天然气地球科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (12): 1782–1793.doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2019.09.009

• 非常规天然气 • 上一篇    

川东北地区自流井组陆相页岩岩相类型及储层发育特征

曹香妮1,2(),姜振学1,2(),朱德宇1,2,仇恒远1,2,陈磊1,2,罗东东1,2,双子俊1,2,李维邦1,2   

  1. 1. 油气资源与探测国家重点实验室,北京 102249
    2. 中国石油大学(北京)非常规油气科学技术研究院,北京 102249
  • 收稿日期:2019-07-04 修回日期:2019-09-28 出版日期:2019-12-10 发布日期:2020-03-25
  • 通讯作者: 姜振学 E-mail:sunny_cao1995@163.com;jiangzx@cup.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:曹香妮(1995-),女,陕西西安人,硕士研究生,主要从事非常规油气形成与分布研究. E-mail:sunny_cao1995@163.com.
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技重大专项(2016ZX05034-001);国家自然科学基金(编号41872135)联合资助

Lithofacies types and reservoir characteristics of continental shales of Ziliujing Formation in northeastern Sichuan Basin

Xiang-ni Cao1,2(),Zhen-xue Jiang1,2(),De-yu Zhu1,2,Heng-yuan Qiu1,2,Lei Chen1,2,Dong-dong Luo1,2,Zi-jun Shuang1,2,Wei-bang Li1,2   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting,Beijing 102249,China
    2. University of China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,China
  • Received:2019-07-04 Revised:2019-09-28 Online:2019-12-10 Published:2020-03-25
  • Contact: Zhen-xue Jiang E-mail:sunny_cao1995@163.com;jiangzx@cup.edu.cn

摘要:

中国陆相页岩气资源潜力巨大,其中川东北部分地区下侏罗统获得了工业性页岩气流。开展页岩岩相划分与储层特征的研究有利于进一步勘探开发陆相页岩气。通过XRD、普通薄片、扫描电镜、高压压汞、N2吸附及CO2吸附等实验方法对川东北地区自流井组陆相页岩进行精细研究。以有机质丰度及矿物组成为分类参数将页岩分为12种不同岩相,查明了自流井组页岩主要发育4种岩相,即贫有机质硅质页岩(Ⅰ3)、含有机质混合质页岩(Ⅳ2)、含有机质硅质页岩(Ⅰ2)与富有机质黏土质页岩(Ⅱ1)。不同岩相的页岩储层特征存在较大差异,富有机质黏土质页岩有机质含量大于2%,生烃潜力最好,有机质孔及黏土矿物晶间孔之间连通性较好且比表面积较大,发育的纹层状构造有利于工业压裂,为最优陆相页岩岩相,是最有利的陆相页岩气勘探开发目标;含有机质混合质页岩(Ⅳ2)有机质含量大于1%,孔体积较高,储气能力较好,且发育有利于压裂的层状构造,为良好陆相页岩岩相,是较有利的勘探开发目标;而贫有机质硅质页岩(Ⅰ3)与含有机质硅质页岩(Ⅰ2)则具块状特征,孔体积与比表面积均较低,为较差陆相页岩岩相,是最不利的勘探开发目标。

关键词: 川东北地区, 陆相页岩气, 自流井组, 页岩岩相, 储层特征

Abstract:

The potential of continental shale gas resources in China is abundant and the industrial shale gas has been obtained in shale reservoir in the Lower Jurassic of northeastern Sichuan Basin. The types of lithofacies and reservoir characteristics are essential to exploration and development of continental shale gas. Based on the experiments of XRD, analytical data of ordinary thin section, scanning electron microscope, high pressure mercury pressure, N2 adsorption and CO2 adsorption, a study on the continental shale of Ziliujing Formation in northeastern Sichuan Basin is carried out. According to the total organic matter content and mineral composition as classification parameters, the shale is divided into 12 different lithofacies. Four kinds of lithofacies are developed in Ziliujing Formation, which are organic-poor siliceous shale(Ⅰ3), organic-fair mixed shale(Ⅳ2), organic-fair siliceous shale(Ⅰ2) and organic-rich argillaceous shale(Ⅱ1). The reservoir characteristics of different lithofacies are quite different. The total organic matter content of Ⅱ1 is more than 2%, and the hydrocarbon generation potential is the best. The pores of organic matter and clay minerals have good connectivity and large specific surface area, and the Ⅱ1 developed laminar structure which is favorable for artificial fracturing. The organic matter content of Ⅳ2 is more than 1%. The Ⅳ2 developed high pore volume and the layered structure. However, the Ⅰ3 and the Ⅰ2 have the characteristics of massive, and developed low pore volume and specific surface area.

Key words: Northeastern Sichuan Basin, Continental shale gas, Ziliujing Formation, Lithofacies, Reservoir characteristics

中图分类号: 

  • TE121.3

图1

川东北地区区域地质背景(a)与自流井组地层综合柱状图(b)(据倪超等[15]修改)"

表1

自流井组页岩样品地球化学及岩石学测试结果"

层位TOC/%RO/%有机质类型全岩矿物百分数/%
石英长石碳酸盐矿物菱铁矿黄铁矿黏土矿物
大安寨段0.47~2.441.0521.39~1.461.425119.3~63.240.541.1~11.55.970~50.216.130~17.71.180~6.21.3622.6~47.834.82
东岳庙段0.09~3.101.5711.65~1.731.6831、Ⅱ229.1~74.349.131~3.82.320~2.40.400~18.74.23/24.7~65.543.93

图2

川东北地区自流井组页岩全岩矿物分析"

图3

川东北地区自流井组页岩的矿物组分三角图和TOC含量"

图4

川东北地区自流井组页岩的岩心特征(a)元陆4井大安寨段,灰色泥岩、灰褐色介屑灰岩,块状构造,埋深3 745.38~3 746.56m;(b)元陆4井大安寨段,灰褐色含生屑页岩与灰色泥页岩互层,层状构造,埋深3 757.01~3 759m;(c)元陆4井大安寨段,灰黑色泥页岩,块状构造,埋深3 787.77~3 789.52m;(d)元陆4井东岳庙段,灰黑色泥页岩,纹层状构造,埋深3 996.15~3 997.77m"

图5

川东北地区自流井组页岩镜下薄片特征(a)元陆4井大安寨段,贫有机质硅质页岩,可见石英条带,埋深3 745.38~3 746.56m;(b)元陆4井大安寨段,含有机质混合质页岩,层状构造,埋深3 757.01~3 759m;(c)元陆4井大安寨段,含有机质硅质页岩,纹层构造不明显,埋深3 787.77~3 789.52m;(d)元陆4井东岳庙段,富有机质黏土质页岩,可见纹层发育,埋深3 996.15~3 997.77m"

图6

川东北地区自流井组页岩SEM照片(a)含有机质混合质页岩,不同矿物组成孔隙发育差异较大,埋深3 754.39m;(b)含有机质混合质页岩,黄铁矿被黏土矿物包裹,埋深3 754.39m;(c)含有机质混合质页岩,有机质周围发育一些溶蚀孔隙,埋深3 754.39m;(d)含有机质硅质页岩,有机质呈层状,埋深3 758.74m;(e)含有机质硅质页岩,黄铁矿支撑,黏土矿物晶间孔发育,埋深3 758.74m;(f)含有机质硅质页岩,椭圆状溶蚀孔隙,埋深3 758.74m;(g)富有机质黏土质页岩,发育不规则有机质孔隙,埋深4 053.22m;(h)富有机质黏土质页岩,有机质周围发育溶蚀孔隙,埋深4 053.22m;(i)富有机质黏土质页岩,有机质孔隙与黏土矿物晶间孔较为发育,埋深4 053.22m"

图7

川东北地区自流井组不同岩相孔体积与比表面积分布(据姜振学等[23]修改)"

图8

自流井组不同岩相平均孔体积与孔比表面积"

图9

川东北地区自流井组大安寨段页岩岩相及储层综合柱状图"

表2

自流井组陆相页岩不同岩相储层特征对比"

岩相类型TOC/%构造特征孔体积/(cm3/g)比表面积/(m2/g)评价结果
贫有机质硅质页岩(Ⅰ3<1块状0.02112.28
含有机质混合质页岩(Ⅳ21~2层状0.02512.86良好
含有机质硅质页岩(Ⅰ21~2块状0.01812.21中等
富有机质黏土质页岩(Ⅱ1>2纹层状0.01920.82
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