天然气地球科学
高级检索
作者投稿 专家审稿 编辑办公

天然气地球科学

• 天然气地球化学 • 上一篇    下一篇

烃类与非烃综合判识干酪根与原油裂解气

王强1,2，张大勇3，王杰1,2，陶成1,2，腾格尔1,2，刘文汇1,2   

  1. 1.中国石化油气成藏重点实验室，江苏 无锡 214126；
    2.中国石化石油勘探开发研究院无锡石油地质研究所，江苏 无锡 214126；
    3.内蒙古自治区一一五地质矿产勘查开发院，内蒙古 乌兰浩特 137400
  • 收稿日期:2018-04-01 修回日期:2018-08-07 出版日期:2018-09-10 发布日期:2018-09-10
  • 作者简介:王强（1967-），男，浙江宁波人，高级工程师，主要从事有机地球化学研究和仪器研发. E-mail：wangqiang.syky@sinopec.com.
  • 基金资助:
    中国石化股份公司科技部四川重大专项（编号：P16079）;国家自然科学基金项目（编号：U1663201;U1663202;41690133）;国家科技重大专项（编号：2017ZX05005-001）联合资助.

Hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon characteristics for comprehensive identification about kerogen pyrolysis gas and oil cracked gas

Wang Qiang1,2,Zhang Da-yong3,Wang Jie1,2,Tao Cheng1,2,Tenger1,2,Liu Wen-hui1,2
  

  1. 1.SINOPEC Key Laboratory of Petroleum Accumulation Mechanism,Wuxi 214126,China;
    2.Wuxi Institute of Petroleum Geology,SINOPEC,Wuxi 214126,China;
    3.115 Geological Mineral Exploration and Development Institute of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Ulan Hot 137400,China
  • Received:2018-04-01 Revised:2018-08-07 Online:2018-09-10 Published:2018-09-10

PDF (PC)

289

摘要： 在天然气成因类型研究中，如何有效识别干酪根与原油裂解气一直是一个难题。选取不同类型干酪根、不同性质原油开展半封闭—半开放体系的热压生排烃模拟实验及其产物的地球化学分析研究，并对典型的干酪根、原油裂解气（田）进行了地球化学统计和比对。研究表明，干酪根热解气与原油裂解气中烷烃组分及其碳同位素组成显示相似的演化特征，Ln(C2/C3)值均呈早期近似水平和晚期近似垂向变化特征，在高过成熟阶段Ln(C2/C3)值与δ13C2-δ13C3差值具有快速增大的趋势，二者趋同性变化特征指示了生气母质的高温裂解过程，但这些指标不是干酪根与原油裂解气的判识标志，提出天然气中烷烃分子及同位素组成的有机组合是判断有机质（干酪根、原油）高温裂解气的可靠指标，却并不能直接识别干酪根热解气或原油裂解气；非烃组分的演化特征具有明显的差异性，干酪根热解气以高含氮气(N2)为主，原油裂解气往往高含硫化氢(H2 S)， N2、H2 S含量作为一项重要指标可以与烷烃气同位素组成相结合有效区别干酪根与原油裂解气，分析结果与四川盆地、塔里木盆地不同油气田的地质实际相吻合。天然气中烃类和非烃组成的综合分析为有效判断干酪根与原油裂解气提供了新的途径。

关键词: 干酪根, 原油, 裂解气, 烷烃, 非烃, 判识指标

Abstract:

How to effectively identify between kerogen pyrolysis gas and oil cracked gas is always a puzzle in the genetic study of natural gas from marine strata.The hydrocarbon generation and expulsion experiments of different types of kerogen and oil were carried out in a semi-closed and semi-opened system.The simulating products were analyzed and typical cracked gases of kerogen and oil were compared.It indicates that hydrocarbon components and carbon isotope compositions of kerogen and oil cracked gas show similar characteristics,namely Ln(C2/C3)changing rules occur approximately horizontal in early thermal evolution and vertical in late evolution.In the high-over thermal evolution stage, Ln(C2/C3)  values andδ13C2-δ13C3 values show rapid enlargement.This denotes the high thermal cracking process of source rocks,which is not an identifying sign about kerogen pyrolysis gas and oil cracked gas.The hydrocarbon composition and isotope compositions of natural gas are effective indicators to identify cracked gas in high thermal evolution,but are not a direct distinguishing index between kerogen pyrolysis gas and oil cracked gas.The evolutionary characteristics of non-hydrocarbon of kerogen pyrolysis gas and oil cracked gas indicate obvious difference,namely high nitrogen are predominant in kerogen pyrolysis gas and high hydrogen sulfide always occurs in oil cracked gas.So nitrogen and hydrogen sulfide abundance combed with hydrocarbon gas isotope composition can be important indicators to distinguish between kerogen pyrolysis gas and oil cracked gas.The above cognitions are coincided with geological reality of the gas field in Sichuan Basin and Tarim Basin.The synthesized analysis on hydrocarbons and non-hydrocarbons of natural gas obtains a new method to effectively distinguish kerogen pyrolysis gas from oil cracked gas.

Key words: Kerogen, Oil, Cracked gas, Hydrocarbon gas, Non-hydrocarbon gases, Distinguishing indicator

中图分类号: 

  • TE122.1+13

［1］Fu Jiamo,Jia Rongfen,Liu Dehan,et al.Organic Geochemistry of Carbonate Rocks[M].Beijing:Science Publishing House,1989:77-90.
傅家谟,贾蓉芬,刘德汉,等.碳酸岩有机地球化学[M].北京:科学出版社,1989:77-90.
[2]Dai Jinxing,Pei Xigu,Qi Houfa.Natural Gas Geology of China[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1992.
戴金星,裴锡古,戚厚发.中国天然气地质学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1992.
[3]Behar F,Kressmann S,Rudkiewicz J L,et al.Experimental simulation in a confined system and kinetic modeling of kerogen and oil cracking[J].Organic Geochemistry,1992,19(1-3):173-189.
[4]Behar F,Vandenbroucke M,Tang Y,et al.Thermal cracking of kerogen in open and closed systems:Determination of kinetic parameters and stoichiometric coefficients for oil and gas generation[J].Organic Geochemistry,1997,26(5/6):321-339.
[5]Xu Yongchang.Natural Gas Genesis Theory and Its Application[M].Beijing:Science Publishing House,1994.
徐永昌.天然气成因理论及应用[M].北京:科学出版社,1994.
[6]Prinzhofer A A,Huc A Y.Genetic and post-genetic molecular and isotopic fractionations in natural gases[J].Chemical Geology,1995:126(3):281-290.
[7]Mango F D.Methane concentrations in natural gas:The genetic implications[J].Organic Geochemistry,2001,32(10):1283-1287.
[8]Hill R J,Tang Y C,Kaplan I R.Insights into oil cracking based on laboratory experiments[J].Organic Geochemistry,2003,34(12):1651-1672.
[9]Hu Guoyi,Xiao Zhongyao,Luo Xia,et al.Light hydrocarbon composition difference between two kinds of cracked gases and its application[J].Natural Gas Industry,2005,25(9):23-25.
胡国艺，肖中尧，罗霞，等.两种裂解气中轻烃组成差异性及其应用[J].天然气工业，2005，25（9）：23-25.
[10]Tian Hui,Wang Zhaomin,Xiao Zhongyao,et al.Oil cracking to gases:Kinetic modeling and geological significance[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2006,51(15):1821-1827.
田辉,王招明,肖中尧,等.原油裂解成气动力学模拟及其意义[J].科学通报,2006,51(15):1821-1827.
[11]Tian Hui,Xiao Xianming,Yang Liguo,et al.Pyrolysis of oil at high temperatures:Gas potentials,chemical and carbon isotopic signatures[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2009,54(6):781-786.田辉，肖贤明，杨立国，等.原油高温裂解生气潜力与气体特征[J].科学通报,2009,54(6):781-786.
[12]Zhao Wenzhi,Wang Zhaoyun,Zhang Shuichang,et al.Cracking conditions of crude oil under different geological environments[J].Science in China:Series D,2007,37(supplement 2):63-68.
赵文智,王兆云,张水昌,等.不同地质环境下原油裂解生气条件[J].中国科学:D辑,2007,37(增刊2):63-68.
[13]Wang Yunpeng,Tian Jing.Review of oil cracked gas formation,identification and migration[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2007,18(2):235-244.
王云鹏,田静.原油裂解气的形成、鉴别与运移研究综述[J].天然气地球科学,2007,18(2):235-244.
[14]Zhang Min,Huang Guanghui,Hu Guoyi,et al.Geochemical study on oil-cracked gases and kerogen-cracked gases:Simulation experiments and product analysis[J].Science in China:Series:Series D,2008,38(supplement 2):1-8.
张敏,黄光辉,胡国艺,等.原油裂解气和干酪根热解气的地球化学研究(Ⅰ)——模拟实验和产物分析[J].中国科学:D辑,2008,38(增刊2):1-8.
[15]Liu Dehan,Xiao Xianming,Tian Hui,et al.Identification of natural gas origin using the characteristics of bitumen and fluid inclusion[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2009,36(3):375-382.
刘德汉,肖贤明,田辉,等.应用储层流体包裹体和沥青特征判别天然气的成因[J].石油勘探与开发,2009,36(3):375-382.
[16]Zhao Mengjun,Zeng Fangang,Qin Shengfeng,et al.Two pyrolytic gases found and proved in Tarim Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2001,21(1):35-39.
赵孟军，曾凡刚，秦胜飞，等.塔里木发现和证实两种裂解气[J].天然气工业,2001;21(1):35-39.
[17]Wang Hongjun,Zhou Xingxi.Formation modes of typical marine origin gas pools in Tarim Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2001,22(1):14-18.
王红军,周兴熙.塔里木盆地典型海相成因天然气气藏成藏模式[J].石油学报,2001,22(1):14-18.
[18]Yin Changhe,Wang Tingdong,Wang Shunyu,et al.Differences between kerogen-and oil-cracked gases in Sichuan Reservoirs of Weiyuan and Ziyang area[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2001,19(1):156-160.
尹长河，王廷栋，王顺玉，等.威远、资阳震旦系干酪根与油裂解气的鉴别[J].沉积学报，2001，19(1):156-160.
[19]Zhang Shuichang,Zhao Wenzhi,Wang Feiyu,et al.Paleozoic oil cracking gas accumulation history from eastern part of the Tarim Basin:A case study of the Yingnan 2 gas reservoir[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2004,15(5):442-451.
张水昌，赵文智，王飞宇，等.塔里木盆地东部地区古生界原油裂解气成藏历史分析——以英南2 气藏为例[J].天然气地球科学，2004,15（5）:442-451.
[20]Li Yanxia.Identification of oil-cracking gas and kerogen-cracking gas[J].Journal of Xi’an Shiyou University:Natural Science Edition,2008,23(6):42-50.
李艳霞.原油裂解气和干酪根裂解气的判识[J].西安石油大学学报:自然科学版，2008，23（6）：42-50.
[21]Ma Yongsheng,Guo Xusheng,Guo Tonglou,et al.Discovery of the large scale Puguang Gas Field in the Sichuan Basin and its enlightenment for hydrocarbon prospecting[J].Geological Review,2005,51(4):477-480.
马永生，郭旭升，郭彤楼，等.四川盆地普光大型气田的发现与勘探启示[J].地质论评,2005,51(4):477-480.
[22]Liu Wenhui,Tenger,Gao Bo,et al.H2S formation and enrichment mechanism in medium to large scale natural gas fields(reservoirs) in Sichuan Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2010,37(5):513-522.
刘文汇，腾格尔，高波，等.四川盆地大中型天然气田(藏) 中H2S 形成及富集机制[J].石油勘探与开发，2010，37（5）：513-522.
[23]Liu Wenhui,Luo Houyong,Tenger,et al.Simulation experiments on crude oil cracking and carbon isotopic evolution in carbonate reservoirs[J].Oil and Gas Geology,2016,37（5）:627-633.
刘文汇，罗厚勇，腾格尔，等.碳酸盐岩储层中原油裂解及碳同位素演化模拟实验[J].石油与天然气地质，2016，37（5）：627-633.
[24]Guo Tonglou.Basic characteristics of deep reef-bank reservoirs and major controlling factors of gas pools in the Yuanba Gas Field[J].Natural Gas Industry,2011,31（10）：12-16.
郭彤楼．元坝深层礁滩气田基本特征与成藏主控因素[J]．天然气工业，2011，31（10）：12-16.
[25]Tenger,Liu Wenhui,Qin Jianzhong,et al.Dynamic transformation mechanism for hydrocarbon generation from multiple sources in deep-buried marine carbonates in the northeastern Sichuan Basin:A case study from the Puguang Gasfield[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2012,8(3)：895-904.
腾格尔，刘文汇，秦建中，等.川东北地区海相深层多源生烃动态转化机制——以普光气田为例[J].岩石学报，2012，8(3)：895-904.
[26]Zheng Lunju,Qin Jianzhong,He Sheng,et al.Preliminary study of formation porosity thermocompression simulation experiment of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion[J].Petroleum Geology and Experiment,2009,31(3):296-302.
郑伦举，秦建中，何生，等．地层孔隙热压生排烃模拟实验初步研究［J］．石油实验地质，2009，31(3) ：296-302．
[27]Chen Jianfa,Zhu Yuenian.The origin of molecular nitrogen in natural gas and geochemical characteristics of molecular nitrogen in natural gas from east part of Tarim Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2003,14(3):172-176.
陈践发，朱岳年.天然气中氮的来源及塔里木盆地东部天然气中氮的地球化学学特征[J].天然气地球科学，2003，14(3)：172-176.
[28]Zhu Guangyou,Fei Anguo,Zhao Jie,et al.Sulfur isotopic fractionation and mechanism for thermochemical sulfate reduction genetic H2S[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2014,30(12):3772-3786.
朱光有，费安国，赵杰，等.TSR成因H2S的硫同位素分馏特征与机制[J].岩石学报，2014，30(12)：3772-3786.
[29]Chen Jianfa,Xu Xuemin,Shi Shengbao.Geochemical characteristics of nitrogen isotope of crude oils in different depositional environments[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum:Edition of Natural Science,2015,39(5):1-6.
陈践发，徐学敏，师生宝.不同沉积环境下原油氮同位素的地球化学特征[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版，2015，39(5)：1-6.
[30]Zheng Bing,Tenger,Zhang Jianyong,et al.Origin of H2S from TSR and TDR reaction in oil/gas reservoirs in the Feixianguan Formation,the northeastern Sichuan Basin[J].Oil and Gas Geology,2010,31(6):847-856.
郑冰，腾格尔，张建勇，等.川东北地区飞仙关组油气藏H2S由TSR和TDR两种方式形成[J].石油与天然气地质，2010，31(6)：847-856．
[31]Liu Wenhui,Tenger,Zhang Zhongning,et al.An isotope study of the accumulation mechanisms of high-sulfur gas from the Sichuan Basin,southwestern China[J].Scientia Sinica:Terrae,2016,47(2):166-178.
刘文汇，腾格尔，张中宁，等.四川盆地高硫天然气成藏机理的同位素研究[J].中国科学:地球科学，2017，47（2）:166-178.
[1] 刘如红, 李剑, 肖中尧, 李谨 , 张海祖, 卢玉红, 张宝收, 马卫, 李德江, 刘满仓. 塔里木盆地库车坳陷吐格尔明地区油气地球化学特征及烃源探讨[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2019, 30(4): 574-581.
[2] 康广星, 徐学敏, 汪双清, 杨佳佳, 孙玮琳, 沈斌, 秦婧, 芦苒, 张小涛, 郭望. 古生界干酪根热演化模拟实验[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2019, 30(4): 593-602.
[3] 李梦茹, 唐友军, 刘岩, 胡辉, 贺其川. 江陵凹陷不同地区原油地球化学特征及油源对比[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(9): 1240-1251.
[4] 王朋飞,姜振学,吕鹏,金璨,李鑫,黄璞. 重庆周缘下志留统龙马溪组和下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩有机质孔隙发育及演化特征[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(7): 997-1008.
[5] 裴立新，刚文哲，朱传真，刘亚洲，何文军，向宝力，董岩. 准噶尔盆地烷烃气碳同位素组成及来源[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(7): 1020-1030.
[6] 沈安江，付小东，张友，郑兴平，刘伟，邵冠铭,曹彦清. 塔里木盆地塔东地区震旦系—下古生界碳酸盐岩油气生储条件与勘探领域[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(1): 1-16.
[7] 陈燕燕，胡素云，李建忠，王铜山， 陶小晚. 原油裂解过程中组分演化模型及金刚烷类化合物的地球化学特征[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(1): 114-121.
[8] 陈双，黄海平,张博原，谢增业. 原油及源内残余沥青裂解成气差异及地质意义[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2017, 28(9): 1375-1384.
[9] 王钊，周新平，李树同，李士祥,邱军利，张文选,王琪. 鄂尔多斯盆地吴起地区长9段和长10段原油地球化学特征对比[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2017, 28(9): 1385-1395.
[10] 纪红，黄光辉，成定树，许姗姗. 塔里木盆地库车坳陷大宛齐—大北地区原油轻烃特征及地球化学意义[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2017, 28(6): 965-974.
[11] 包建平，何丹，朱翠山，刘玉瑞，王文军，刘宏宇. 北部湾盆地迈陈凹陷徐闻X3井原油地球化学特征及其成因[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2017, 28(5): 665-676.
[12] 刘岩，杨池银，肖敦清，廖前进，周立宏，于学敏，国建英，蒲秀刚，姜文亚，邹磊落，聂国振，刘庆新，滑双君. 裂陷湖盆深层烃类赋存相态极限的动力学过程分析——以渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷为例[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2017, 28(5): 703-712.
[13] 陈杰，张剑，方杰. 阿联酋二叠系Khuff组气藏成藏模式与成藏过程分析[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2017, 28(4): 521-528.
[14] 马安来，金之钧，朱翠山. 塔里木盆地塔河油田奥陶系原油成熟度及裂解程度研究[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2017, 28(2): 313-323.
[15] 付德亮，周世新，李靖，李源遽，马瑜. 原油裂解动力学及其相变特征和意义——以柴达木盆地北缘伊深1井为例[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2016, 27(8): 1500-1508.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
[1] 旷理雄,郭建华,王英明,冯永宏,李广才 . 柴窝堡凹陷达坂城次凹油气成藏条件及勘探方向[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2005, 16(1): 20 -24 .
[2] 邵荣;叶加仁;陈章玉;. 流体包裹体在断陷盆地含油气系统研究中的应用概述[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2000, 11(6): 11 -14 .
[3] 马立祥;. 断层封闭性研究在烃类聚集系统分析中的意义[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2000, 11(3): 1 -8 .
[4] 廖成君. VSP技术在锦612复杂断块油藏开发部署研究中的应用[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2005, 16(1): 117 -122 .
[5] 马立祥. 岩石物理流动单元的概念及其研究现状[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2000, 11(2): 30 -36 .
[6] 周世新;邹红亮;解启来;贾星亮;. 沉积盆地油气形成过程中有机-无机相互作用[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2006, 17(1): 42 -47 .
[7] 曹华;龚晶晶;汪贵锋;. 超压的成因及其与油气成藏的关系[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2006, 17(3): 422 -425 .
[8] 李在光;杨占龙;李琳;郭精义;黄云峰;吴青鹏;李红哲;. 胜北地区油气分布规律[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2006, 17(1): 94 -96 .
[9] 张宝,包建平,江凤梅. 三塘湖盆地侏罗系煤岩倾油倾气性探讨[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2006, 17(2): 183 -186 .
[10] 尹太举,张昌民,王寿平,李中超 . 濮53块开发概念模拟[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2006, 17(2): 201 -205 .