潮水盆地和民和盆地中侏罗统青土井组煤系烃源岩有机地球化学特征及其意义

doi:10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2019.11.001

天然气地球科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (2): 282–294.doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2019.11.001

潮水盆地和民和盆地中侏罗统青土井组煤系烃源岩有机地球化学特征及其意义

王森¹(),张明震²(),李爱静¹,张静¹,杜圳¹,杜宝霞¹,吉利民²,张献文³

^1.兰州大学地质科学与矿产资源学院，甘肃兰州 730000
^2.甘肃省油气资源研究重点实验室/中国科学院油气资源研究重点实验室，甘肃兰州 730000
^3.甘肃煤田地质局一四九队，甘肃兰州 730020

收稿日期:2019-06-26 修回日期:2019-11-16 出版日期:2020-02-10 发布日期:2020-02-28
通讯作者: 张明震 E-mail:wangsen0807@qq.com;zhangmzh08@lzb.ac.cn
作者简介:王森（1995-），男，重庆人，硕士研究生，主要从事油气地球化学研究. E-mail: wangsen0807@qq.com.
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41602023)

Organic geochemical characteristics of Qingtujing Formation coal⁃measure source rocks in the Chaoshui Basin and Minhe Basin, and their hydrocarbon⁃generation significances

Sen WANG¹(),Ming-zhen ZHANG²(),Ai-jing LI¹,Jing ZHANG¹,Zhen DU¹,Bao-xia DU¹,Li-min JI²,Xian-wen ZHANG³

^1.School of Earth Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
^2.Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources, Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources Research, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
^3.No. 149 Team, Gansu Provincial Bureau of Coal Geology, Lanzhou 730020, China

Received:2019-06-26 Revised:2019-11-16 Online:2020-02-10 Published:2020-02-28
Contact: Ming-zhen ZHANG E-mail:wangsen0807@qq.com;zhangmzh08@lzb.ac.cn
Supported by:
the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41602023)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着非常规油气资源开采技术进步以及勘探范围日益扩大，煤系烃源岩日益获得重视。潮水盆地和民和盆地作为甘肃陇中、河西地区的典型侏罗系含煤沉积代表，其生烃能力及其差异性特征研究相对欠缺，为此对两地区煤系烃源岩展开综合有机地球化学参数特征及其对比研究。生物标志物特征指示：潮水盆地青土井组煤系烃源岩有机质来源以混合输入为主，处于低熟—成熟阶段，沉积环境上段为弱氧化—弱还原滨、浅湖相，下段为弱咸化半深湖—深湖相，出现高伽马蜡烷优势，指示水体出现分层现象；民和盆地窑街组煤系烃源岩有机质来源上段以低等水生生物输入为主，下段为陆相高等植物优势输入，有机质处于低熟—成熟阶段，沉积环境倾向于典型沼泽相煤系沉积。有机质丰度和类型数据揭示：潮水盆地烃源岩有机质类型主要为Ⅱ型；民和盆地烃源岩有机质类型Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型及Ⅲ型均有出现。综合分析各项有机地球化学参数，指示潮水盆地和民和盆地均具有一定生烃潜力，相对来说以低等水生生物输入为主的民和盆地煤系烃源岩可能具有相对较大的生液态烃潜力。

关键词: 潮水盆地, 民和盆地, 青土井期, 烃源岩, 有机地球化学特征

Abstract:

With the advancement of exploration technology for unconventional oil and gas resources, the coal-measure source rocks are gradually being appreciated. Chaoshui Basin and Minhe Basin are representative of the Jurassic coal-measure sedimentary basins in the Hexi and Longzhong regions. There is a lack of research on hydrocarbon generation capacity and organic geochemical characteristics. This study contains the characteristics and comparison of organic geochemistry between the two basins. In terms of biomarkers, the source of organic matter of Chaoshui Basin may be mainly mixed input, which is at the low-mature-mature stage. The upper part of the sedimentary environment is weakly oxidized-weakly reduced, shallow lake, and the lower part is weakly salted and semi-deep. There is a high gamacerane advantage, indicating the stratification of the water. The upper part of Minhe Basin is dominated by lower hydrobiont input, and the lower is the dominant input of terrestrial higher plant. The organic matter is in the low-mature-mature stage, and the sedimentary environment is usually marsh-phase coal-sedimentation. According to the abundance and type of organic matter, Chaoshui Basin are dominated by Type II; Minhe Basin is dominated by Type I, Type II and even Type III. Comprehensive analysis shows that both basins have hydrocarbon generation potential. Minhe Basin, which is dominated by lower hydrobiont input, may have relatively large potential.

Key words: Chaoshui Basin, Minhe Basin, Qingtujing Formation, Source rocks, Organic geochemical characteristics

中图分类号:

TE122.1⁺13

王森, 张明震, 李爱静, 张静, 杜圳, 杜宝霞, 吉利民, 张献文. 潮水盆地和民和盆地中侏罗统青土井组煤系烃源岩有机地球化学特征及其意义[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2020, 31(2): 282–294.

Sen WANG, Ming-zhen ZHANG, Ai-jing LI, Jing ZHANG, Zhen DU, Bao-xia DU, Li-min JI, Xian-wen ZHANG. Organic geochemical characteristics of Qingtujing Formation coal⁃measure source rocks in the Chaoshui Basin and Minhe Basin, and their hydrocarbon⁃generation significances[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2020, 31(2): 282–294.

图/表 12

图1

表1

潮水盆地和民和盆地青土井组煤系烃源岩有机质丰度分布特征"

区域

层位

总有机碳

生烃潜量(S₁+S₂）

/(mg/g)

氯仿沥青“A”

氢指数(I_H)

/(mg/g)

潮水盆地

J₂q

0.65 ~ 7.8 2.36 (51)

0.22 ~ 80.37 8.11 (31)

0.002 ~ 0.380 0.094 (31)

20.50 ~ 470.12 182.94 (30)

民和盆地

J₂y

0.25 ~ 37.55 7.39 (41)

0.20 ~ 121.01 27.83 (16)

20.09 ~ 485.95 243.24 (16)

表1

图2

图3

表2

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

图9

图10

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样品号	层位	正构烷烃				类异戊二烯烷烃			萜烷			甾烷
样品号	层位	主峰碳	OEP	∑C₂₁^－/∑C₂₂⁺	(C₂₁+C₂₂)/(C₂₈+C₂₉)	Pr/Ph	Pr/nC₁₇	Ph/nC₁₈	Ts/(Ts+Tm)	C₃₁αβ22S/ (22S+22R)	伽马蜡烷/ αβC₃₀藿烷	C₂₇/C₂₉	C₂₉ααα20S/(20S+20R)	C₂₉ββ/ (ββ+αα)
CS-1	J₂q	nC₂₁	1.23	1.13	5.29	1.00	4.24	3.79	0.39	0.57	1.01	0.71	0.33	0.32
CS-2	J₂q	nC₂₀	1.00	1.18	2.84	1.09	1.72	1.41	0.24	0.57	1.52	0.58	0.40	0.32
CS-3	J₂q	nC₂₁	1.12	0.96	3.93	1.36	5.08	3.20	0.30	0.59	0.63	0.70	0.38	0.30
CS-4	J₂q	nC₂₁	1.16	1.37	4.78	0.91	6.97	7.61	0.44	0.59	0.63	0.50	0.41	0.30
CS-5	J₂q	nC₁₆	1.07	1.51	3.65	1.00	5.19	5.67	0.48	0.58	0.21	1.07	0.54	0.35
CS-6	J₂q	nC₂₁	1.08	1.25	3.05	0.85	5.24	6.95	0.49	0.58	0.17	0.99	0.54	0.36
MH-1	J₂y	nC₁₉	1.03	2.09	6.71	2.13	5.32	2.55	0.68	0.58	0.29	1.44	0.41	0.39
MH-2	J₂y	nC₁₇	1.05	4.23	26.74	1.95	3.28	1.87	0.68	0.58	0.27	1.34	0.46	0.42
MH-3	J₂y	nC₁₉	1.03	1.48	3.98	2.45	4.40	1.81	0.50	0.59	0.31	1.10	0.41	0.46
MH-4	J₂y	nC₂₁	1.02	1.39	5.08	3.35	2.87	2.23	0.59	0.57	0.15	1.33	0.36	0.21
MH-5	J₂y	nC₂₃	1.44	0.80	4.55	3.82	1.60	0.33	0.87	0.57	0.04	0.66	0.44	0.39
MH-6	J₂y	nC₂₅	1.20	0.42	1.08	3.18	1.86	0.41	0.90	0.58	0.08	0.98	0.48	0.38
MH-7	J₂y	nC₂₃	1.25	0.46	1.02	3.11	1.81	0.47	0.13	0.58	0.11	0.55	0.43	0.39
MH-8	J₂y	nC₂₃	1.45	0.65	4.06	3.62	1.04	0.21	0.08	0.58	0.09	0.55	0.44	0.30

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潮水盆地和民和盆地中侏罗统青土井组煤系烃源岩有机地球化学特征及其意义

Organic geochemical characteristics of Qingtujing Formation coal⁃measure source rocks in the Chaoshui Basin and Minhe Basin, and their hydrocarbon⁃generation significances

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