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天然气地球科学 doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2017.05.003

• 天然气开发 • 上一篇    下一篇

页岩储层特殊性质对压裂液返排率和产能的影响

张涛1，李相方1，王永辉2，石军太1，杨立峰2，孙政1，杨剑3，张增华1   

  1. 1.中国石油大学(北京)石油工程教育部重点实验室,北京 102249；
    2.中国石油勘探开发研究院廊坊分院,河北 廊坊 065007；
    3.中国石油集团长城钻探工程有限公司录井公司国际业务项目部，北京100101
  • 收稿日期:2016-12-12 修回日期:2017-03-02 出版日期:2017-06-10 发布日期:2017-06-10
  • 通讯作者: 李相方(1955-),男,山东阳谷人,教授,博士生导师,主要从事石油天然气开发渗流研究和教学工作. E-mail：lixf2013@vip.163.com.
  • 作者简介:张涛(1992-),男,四川眉山人,博士研究生,主要从事非常规天然气开发渗流研究. E-mail：tobiascheuing@163.com.
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金重大项目(编号：51490654)；国家科技重大专项(编号：2016ZX05023;2016ZX05039)联合资助.

Study on the effect of gas-shale reservoir special propertieson the fracturing fluid recovery efficiency and production performance

Zhang Tao1，Li Xiang-fang1，Wang Yong-hui2，Shi Jun-tai1，Yang Li-feng2，Sun Zheng1，Yang Jian3，Zhang Zeng-hua1   

  1. 1.Key Laboratory for Petroleum Engineering of the Ministry of Education,China University
    of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,China；2.PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration ＆
    Development-Langfang,Langfang 065007,China；3.International Mudlogging Departmentof Great Wall Drilling Company(GWDC),China National Petroleum Company，Beijing 100101,China
  • Received:2016-12-12 Revised:2017-03-02 Online:2017-06-10 Published:2017-06-10

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摘要：

相对于常规储层，复杂的储层性质对页岩气井压后返排率高低和产能大小的影响更为显著。基于页岩气井早期生产返排特征，建立气水两相流数值模型，研究不同储层性质[超低含水饱和度、渗透率盲区(Permeability Jail)、润湿性和基质毛管力]对返排率和产能的影响。结果表明：在关井期间，储层“超低含水饱和度”现象导致压裂液大量渗吸，引起储层含水饱和度上升，最终使得初始开井产气量高，返排率低，且原始含水饱和度越低，影响越大；随着储层渗透率盲区程度增大，累产气量逐渐减小，强相渗盲区的储层生产3年仅有1.32×104m3的产气量。无相渗盲区(常规相渗曲线)的储层渗吸能力强，返排率极低(4.74%)。综合认为，弱相渗盲区储层的相渗曲线更适合页岩；储层基质水湿程度的降低会减弱渗吸置换能力，使得累产气量减小，返排率增加；储层基质毛管力的增大将导致渗吸作用加强，造成初始产气量升高，而在长期生产中，气相渗透率受到强渗吸引起的高含水饱和度的阻碍而降低，导致累产气量减少，并伴随着较低的返排率。

关键词: 页岩, 数值模拟, 渗吸, 超低含水饱和度, 渗透率盲区, 润湿性, 毛管力

Abstract:

Compared with the conventional reservoir,the complicated property of gas-shale reservoir has a more significant influence on fracturing fluid recovery efficiency(RE) and production performance(PP).A numerical simulation model about early gas-water two-phase flow is established based on the typical data to study the effects of reservoir properties on RE and PP,such as subirreducible water saturation,relative permeability jail,wettability and matrix capillary force.The results,firstly,show that more fluidsareimbibed into the reservoir because of “subirreduciblewater saturation”,resulting in the larger water saturation increment,the higher initial gas production and the lower RE.However,the water saturation of matrix is still higher after 10 days shut-in if the original water saturation is higher at first causing less gas is produced in late stage.Secondly,the cumulative gas production(CGP) decreases with the severity of the “relative permeability jail”,in which the CGP is only 1.32×104m3 after 3 years production.Fewfluid is recovered(4.74%) if a conventional relative permeability is applied.Therefore,the weak relative permeability jail curve is more suitable for the tight reservoirs than other two types of relative permeability curves.What's more,the weak water wet formation reduces the imbibition and replacement leading to the decrease of CGP and the increase of RE.Finally,with the increase of capillary pressure,the higher gas production in early stage and the lower in late stage are revealed because of gas permeability impaired by high water saturation caused by the strong imbibition,resulting in lower CGP and combined with lower RE.

Key words: Shale, Numerical simulation, Imbibition, Subirreducible water saturation, Relative permeability jail, Wettability, Capillary force

中图分类号: 

  • TE357

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