天然气地球科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (8): 11271141.doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2021.02.004
刘海亮1,2(),刘四兵1,2(),周栋1,2,刘文1,3,金思丁1,2
Hailiang LIU1,2(),Sibing LIU1,2(),Dong ZHOU1,2,Wen LIU1,3,Siding JIN1,2
摘要:
通过典型钻井天然气组分、轻烃、碳同位素以及烃源岩抽提轻烃的系统测试,研究了四川盆地西部致密砂岩气的成因类型和来源。研究表明,研究区致密砂岩气以煤型气为主,须二段(T3x2)存在部分混合气。天然气来源具有下生上储的特征,其中须二段(T3x2)天然气主要来源于须二段(T3x2)自身的烃源岩以及下伏小塘子-马鞍塘组(T3m+t)烃源岩,须四段(T3x4)天然气主要来源于须三段(T3x3)烃源岩,天然气运移距离短;而侏罗系天然气则主要来源于下伏须五段(T3x5)烃源岩以及须家河组早期气藏的贡献,天然气运移距离长。在此基础上,优选了3组9类天然气运移地球化学指标,分别为:①天然气运移方向和距离指标为甲烷含量[W(CH4)]、乙烷含量[W(C2H6)]、非烃含量[W(CO2)],[W(N2)]、甲烷碳同位素(δ13C1);②天然气运移相态指标为苯/正己烷、苯/环己烷;③天然气运移通道指标为iC4/nC4和iC5/nC5。对研究区陆相天然气的运移进行了示踪,明确了研究区致密砂岩气的运移方向、运移相态以及运移通道。结果表明:研究区上侏罗统天然气主要由下部须家河组天然气沿高速优势通道窜层渗流运移而来,断裂是其最重要的运移通道;中侏罗统部分天然气由须家河组气源沿高速运移通道运移而来,而部分天然气为下部气源以水溶相的方式运移聚集成藏;须四段(T3x4)天然气成藏时,储层相对致密,运移通道发育不佳,天然气以扩散相短距离运移为主;须二段(T3x2)天然气主要通过断裂及其伴生裂缝以游离相和水溶相短距离运移为主。
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