天然气地球科学

• 天然气地质学 • 上一篇    下一篇

珠江口盆地白云凹陷伸展拆离断层系及构造演化

纪沫,杨海长,曾清波,赵钊,王龙颖,孙钰皓   

  1. 中海油研究总院,北京 100028
  • 收稿日期:2017-06-09 修回日期:2017-08-01 出版日期:2017-10-10 发布日期:2017-10-10
  • 作者简介:纪沫(1982-),女,河北廊坊人,高级工程师,博士,主要从事南海北部深水区构造地质研究.E-mail:jimo@cnooc.com.cn.
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(编号:91528303);国家重大科技专项(编号:2016ZX05026007);南海北部深水区天然气资源战略调查及评价项目(编号:XQ-2004-05;XQ-2007-05)联合资助.

Structural analysis and its petroleum significance of detachment faults in Baiyun Sag,Pearl River Mouth Basin

Ji Mo,Yang Hai-zhang,Zeng Qing-bo,Zhao Zhao,Wang Long-Ying,Sun Yu-hao   

  1. CNOOC Research Institute,Beijing 100028,China
  • Received:2017-06-09 Revised:2017-08-01 Online:2017-10-10 Published:2017-10-10

摘要:

白云凹陷是南海北部深水区已证实的地质条件最优越的富生烃凹陷,但前人对白云凹陷的研究在构造、沉积和成因机制上存在争议。近年来采集的高品质地震资料有效提高了白云凹陷地震反射界面识别、结构特征、沉积充填和构造演化研究的可靠性。选取白云凹陷为研究对象,将均匀岩石圈塑性变形的伸展拆离作用应用于白云凹陷的构造解析,在地震资料解释基础上,以拆离断层的厘定、理论模型与动力学分析为主要工作思路,进而阐明构造演化及其油气地质意义。白云凹陷11条控洼断层可厘定为拆离断层系,剖面上表现为多期正断层呈铲状,向下合并为一条大规模低角度正断层,晚期被差异抬升作用改造的特征;平面上具有波瓦状构造特征。拆离作用控制了白云凹陷的构造演化和沉积充填,白云凹陷经历拆离断陷期、断拗复合期和区域沉降期3个阶段构造演化;拆离作用及其之后的持续性区域沉降作用,使白云凹陷成为南海北部深水区面积最大、沉积最厚的凹陷;同时也控制了文昌组和恩平组主要烃源岩的分布和演化。

关键词: 南海北部, 深水区, 白云凹陷, 洋陆过渡带, 拆离断层, 构造演化

Abstract:

The Baiyun Sag is an acknowledged hydrocarbon generating sag with the advantageous geological condition in the deep-water area of the northern South China Sea.There are different conclusions on structural geology,sedimentary fillings and dynamic mechanism in previous research.In recent years,the high quality seismic data collected in Baiyun Sag provide us an opportunity to recognize the seismic reflecting horizons and structure characteristics,and study in the sedimentary fillings and structural evolution.As a consequence,Baiyun Sag is chosen as an application example of detachment faulting in uniform lithosphere deformation.On the basis of 3D seismic data,we determined the detachment faults,established the theoretical model,and finally pointed out the influence of structural evolution on petroleum exploration.Owing to the special tectonic position,landward dipping detachment faults were developed in Baiyun Sag as a ductile deformation area in continent-ocean transition between South China plate and South China Sea.11 control faults could be recognized as the detachment faults.And the structural evolution and sedimentary fillings might be controlled by the deformation activities of these detachment faults.The evolution history of Baiyun Sag included three stages,i.e.,detachment faulting stage,faulting depression stage and regional subsidence stage.The detachment faulting and the sustaining regional subsidence lead Baiyun Sag to be the largest and deepest basin in deep-water area of northern South China Sea,and controlled the distribution of main source rocks in Wenchnag Formation and Enping Formation.

Key words: Northern South China Sea, Deepwater area, Baiyun Sag, Continent-ocean transition, Detachment fault, Structural evolution

中图分类号: 

  • TE121

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