天然气地球科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (10): 13431354.doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2020.07.008
• 天然气开发 • 下一篇
赵金洲1(),王强1(),胡永全1,任岚1,傅成浩2,赵超能1
Jin-zhou ZHAO1(),Qiang WANG1(),Yong-quan HU1,Lan REN1,Cheng-hao FU2,Chao-neng ZHAO1
摘要:
射孔是水力压裂作业成功实施的关键因素之一,射孔参数研究对于储层改造、油气开采具有重要意义。基于全局嵌入黏聚区域模型(Cohesive Zone Model),建立了模拟多孔眼裂缝起裂、扩展的有限元模型。模型把储层考虑为致密、低渗透性的孔弹性介质,耦合了裂缝中流体流动与地质应力间的相互作用。KGD解析解与模拟结果保持吻合,验证了黏聚区域模型的准确性。研究结果表明多孔眼起裂会表现出4种竞争起裂模式:第一,初期就起裂并维持张开;第二,孔眼张开但未曾起裂;第三,初期起裂扩展后又闭合;第四,初期未起裂中后期才起裂。随着射孔密度的增加,孔眼的起裂率和平均破裂压力逐渐降低,近井筒区域裂缝复杂度增加。随着排量与黏度的增加,孔眼的初始起裂率、形成的主裂缝以及微裂缝数量都呈增加的趋势,水平应力差的影响则与之相反。多个射孔孔眼存在时,裂缝通过合并或闭合的方式呈现出由复杂到简单的变化,裂缝数量表现出由多到少的变化,最终形成以2~4条主裂缝为主(按孔眼起裂形成的主缝数进行统计),微裂缝为辅的扩展模式。
中图分类号:
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