天然气地球科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (9): 1204–1215.doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2020.05.015

• 天然气地质学 • 上一篇    下一篇

四川盆地中三叠统雷口坡组天然气来源及勘探方向

吴小奇1,2(),陈迎宾1,2,翟常博2,周小进1,2,刘文汇3,杨俊1,2,宋晓波4   

  1. 1.中国石化石油勘探开发研究院四川地区勘探开发研究中心,四川 成都 610041
    2.中国石化石油勘探开发研究院无锡石油地质研究所,江苏 无锡 214126
    3.西北大学地质学系,陕西 西安 710069
    4.中国石油化工股份有限公司西南油气分公司勘探开发研究院,四川 成都 610041
  • 收稿日期:2020-04-02 修回日期:2020-05-18 出版日期:2020-09-10 发布日期:2020-09-04
  • 作者简介:吴小奇(1982-),男,江苏盐城人,高级工程师,博士,主要从事天然气地质与地球化学研究.E-mail: xqwu@163.com.
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“含膏层系低丰度烃源岩生烃潜力与气源对比:以川西坳陷雷口坡组为例”(41872122);国家自然科学基金项目“海相含膏盐岩层系烃源岩发育特征与生烃潜力评价”(U1663201);中国科学院A类战略性先导科技专项“叠合盆地深层成藏体系与区带评价”(XDA14010402)

Gas source and exploration direction of the Middle Triassic Leikoupo Formation in the Sichuan Basin

Xiao-qi WU1,2(),Ying-bin CHEN1,2,Chang-bo ZHAI2,Xiao-jin ZHOU1,2,Wen-hui LIU3,Jun YANG1,2,Xiao-bo SONG4   

  1. 1.Research Center of Exploration and Development in Sichuan Basin, Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Production, SINOPEC, Chengdu 610041, China
    2.Wuxi Research Institute of Petroleum Geology, Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Production, SINOPEC, Wuxi 214126, China
    3.Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
    4.Exploration and Development Research Institute, Southwest Branch Company, SINOPEC, Chengdu 610041, China
  • Received:2020-04-02 Revised:2020-05-18 Online:2020-09-10 Published:2020-09-04

摘要:

四川盆地中三叠统雷口坡组天然气勘探近年来取得重要突破后继而成为业内关注的热点,但对气源的认识存在较大的分歧。基于天然气地球化学特征开展的成因鉴别和气源对比研究表明,雷口坡组天然气既有主要来自下伏上二叠统龙潭组/吴家坪组烃源岩(磨溪雷一段气藏),断裂下盘须一段烃源岩有一定贡献(中坝雷三段气藏)或供烃条件(川西雷四段气藏),也有主要来自须家河组烃源岩,雷口坡组自身烃源岩有一定贡献(元坝和龙岗雷四段气藏)。雷口坡组气藏具有3种不同的源储组合,其天然气勘探方向具有差异。上二叠统龙潭组烃源岩作为主力烃源岩构成下生上储型,切穿龙潭组至雷口坡组的深断裂周缘的正向构造是寻找雷口坡组规模性气藏的最有利区。上三叠统须家河组底部烃源岩和雷口坡组顶部储层可以构成旁生侧储型,岩溶残丘或岩溶斜坡局部构造高点是这类组合较有利的发育部位。雷口坡组自身构成自生自储型,这类组合往往作为辅助参与气藏形成。

关键词: 四川盆地, 雷口坡组, 地球化学特征, 天然气来源, 勘探方向

Abstract:

Natural gas exploration in the Middle Triassic Leikoupo Formation (T2l) in the Sichuan Basin has achieved great breakthrough in recent years and thus attracts wide attention, however, there is no consensus on the gas source. The genetic identification and gas-source correlation based on the geochemical characteristics of natural gas indicate that, natural gas in the Leikoupo Formation is mainly from the underlying Upper Permian Longtan/Wujiaping Formation (P3l/P3w) source rocks (Moxi), with assistance (Zhongba) or hydrocarbon supply condition (Chuanxi) by the source rocks in the 1st Member of the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation (T3x), or mainly from the T3x source rocks with certain contribution by the T2l source rocks (Yuanba and Longgang). The T2l gas pools display three types of source-reservoir assemblages, and they suggest different exploration directions. The P3l source rocks as main source rocks can constitute the lower-generation and upper-accumulation pattern, and the positive structures around the deep faults connecting the P3l and T2l are the most favorable areas to explore large-scale T2l gas pools. The source rocks at the bottom of T3x and the reservoirs at the top of the T2l can constitute the side-generation and side-accumulation pattern, which is favorably developed in the karst residual hills or the local tectonic high position of the karst slope. The T2l can constitute self-generation and self-accumulation pattern, which tends to participate assistantly in the formation of gas pools.

Key words: Sichuan Basin, Leikoupo Formation, Geochemical characteristics, Source of natural gas, Exploration directionFoundation items:The National Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41872122, U1663201), The Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDA14010402).

中图分类号: 

  • TE122

图1

四川盆地雷口坡组气藏分布"

表1

四川盆地雷口坡组气藏潜在烃源岩基本特征"

气藏含气层位潜在烃源岩层位岩性厚度/mTOC/%有机质类型RO/%文献
中坝T2l3须一段泥岩约2300.85~2.03II2—III0.9~1.0[17]
雷口坡组白云岩约5500.11~0.65II11.2~1.5[17]
吴家坪组泥岩约400.07~1.34II>2.0[18,19]
磨溪T2l1雷口坡组白云岩普遍<0.1I1.6~1.8[20]
龙潭组泥岩60~80平均2.83II2—III, 局部II1>2.0[19,20,21]
元坝T2l4须一段、须二段泥岩30~1100.63~2.79II2—III1.6~2.0本文及[22]
雷口坡组白云岩89~240(0.13~0.81)/0.39II11.7~2.1本文及[23]
龙岗T2l4须一段泥岩150~200平均1.76II2—III1.4~1.8[24]
雷口坡组白云岩II11.5~1.9[24]
川西T2l4马鞍塘—小塘子组泥岩50~3801.0~3.0II22.0~3.0本文及[25]
雷口坡组白云岩50~2000.24~0.53II12.0~3.2[7]
龙潭组泥岩30~60(2.00~5.43)/3.29I—II12.8~4.0本文及[26]
沧浪铺组泥岩>20(0.89~5.24)/2.63I>3.0本文及[26]

图2

四川盆地雷口坡组天然气干燥系数(C1/C1-4)与CH4(a)和CO2与H2S(b)相关关系(数据来源:文献[9-14,15,21,23,27-31])"

图3

四川盆地雷口坡组天然气δ13C2与δ13C1相关关系(数据来源:文献[9,14-15,21,23,27-31];尼日尔三角洲III型干酪根和特拉华/范弗德盆地II型干酪根据ROONEY et al.[32];萨克拉门托盆地III型干酪根据JENDEN et al.[33])"

图4

四川盆地雷口坡组天然气δD1与δ13C1相关关系(数据来源:参考文献[9,15,29,31];底图据廖凤蓉等[35])"

图5

四川盆地雷口坡组天然气C1/C2+3与δ13C1相关关系(数据来源:文献[9,14-15,21,23,27-31];底图据BERNARD et al.[37])"

图6

中坝气田雷口坡组天然气成藏模式(据刘树根等[13]修改)"

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