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天然气地球科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (3): 317–324.doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2019.12.003

• 天然气开发 •    下一篇

水对含微裂缝页岩渗流能力的影响

朱维耀(),王百川(),马东旭,黄堃,李兵兵   

  1. 北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院，北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2019-06-24 修回日期:2019-12-06 出版日期:2020-03-10 发布日期:2020-03-26
  • 通讯作者: 王百川 E-mail:weiyaook@sina.com;1033357385@qq.com
  • 作者简介:朱维耀（1960-），男，辽宁沈阳人，教授，博士生导师，主要从事渗流流体力学和油气田开发研究.E-mail:weiyaook@sina.com.
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目“考虑微观力作用的纳微米孔隙流动理论及模拟研究”(51974013)

Effect of water on seepage capacity of shale with microcracks

Wei-yao ZHU(),Bai-chuan WANG(),Dong-xu MA,Kun HUANG,Bing-bing LI   

  1. Civil and Resource Engineering School，University of Science and Technology Beijing，Beijing 100083，China
  • Received:2019-06-24 Revised:2019-12-06 Online:2020-03-10 Published:2020-03-26
  • Contact: Bai-chuan WANG E-mail:weiyaook@sina.com;1033357385@qq.com
  • Supported by:
    The National Natural Science Foundation of China(51974013)

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摘要：

页岩储层经水力压裂后，发育不同尺度的裂缝，返排液滞留在储层与裂缝中，改变了页岩储层的含水饱和度，从而影响了页岩气的流动。为研究微裂缝条件下水对页岩储层渗流能力的影响，选取四川盆地下志留统龙马溪组储层黑色页岩，经巴西劈裂造缝处理后开展岩心实验，并结合扫描电镜实验方法以及渗流力学理论对含水条件下页岩储层渗流能力的影响因素进行分析，结果表明：黏土矿物含量以及缝网发育程度决定了页岩储层渗流能力；黏土矿物含量越多，储层渗流能力下降越大；主裂缝的开度及缝网形态控制着水在裂缝系统中的作用范围。通过拟合实验数据建立渗流能力下降幅度与面积密度方程，并对微裂缝条件下水对页岩渗流能力的影响情况做出细致分析。

关键词: 页岩气, 微裂缝, 黏土矿物, 渗流能力

Abstract:

The shale reservoir develops cracks with different scales after hydraulic fracturing. The flowback fluid stays in the reservoir and the fracture, changing the water saturation of the shale reservoir, thus affecting the flow of shale gas. In order to study the effect of water on the seepage capacity of shale reservoirs under micro-crack conditions, the black shale of the Longmaxi Formation reservoir in Sichuan Province was selected and the core experiment was carried out after the crack-making treatment via Brazilian cracking. The influencing factors of shale reservoir seepage capacity under water condition were analyzed by the experimental methods of scanning electron microscopy and the theory of seepage mechanics. The results show that clay mineral content and fracture network development determine seepage capacity of shale reservoirs. The more clay minerals, the greater the decline of reservoir seepage capacity. The opening of the main crack and the distribution pattern of the micro crack control the scope of water in the crack system. The equations of the decreasing extent and area density of seepage capacity were established by fitting experimental data, and the influence of water on shale seepage capacity under micro-crack conditions was analyzed.

Key words: Shale gas, Microcrack, Clay minerals, Seepage capacity

中图分类号: 

  • TE312

图1

不同缝网形态岩样"

图2

岩样裂缝CT扫描"

表1

岩样基础数据"

样品编号M1M2M3
长度/cm4.754.574.16
直径/cm2.532.532.52
孔隙度/%1.071.651.16
渗透率/(10-3μm2)2.2510.1734.03

图3

黏土矿物及全岩矿物相对含量"

图4

实验装置"

图5

实验装置流程"

图6

水作用前后微裂缝渗流能力变化"

图7

裂缝两侧的黏土矿物"

图8

黏土矿物含量与渗流能力下降的关系"

图9

渗流能力下降幅度与压力梯度的关系"

表2

实验过程岩样物性参数"

样品编号M1M2M3
束缚水饱和度/%1.49.65.8
主裂缝宽度/μm7.18.215.5
渗流能力下降幅度/%86170
裂缝表面积/cm2132935

表3

岩心滞留水质量与面积密度"

岩心编号渗流能力下降幅度/%滞留水质量/g面积密度/(g/cm2)
M1280.079 160.006 089
700.544 70.041 9
950.869 90.066 92
M2510.947 10.032 66
701.032 50.035 6
821.215 70.041 92
M3902.208 90.063 11
902.208 90.063 11
902.208 90.063 11

图10

缝网渗流能力下降幅度与面积密度的关系"

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