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天然气地球科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (7): 939–951.doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2020.04.025

• 天然气地球化学 • 上一篇    下一篇

含油气系统Re⁃Os定年及Re⁃Os元素和同位素体系研究新进展

赛彦明1(),田辉2,李杰3,刘银山4,张彬5,刘俊杰3()   

  1. 1.中国石化西南油气分公司石油工程技术研究院，四川 德阳 618000
    2.中国科学院广州地球化学研究所有机地球化学国家重点实验室，广东 广州 510640
    3.中国科学院广州地球化学研究所同位素地球化学国家重点实验室，广东 广州 510640
    4.陕西延长石油（集团）有限责任公司研究院，陕西 西安 710065
    5.中国石油长庆油田分公司对外合作部，陕西 西安 710018
  • 收稿日期:2019-12-15 修回日期:2020-04-17 出版日期:2020-07-10 发布日期:2020-07-02
  • 通讯作者: 刘俊杰 E-mail:373368297@qq.com;liu.junjie@gig.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:赛彦明（1987-），男，河南漯河人，工程师，学士，主要从事钻井和地球化学研究.E-mail: 373368297@qq.com.
  • 基金资助:
    广东省基础与应用基础研究基金广州市联合基金（粤穗联合基金）“原油初始Re-Os元素和同位素体系研究”(2019A1515110310);中国石油天然气集团有限公司碳酸盐岩储层重点实验室开放基金“Re-Os油气定年及烃源岩热模拟生烃Re-Os体系研究”(RIPED-HZDZY-2019-JS-694)

Recent research progresses on Re-Os geochronology and Re-Os elemental and isotopic systematics in petroleum systems

Yan-Ming SAI1(),Hui TIAN2,Jie LI3,Yin-Shan LIU4,Bin ZHANG5,Jun-Jie LIU3()   

  1. 1.Petroleum Engineering Technology Research Institute of the Southwest Oil and Gas Branch of SINOPEC, Deyang 618000, China
    2.State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
    3.State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
    4.Research Institute of Yanchang Petroleum (Group) Co. , Xi’an 710065, China
    5.Foreign Cooperation Department, PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi’an 710018, China
  • Received:2019-12-15 Revised:2020-04-17 Online:2020-07-10 Published:2020-07-02
  • Contact: Jun-Jie LIU E-mail:373368297@qq.com;liu.junjie@gig.ac.cn
  • Supported by:
    Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Fund (Guangdong-Guangzhou Joint Fund)(2019A1515110310);Open Fund of Carbonate Reservoir Key Laboratory of CNPC(RIPED-HZDZY-2019-JS-694)

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摘要：

近年来，铼—锇（Re?Os）同位素体系在含油气系统的生油—成藏、热裂解和热化学硫酸盐还原反应等事件的定年，以及油源示踪过程中取得了一系列的成果。Re和Os在原油的沥青质组分中含量较高，同时也在沥青质较早沉淀出来的次组分中含量较高，沥青质与可溶质以及沥青质的次组分之间的Re?Os同位素组成关系复杂。实验表明水中的Re和Os能快速、大量地转移到原油中去。Re?Os同位素体系在油气成藏年代学中具有很好的应用前景。不过，多个原油样品的Re?Os定年法得到的年龄一般不确定度较大，而利用单个原油次组分Re?Os定年法获得的年龄的地质意义有待探讨。Os同位素组成的均一机制、 Re?Os体系的封闭性以及在原油中Re和Os以何种形式存在等问题仍需要进一步研究。

关键词: 含油气系统, 铼—锇定年, 油源对比, Re?Os体系, 油水接触

Abstract:

Re-Os geochronometer has been used in the dating of the generation-accumulation, thermal cracking and thermochemical sulphate reduction of crude oil and the oil-source correlation of petroleum systems in recent years. Re and Os concentrations are higher in the asphaltene fraction of crude oil and the earlier precipitated fractions of asphaltene. The correlations of the Re-Os isotopic systematics between asphaltene and maltene and among the fractions of asphaltenes are complex. It is shown by experiments that Re and Os can transfer from water to oil rapidly in significant amount. However, Re-Os dating with multiple crude oil samples is suffering from great uncertainties while single oil dating methodology does not always work. A bright future for the application of Re-Os geochronometer on the dating of crude oil generation and accumulation requests further research on the homogenization mechanism of 187Os/188Os, the closed system of Re-Os systematics and how Re and Os reside in crude oil.

Key words: Petroleum system, Re-Os dating, Oil source correlation, Re-Os systematics, Oil-water contact

中图分类号: 

  • TE122.1+13

图1

烃源岩187Os/188Os随时间的增长演示"

图2

Duvernay原油与西加拿大沉积盆地其他烃源岩在66 Ma时187Os/188Os的对比（引用自LIU等[37]）"

图3

在187Re/188Os—187Os/188Os空间上的所有澳大利亚石沥青样品[43,47]（数字代表样品序号）"

表1

澳大利亚石沥青样品在68 Ma、74 Ma、81 Ma和104 Ma时的初始187Os/188Os（Osi）"

样品序号样品名Osi @ 68 MaOsi @ 74 MaOsi @ 81 MaOsi @ 104 Ma
1W13/007477 (interior)0.720.670.610.42
2W13/007507 (interior)0.650.600.540.35
3W13/007516 (interior)0.660.610.540.34
4W13/007668 (interior)0.680.630.560.37
5W13/007671 (interior)0.650.600.540.35
6W13/007672 (interior)0.670.630.580.43
7W13/007742 (interior)0.710.660.590.40
8W13/007764 (interior)0.640.590.530.35
9W13/007845 (interior)0.710.660.600.41
10W13/007976 (interior)0.640.600.540.37
11#1620.740.690.630.44
12#CL10.730.680.620.43
13#27A0.740.690.630.44
14#850.730.680.620.44
15#3060.720.670.620.44

图4

根据68 Ma、74 Ma、81 Ma和104 Ma时沥青样品187Os/188Os进行的使用平均联接（组间）的层次聚类分析谱系"

表2

澳大利亚石沥青样品层次聚类分析及相应Re?Os年龄"

Osi @ 68 MaOsi @ 74 MaOsi @ 81 MaOsi @ 104 Ma
聚类11,7,9,151,7,9,15
年龄38 ± 67（Model 1；Osi = 0.52?±?0.43；MSWD = 1.7）
聚类211,12,13,1411,12,13,1411,12,13,14,156,11,12,13,14,15
年龄94 ± 51（Model 1；Osi = 0.52?±?0.43；MSWD = 1.7）94 ± 51（Model 1；Osi = 0.52?±?0.43；MSWD = 1.7）103 ± 22（Model 1；Osi = 0.44?±?0.18；MSWD = 1.2）104 ± 12（Model 1；Osi = 0.43?±?0.10；MSWD = 0.91）
聚类32,5,8,102,3,5,8,102,3,5,8,102,3,5,8
年龄79 ± 45（Model 1；Osi = 0.56?±?0.38；MSWD = 0.08）84 ± 32 （Model 1；Osi = 0.51?±?0.28；MSWD = 0.09）84 ± 32 （Model 1；Osi = 0.97?±?0.55；MSWD =0.0007）96 ± 59 （Model 1；Osi = 0.40?±?0.51；MSWD = 0.03）

图5

聚类样品的Re?Os等时线"

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