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天然气地球科学

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致密砂岩气藏压裂伤害及对策——以川西坳陷ZH构造JS12气藏为例

黄禹忠，刁素，栗铁峰，何红梅   

  1. 中国石化西南油气分公司石油工程技术研究院，四川 德阳 618000
  • 收稿日期:2017-10-16 修回日期:2018-02-21 出版日期:2018-04-10 发布日期:2018-04-10
  • 作者简介:黄禹忠 (1972-)，男，四川荣县人，高级工程师，硕士，主要从事储层改造设计、研究及现场工作.E-mail：huangyuzhong@126.com.
  • 基金资助:

    国家科技重大专项“大型油气田及煤层气开发”(编号：2016ZX05048)子课题“薄层窄河道致密砂岩气藏水平井压裂关键技术”(编号：2016ZX05048004-003)资助.

Harm and countermeasure of tight sandstone gas reservoir fracturing：A case study of ZH structure JS12  gas reservoir，Western Sichuan Depression

Huang Yu-zhong，Diao Su，Li Tie-feng，He Hong-mei   

  1. Petroleum Engineering Technology Research Institute，Southwest Oil & Gas Branch Company，SINOPEC，Deyang 618000，China
  • Received:2017-10-16 Revised:2018-02-21 Online:2018-04-10 Published:2018-04-10

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摘要：

为提高致密砂岩气藏压后效果，以四川盆地川西坳陷ZH构造沙溪庙组JS12气藏为例，采用电镜扫描、恒速压汞等实验方法研究了储层微观结构，评价了储层敏感性及水锁伤害。该气藏黏土矿物含量高(平均为14.4％)，易于膨胀和运移的伊/蒙混层和伊利石占比大；平均孔喉半径值为0.26μm，连通性不佳，且束缚水饱和度高。储层具有强水敏、易水锁的特征。盐敏实验表明压裂液矿化度低于22 500mg/L会产生盐敏伤害，调整防膨剂加量，压裂液伤害率从39.5%下降至28.5%。对比了前期压裂液与防膨降水锁压裂液体系在束缚水饱和度下的水锁伤害，伤害率从58%降至42%，气驱岩心24h，渗透率恢复率达75.5%(前期配方仅为22.7%)。针对该类储层，提出了少液量、全程液氮伴注降滤助排、提高返排压差的压裂液快进快出工艺对策。针对性压裂液体系及工艺措施在JS203-3HF和JS203-4HF 2口水平井应用，压后分别在油压16.2MPa、19.8MPa下获测试天然气产量17.1×104m3/d、20.760 8×104m3/d(同河道邻井压后油压16.3MPa下测试气产量仅为3.845 8×104m3/d)，远超地质预期。研究为高效开发该气藏提供了技术支撑。

关键词: 致密砂岩气藏, 强水敏, 水锁, 工艺对策, 现场应用

Abstract:

In order to improve the post-compression effect of tight sandstone gas reservoirs，taking Shaxi Temple Formation JS12 gas reservoir in the ZH structure of Western Sichuan Depression as an example，the microstructure of the reservoir is studied by means of electron microscopy and constant speed mercury pressure testing，and the sensitivity of the reservoir and the damage of water lock are evaluated.The gas reservoir has the advantages of easy expansion and migration，because of high content of clay (average 14.4%)，illite mixed layer and illite.The average pore throat radius of the reservoir is 0.26 micron，and the connectivity is poor and the irreducible water saturation is high.The reservoir is characterized by strong water sensitivity and easy water locking.The salinity of fracture fluid is less than  22 500mg/L，which can cause salt sensitive damage.The damage rate of fracturing fluid can be reduced from 39.5% to 28.5%.The water lock damage of the pre-fracturing fluid and the anti-expansion precipitation lock fracturing fluid system under the bound water saturation is compared，and the damage rate is reduced from 58% to 42%，and the recovery rate of 24h permeability of the gas drive core is 75.5% (prophase formula only 22.7%).The countermeasures of fast fracturing and quick release of fracturing fluid are put forward，including the use of less liquid volume，the whole liquid nitrogen injection，the drainage aid and the improvement of flow back pressure.This set of fracturing fluid system and technological measures have been applied in JS203-3HF and JS203-4HF two horizontal wells，with test production of 17.1×104m3/d  and 20.760 8×104m3/d  at 19.8MPa and 16.2MPa，respectively(with hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic channel of adjacent well gas test production of 3.845 8×104m3/d  in 16.3MPa)，far exceeding the expectations of geology.The research results had provided technical support for the high efficient development of the gas reservoir.

Key words: Dense sandstone gas reservoir, Strong water sensitivity, Water locking, Technological countermeasures, Field application

中图分类号: 

  • TE357

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