天然气地球科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (7): 10161027.doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2020.02.010
于萍1(),张瑜2,闫建萍1,邵德勇2,张六六1,罗欢1,乔博1,张同伟2()
Ping YU1(),Yu ZHANG2,Jian-ping YAN1,De-yong SHAO2,Liu-liu ZHANG1,Huan LUO1,Bo QIAO1,Tong-wei ZHANG2()
摘要:
为研究分析页岩的吸水特征,有效测量页岩孔隙度,选取四川盆地黔浅1井龙马溪组5件页岩岩心样品开展吸水实验,分别从每件岩心样品中钻取一组不同直径(或不同长度)的页岩柱体,测量和计算每组各个小柱体的饱和绝对吸水量及骨架体积,建立二者的线性关系,由斜率K值表征各页岩样品单位体积的饱和吸水量,再据此计算出各页岩样品的有效孔隙度为3.51%~8.90%。为评价该方法所确定吸水孔隙度的准确性,又测定了样品的氮气吸附孔隙度和氦孔隙度,三者进行对比分析。结果显示:样品氮气吸附孔隙度为2.38%~7.04%,全部小于吸水孔隙度,二者相差0.54%~1.96%不等,这可能是由于氮气吸附实验无法探测泥页岩中孔径大于350 nm的宏孔,导致测定结果不包含这部分孔隙所贡献孔隙度而偏低。样品氦孔隙度为4.55%~8.09%,与吸水孔隙度相差仅为0.23%~0.81%,二者具有良好的一致性和可对比性,特殊地,QQ?45号样品的氦孔隙度比吸水孔隙度大2.65%,这是由于页岩柱体含微裂缝所导致的误差,而吸水实验可快速识别出含有微裂缝的柱体,能有效避免测量误差。由此可见,页岩柱体吸水实验法在有效保留页岩原生孔隙结构的前提下,通过统计分析多个页岩小柱体孔隙度测定结果而获得了页岩样品整体的吸水孔隙度,受页岩非均质性影响小,更接近页岩实际孔隙度。龙马溪组页岩孔隙度的变化与TOC含量具有良好的正相关性,与黏土及脆性矿物的相关程度不等,表明有机质是控制龙马溪组页岩孔隙度变化的主要因素。
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