张振宇1,2,张立宽1,罗晓容1,曹斌风1,林会喜3,曾治平3,秦峰3,贺文君4,李超1,2,雷裕红1
Zhang Zhen-yu1,2,Zhang Li-kuan1,Luo Xiao-rong1,Cao Bin-feng1,Lin Hui-xi3,Zeng Zhi-ping3,Qin Feng3,He Wen-jun4,Li Chao1,2,Lei Yu-hong1
摘要: 综合利用薄片、扫描电镜、电子探针和X-射线衍射等手段,研究了准噶尔盆地中部永进地区西山窑组砂岩的岩石学特征和成岩特征,讨论了成岩作用对深层储层质量变化的影响和相对优质储层的形成模式。结果表明:西山窑组三角洲前缘亚相砂岩主要是极细粒—中粒岩屑砂岩及长石岩屑砂岩,自生矿物主要是方解石、铁方解石、铁白云石、黏土矿物、硅质及少量沸石类;影响孔隙演化的主要成岩机制包括压实作用,碳酸盐、黏土矿物胶结和溶蚀作用,其中机械压实引起塑性颗粒变形是造成大部分孔隙损失的主要原因,碳酸盐不同程度地充填孔隙也是导致孔隙度降低和非均质性增强的重要原因,绿泥石薄膜可能阻止石英沉淀而保持孔隙,而不稳定颗粒的选择性溶蚀贡献于孔隙的增大;深埋储层的成岩特征很大程度上取决于砂岩粒径和组分,在沉积微相单元内呈现出一定规律性的分布样式,分流河道中下部粒度较粗的砂岩中塑性颗粒含量较低,以压实程度较低、胶结物数量有限、发育绿泥石薄膜和较强的次生溶蚀为特征,形成了相对优质储层。实例研究说明,深层砂岩层内的成岩分布样式受原始沉积作用的制约,这种样式强化了沉积微相和内部结构控制的储层质量变化,因而通过建立沉积与成岩作用的内在关联模式,能够为深埋储层质量预测提供重要的约束。
中图分类号:
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