柴达木盆地基岩油气藏储盖特征及组合方式

doi:10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2018.09.014

天然气地球科学

柴达木盆地基岩油气藏储盖特征及组合方式

孙秀建¹，杨巍¹，白亚东¹，谢梅²，石正灏²

1.中国石油勘探开发研究院西北分院，甘肃兰州 730020；
2.中国石油青海油田分公司勘探开发研究院，甘肃敦煌 736202

收稿日期:2018-07-05 修回日期:2018-10-08 出版日期:2019-02-10
作者简介:孙秀建(1980-)，男，山东济南人，工程师，硕士，主要从事石油地质研究.E-mail：sun_xj@petrochina.com.cn.
基金资助:
国石油天然气股份有限公司重大科技专项“柴达木盆地建设高原大油气田勘探开发关键技术研究与应用”（编号：2016E-01）资助.

Characterization of the reservoir-caprock assemblage of the basement reservoir in the Qaidam Basin,China

Sun Xiu-jian¹,Yang Wei¹,Bai Ya-dong¹,Xie Mei²,Shi Zheng-hao²

1.Research Institute of Exploration and Development-Northwest,PetroChina,Lanzhou 730020,China；
2.Research Institute of Exploration and Development，Qinghai Oilfield Company，PetroChina,Dunhuang 736202,China

Received:2018-07-05 Revised:2018-10-08 Online:2019-02-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基岩油气藏是目前柴达木盆地油气勘探的重点领域，前期勘探程度低，储盖组合认识不清。研究发现，柴达木盆地基岩油气藏主要发育在山前带，基岩储层岩性复杂多样，共钻遇花岗岩和变质岩两大类岩性，储层具有孔隙+裂缝的双重介质储集空间，裂缝以构造裂缝和溶蚀缝为主，孔隙以溶蚀孔隙为主。受沉积环境和干旱气候影响，柴达木盆地基岩发育2种类型盖层：其一是基岩上覆的含膏泥岩、泥岩区域盖层；其二是咸水下渗，方解石和膏岩类胶结于基岩顶部储层的孔隙和裂缝中，形成的顶封式局部盖层。由于构造运动和剥蚀作用的影响，基岩储层和上覆盖层在时间上是不连续的，但在空间上是直接接触，含膏泥岩和泥岩盖层直接覆盖在基岩层之上，储盖组合配置好，形成大范围的面—面接触，对油气起到良好的遮挡作用。

关键词: 基岩储层, 含膏泥岩盖层, 泥岩盖层, 储盖组合

Abstract: Research on basement hydrocarbon reservoir is a new hot point in the Qaidam Basin now.During the previous oil-natural gas exploration,the scale of oil-gas reservoirs in the basement is underestimated due to the lack of systematic assessment of reservoir-caprock assemblage.The study found that the basement reservoirs in the Qaidam Basin are mainly developed in the piedmont zone.The lithology of the basement reservoirs is complex and diverse,and granite and metamorphic rocks are encountered.The reservoir has a double-medium reservoir space with fractures and pores.The fractures are dominated by structural fractures and dissolution joints,and the pores are dominated by dissolved pores.Influenced by the sedimentary environment and arid climate,the basement reservoirs of the Qaidam Basin develops two types of caprocks,one of which is the anhydrite-bearing mudstone cover and mudstone cover above the basement reservoir,and the other is a top-sealed partial cover which is mainly formed by salty water seepage,leading to calcite and anhydrite filled and cemented in the pores and cracks in the top reservoir of the basement rocks.As being affected by tectonic movement and stratigraphic erosion,the underlying basement rock reservoir and the overlying anhydrite-bearing caprock assemblage are temporally discontinuous,but they contact in direct spatial.The anhydrite-bearing mudstone and mudstone caprocks are directly covered on the basement reservoir,and the reservoir-caprock assemblage is well configured to form a wide range of face-to-face contact,which has a good shielding effect on oil and gas.

Key words: Basement reservoir, Anhydrite-bearing caprock, Mudstone caprock, Reservoir-caprock assemblage

中图分类号:

TE121.1

孙秀建, 杨巍, 白亚东, 谢梅, 石正灏. 柴达木盆地基岩油气藏储盖特征及组合方式[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2019, 30(2): 228–236.

Sun Xiu-jian, Yang Wei, Bai Ya-dong, Xie Mei, Shi Zheng-hao. Characterization of the reservoir-caprock assemblage of the basement reservoir in the Qaidam Basin,China[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2019, 30(2): 228–236.

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