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天然气地球科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (2): 250–257.doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2019.09.003

• 天然气地球化学 • 上一篇    下一篇

准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组页岩油偏稠成因分析

李二庭1,2(),向宝力1,2,刘向军1,2,周妮1,2,潘长春3,迪丽达尔·肉孜null1,2,米巨磊1,2   

  1. 1.中国石油新疆油田分公司实验检测研究院，新疆 克拉玛依 834000
    2.新疆砾岩油藏实验室，新疆 克拉玛依 834000
    3.中国科学院广州地球化学研究所，广东 广州 510640
  • 收稿日期:2019-07-26 修回日期:2019-09-03 出版日期:2020-02-10 发布日期:2020-02-28
  • 作者简介:李二庭（1988-），男，安徽宿州人，高级工程师，博士，主要从事油气地球化学研究.E-mail：lierting@petrochina.com.cn.

Study on the genesis of shale oil thickening in Lucaogou Formation in Jimsar Sag,Junggar Basin

Er-ting LI1,2(),Bao-li XIANG1,2,Xiang-jun LIU1,2,Ni ZHOU1,2,Chang-chun PAN3, Dilidaer·Rouzi1,2,Ju-lei MI1,2   

  1. 1.Research Institute of Experiment and Testing, Xinjiang Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Karamay 834000, China
    2.Xinjiang Laboratory of Petroleum Reserve in Conglomerate, Karamay 834000, China
    3.State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
  • Received:2019-07-26 Revised:2019-09-03 Online:2020-02-10 Published:2020-02-28

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摘要：

通过研究吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组烃源岩母质组成、烃源岩生烃及热演化特征、成藏模式、原油次生作用，揭示了该区页岩油整体偏稠以及纵、横向原油性质差异的原因。结果表明，吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组页岩油未遭受生物降解，其油质偏稠的原因主要是：①芦草沟组烃源岩中无定形体、藻类等有机质十分丰富，在咸水环境下生成的原油中异构烷烃、环烷烃含量相对较高，油质相对偏稠，“下甜点”烃源岩比“上甜点”烃源岩处于咸化的更强还原环境，藻类等水生生物更发育，是造成纵向上“下甜点”页岩油较“上甜点”页岩油更稠的主要原因；②芦草沟组烃源岩有机质类型好、早期生烃，在低成熟阶段（0.5%<EASY%RO<0.8%）开始大量生烃，形成大规模低成熟页岩油，胶质和沥青质含量高，造成页岩油偏稠，“下甜点”页岩油黏度随着成熟度指标C29 αββ/(ααα+αββ)值减小逐渐增大，其横向上原油黏度分布差异受控于烃源岩成熟度演化；③芦草沟组储层可溶有机质生物标志物分布特征与其邻近烃源岩生物标志物分布特征相似，反映了芦草沟组页岩油存在近距离运移的特征，形成了源储共生型的页岩油藏，页岩油中的胶质和沥青质未被地层吸附而保留在页岩油中，造成研究区页岩油偏稠。

关键词: 页岩油, 吉木萨尔凹陷, 芦草沟组, 偏稠

Abstract:

By studying parent material composition of source rock, hydrocarbon generation and thermal evolution characteristics of source rock, hydrocarbon accumulation model and secondary oil production of oil in Lucaogou Formation in Jimsar Sag, Junggar Basin, this paper reveals reasons for the overall thickening of shale oil and the difference in longitudinal and lateral distribution of crude oil properties. The results show that shale oil in Lucaogou Formation in Jimsar Sag has not suffered from biodegradation, and the reasons for oil thickening are mainly: (1) Source rocks of Lucaogou Formation are rich in amorphous bodies and algae, and crude oils produced by such source rocks in saline water environment has a relatively high content of isoparaffins and naphthenes. The oil is relatively thick. “Low dessert” source rock is in a more salinized and more reducing environment than “top dessert” source rock, aquatic organisms such as algae are more developed, which is the main reason for “low dessert” shale oil thicker than “top dessert” shale oil. (2) Source rocks of Lucaogou Formation are characterized by good organic matter types and early hydrocarbon generation. At low maturation stage (0.5%<EASY%RO<0.8%), large amount of hydrocarbons are produced and formed large-scale low-mature shale oil, which generated more colloid and asphaltenes and caused shale oil to be thicker. Viscosity of “low dessert” shale oil increases with the decrease of maturity index C29 αββ/(ααα+αββ), indicating that difference in viscosity distribution of crude oil in the lateral direction is controlled by the evolution of source rock maturity. (3) Distribution characteristics of biomarkers in Lucaogou Formation reservoir are similar to those of adjacent source rock, reflecting close migration of shale oil in Lucaogou Formation, forming a source-storage symbiosis type. In shale reservoirs, the shale and asphaltenes are not adsorbed by the formation rocks and remain in shale oil, causing the shale oil to be thicker.

Key words: Shale oil, Jimsar Sag, Lucaogou Formation, Oil thickening

中图分类号: 

  • TE122.1+13

图1

吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组页岩油性质"

表1

准噶尔盆地烃源岩热模拟样品信息"

井号层位TOC/%IH /(mg/g)Tmax/℃
风南1P1f1.82506440
吉23P2l7.76663443
石树1P2p5.01698449
滴9J1b5.68209436

图2

准噶尔盆地不同类型烃源岩生烃特征"

图3

吉木萨尔页岩油成熟度分布(a)及“下甜点”页岩油成熟度与黏度关系(b)"

图4

吉木萨尔凹陷J174井“下甜点”粉砂岩及其邻近泥岩抽提物质量色谱"

图5

吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组烃源岩显微组成特征"

图6

吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组页岩油饱和烃组成特征"

图7

吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组页岩油生物标志物特征"

图8

吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组页岩油及邻区三台油田生物降解油生物标志物特征"

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