,3 677.9 m;(c)长石粒内溶孔,牛深2井,3 677.5 m;(d)杂基溶孔,牛深2井,3 679.5 m;(e)铸模孔,牛深2井,4 145.5 m;(f)伊/蒙混层晶间孔,牛深2井,4 445.5 m;(g)绿泥石晶间孔,牛深2井,4 444.4 m;(h)微裂缝,牛深2井,3 695.7 m"

图5

东部凹陷牛居—长滩洼陷沙三上亚段砂岩储层成岩作用类型及特征(a)碎屑颗粒间呈线接触,牛深2井,3 677.9 m;(b)云母等塑性颗粒挤压变形,牛深2井,3 695.7 m;(c)方解石基底式胶结,阴极发光下亮桔色光,牛深2井,3 682.5 m;(d)方解石基底式胶结,牛深2井,3 677.5 m;(e)白云石交代方解石,牛深2井,3 659.72 m;(f)铁方解石充填粒间孔,牛深2井,3 659.72 m;(g)铁白云石充填粒内孔,牛深2井,3 659.72 m;(h)石英具次生加大,牛深2井,3 677.5 m;(i)石英次生加大中捕获的发蓝白色荧光的烃包裹体,牛深2井,3 659.72 m;(j)自生石英充填粒内孔,牛深2井,4 100.69 m;(k)自生石英和自生高岭石充填粒内孔,牛深2井,3 680.5 m;(l)伊/蒙混层和伊利石充填粒间孔,牛94井,3 913 m;(m)长石溶蚀形成粒内孔,牛深2井,3 659.72 m;(n)岩屑溶蚀形成粒内孔,牛深2井,3 677.9 m;(o)颗粒间杂基发生溶蚀形成溶蚀孔,牛深2井,3 695.7 m;(p)石英颗粒边缘发生溶蚀呈锯齿状,牛深2井,3 676.5 m"

图6

包裹体均一温度法判断东部凹陷牛居—长滩洼陷深层砂岩储层成岩矿物形成时间"

图7

东部凹陷牛居—长滩洼陷沙三上亚段砂岩储层埋藏史及成岩史"

表1

东部凹陷牛居—长滩洼陷沙三上亚段储层成岩相分类方案"

成岩程度判别指标IGV/%孔隙体积/%胶结物含量/%
13>8>10
中等13~155~85~10
15<5<5

图8

东部凹陷牛居—长滩洼陷沙三上亚段储层成岩相判别三角图"

图9

东部凹陷牛居—长滩洼陷沙三上亚段储层成岩相类型及特征(a)强压实相,杂基含量高,牛深2井,3 846.1 m;(b)强压实相,颗粒接触紧密,牛深2井,4 100.69 m;(c)强溶蚀相,粒内溶孔发育,牛深2井,3 677.9 m;(d)强溶蚀相,粒间孔隙和微裂缝发育,牛深2井,3 695.9 m;(e)强钙质胶结相,强白云石胶结,牛深2井,3 846.4 m;(f)强钙质胶结相,强方解石胶结,牛深2井,3 847.3 m;(g)中等成岩相,压实、胶结和溶蚀程度中等,局部见粒间溶孔,牛深2井,3 682.5 m;(h)中等成岩相,压实、胶结和溶蚀程度中等,局部见粒间溶孔,牛深2井,3 694.9 m"

图10

东部凹陷牛居—长滩洼陷沙三上亚段各成岩相储层孔隙差异演化与致密化过程"

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