天然气地球科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (3): 319–333.doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2021.01.013

• 天然气地球化学 •    下一篇

川西北地区海相烃源岩地球化学特征、分布规律及天然气勘探潜力

胡国艺1,2(),贺飞1,2,米敬奎1,2,袁懿琳1,2,郭谨豪1,2   

  1. 1.中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京 100083
    2.中国石油油气地球化学重点实验室,北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2020-08-18 修回日期:2021-01-22 出版日期:2021-03-10 发布日期:2021-03-22
  • 作者简介:胡国艺(1968-),男,安徽桐城人,教授级高级工程师,博士,主要从事油气地球化学和天然气地质学研究.E-mail:huguoyi69@petrochina.com.cn.
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技重大专项课题“高过成熟阶段天然气生成机理与源灶有效性评价”(2016ZX05007001)

The geochemical characteristics, distribution patterns, and gas exploration potential of marine source rocks in northwest Sichuan Basin

Guo-yi HU1,2(),Fei HE1,2,Jing-kui MI1,2,Yi-lin YUAN1,2,Jin-hao GUO1,2   

  1. 1.PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development,Beijing 100083,China
    2.CNPC Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry,Beijing 100083,China
  • Received:2020-08-18 Revised:2021-01-22 Online:2021-03-10 Published:2021-03-22
  • Supported by:
    The China National Science & Technology Major Project(2016ZX05007001)

摘要:

川西北地区为近年来四川盆地天然气勘探的热点地区,但时至今日对该区海相烃源岩的地球化学特征和分布仍缺乏全面的研究。选取8条露头剖面对川西北地区下震旦统陡山沱组、上震旦统灯三段、下寒武统筇竹寺组、下志留统龙马溪组、中泥盆统、中二叠统茅口组、上二叠统龙潭组/吴家坪组和大隆组8套海相烃源岩进行了系统的有机地球化学分析,探讨了该区天然气勘探潜力。筇竹寺组优质烃源岩厚度最大,可达80 m,其次是上二叠统龙潭组/吴家坪组和大隆组,厚度可达20~30 m,其他层系优质烃源岩厚度均较薄。从有机质丰度来看,陡山沱组、筇竹寺组、龙马溪组、龙潭组/吴家坪组和大隆组总有机碳含量(TOC)大于3%的发育优质烃源岩,灯三段、中泥盆统、茅口组有机碳含量整体偏低。从下寒武统筇竹寺组至上二叠统大隆组烃源岩干酪根碳同位素值逐渐增高,陡山沱组、灯三段和筇竹寺组烃源岩δ13C值小于-30.0‰,有机质类型以Ⅰ型为主,龙潭组/吴家坪组与大隆组烃源岩δ13C值主要分布在-28.0‰~-26.0‰之间,有机质类型以Ⅱ2型为主,其他介于两者之间。川西北地区除广元矿山梁、朝天二叠系和朝天泥盆系的烃源岩处于成熟阶段之外,大部分地区处于过成熟阶段,主要以生干气为主。多套高丰度烃源岩的发育奠定了川西北地区海相天然气资源丰富,以筇竹寺组和上二叠统烃源岩为气源的含气系统是川西北地区未来天然气勘探的关注领域。

关键词: 川西北地区, 海相烃源岩, 有机碳, 有机质类型, 成熟度, 勘探潜力

Abstract:

In recent years, the natural gas exploration in the northwest of Sichuan Basin has been paid more attention. However, the systematic study on the geochemical characteristics and distribution of marine source rocks in this study area has not been done. The potential of natural gas exploration has been systematically analyzed and discussed by selecting eight outcrop profiles from the eight sets of source rocks (i.e. the Lower Sinian Doushantuo Formation, the third Member of Upper Sinian Dengying Formation, the Lower Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation, Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation, the Middle Devonian, the Middle Permian Maokou Formation, Upper Permian Longtan Formation/Wujiaping Formation and Upper Permian Dalong Formation). Besides, in the eight sets of source rocks, Qiongzhusi Formation is characterized by the largest thickness of high-quality source rocks, up to 80 m. The thickness of Upper Permian Longtan Formation/Wujiaping Formation and Upper Permian Dalong Formation source rocks is up to 20-30 m, whereas the others are thinner. The average contents of TOC of Doushantuo, Qiongzhusi, Longmaxi, Longtan/Wujiaping formations source rocks are over 3%, which are high-potential source rocks, while the average contents of TOC in the third Member of Upper Sinian Dengying Formation, the Middle Devonian, and the Maokou Formation are low. The carbon isotope of kerogen in source rocks gradually becomes heavier from the Qiongzhusi Formation to the Upper Permian. The δ13C values of the kerogen in Doushantuo Formation, the third Member of Upper Sinian Dengying Formation, Lower Cambrian Series Qiongzhusi Formation are less than -30‰. The organic matter types of source rocks in Doushantuo Formation, the third Member of Upper Sinian Dengying Formation, and Lower Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation are type I. The organic matter types of source rocks in Upper Permian Longtan Formation/Wujiaping Formation and Upper Permian Dalong Formation are type Ⅱ2 with the δ13C values from -28.0‰ to -26.0‰ mainly, while others are between type I and type Ⅱ2. The maturities of source rocks in most areas are in the over mature stage, which are mainly in the thermal stage of dry gas, but Permian source rocks in Kuangshanliang section of Guangyuan, Chaotian and Devonian source rock in Chaotian are in the mature stage. The development of eight sets of high abundance source rocks has provided the rich marine natural gas resources in northwest Sichuan Basin. Therefore, the natural gas exploration targets sourced from the Qiongzhusi Formation and Upper Permian source rocks are favorable in the future.

Key words: Northwest Sichuan Basin, Marine source rocks, Total organic carbon (TOC), Organic matter type, Maturity, Exploration potential

中图分类号: 

  • TE122.1

图1

研究区位置、构造纲要及气田或含气构造分布(据陈竹新等[3],修编)"

图2

川西北地区8套海相烃源岩典型剖面有机碳分布"

图3

川西北地区8套海相烃源岩TOC频率分布"

图4

川西北地区8套海相烃源岩干酪根碳同位素频率分布"

图5

川西北地区8套海相烃源岩TOC与S1+S2关系"

图6

川西北地区8套海相烃源岩Tmax与IH关系"

表1

川西北地区8套海相烃源岩镜质体反射率分布"

剖面层位RO/%
组分最小值最大值平均值
朝天西北乡大隆组镜质体1.021.081.05
龙潭组镜质体1.021.041.03
广元上寺大隆组镜质体0.680.780.72
茅口组沥青0.740.880.82
旺苍龙马溪组碳沥青2.342.522.43
朝天泥盆系沥青1.041.121.07
桂溪泥盆系碳沥青2.943.113.03
宁强中坝筇竹寺组碳沥青3.123.363.23
旺苍水磨乡灯影组第三段碳沥青3.053.573.30

图7

川西北地区部分海相烃源岩厚度分布(单位:m)"

图8

川西北地区8套海相烃源岩总生气强度分布(单位:108 m3/km2)"

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