天然气地球科学

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中非Melut盆地高砂地比地层成藏特征与富集规律

史忠生,王天奇,薛罗,何巍巍,白洁,韩乾凤   

  1. 中国石油勘探开发研究院西北分院,甘肃 兰州730020
  • 收稿日期:2016-06-08 修回日期:2016-11-07 出版日期:2017-02-10 发布日期:2017-02-10
  • 作者简介:史忠生(1978-),男,辽宁沈阳人,高级工程师,主要从事非洲裂谷盆地石油地质研究. E-mail:shiluck@163.com.
  • 基金资助:

    国家科技重大专项“大型油气田及煤层气开发”(编号:2008ZX05029)资助.

Reservoir characteristics and enrichment rule of highlysandy formation in Melut Basin,Central Africa

Shi Zhong-sheng,Wang Tian-qi,Xue Luo,He Wei-wei,Bai Jie,Han Qian-feng   

  1. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development-Northwest Branch,PetroChina,Lanzhou 730020,China
  • Received:2016-06-08 Revised:2016-11-07 Online:2017-02-10 Published:2017-02-10

摘要:

Melut盆地为中非被动裂谷盆地,具有丰富的油气资源,盆地发育2种类型的高砂地比地层。其中,古近系Yabus组与Samma组区域性厚层砂岩与Adar组区域泥岩形成的区域性高砂地比地层为盆地勘探初期的主力成藏组合,主要形成各种反向断块、断鼻等构造油藏;上白垩统Galhak组近源局部性砂泥互层高砂地比地层为盆地中后期构造—岩性及岩性地层油气藏勘探的主要成藏组合,为盆地新的成藏组合和勘探层系。通过对Galhak组高砂地比地层油藏特征、富集规律、油藏评价与勘探方法的研究,首次提出“湖泛泥岩控藏”与“辫状河三角洲内前缘分流河道砂体控富”认识,指出湖泛泥岩是Galhak组高砂地比地层成藏主控因素,“高孔厚砂岩”是高产油层形成的储层条件,辫状河三角洲内前缘是高产油层发育的有利相带。同时,提出了以湖泛泥岩划分与对比为基础的分层系评价,提高大套高砂地比地层的垂向研究尺度和评价精度;及以测井、录井、油藏地质等多方法相结合的油水综合判识,提高大套高砂地比地层复杂断块油藏油水关系与油藏认识的合理性。该研究提升了Melut盆地局部性砂泥互层高砂地比地层的勘探潜力,拓展了盆地勘探空间,对中西非相似被动裂谷盆地高砂地比地层的勘探具有借鉴意义。

关键词: 中非, Melut盆地, 高砂地比地层, 油藏特征, 富集规律

Abstract:

Melut Basin has abundant petroleum resources as a Central Africa passive rift basin and developed two typically highly sandy formations.The regional highly sandy formation,which is made up of regional thick sandstone of Yabus and Samma Formations and regional mudstone of Adar Formation of Paleogene,is the key reservoir-caprock assemblage and formed all kinds of antithetic faulted blocks and faulted-nose structural reservoirs.By contrast,the local highly sandy formation of Galhak Formation of Upper Cretaceous,which is close to source rock and interbedded by sandstone and mudstone,is a new reservoir-caprock assemblage and exploration target layer for seeking structure-lithology and lithology-stratigraphy reservoirs in the mid-late stage of basin exploration.By deeply studying the oil reservoir character,enrichment rule,reservoir evaluation and exploration method of the highly sandy formation of Galhak Formation,the research firstly revealed that the flooding mudstone controlled the oil reservoir formation,and the distributary channel sandstones of inner braided delta front controlled HC enrichment.That is,the flooding mudstone is the key controlling factor on hydrocarbon pool formation,the high-porosity and thick sandstone is the reservoir condition and the inner braided delta front is the favorable sedimentary facies zone for developing high production layers of Galhak Formation.Moreover,the paper proved that the fine division and evaluation based on the identification and correlation of flooding mudstones can improve the study scale and evaluation accuracy for highly sandy formation.And the integrated approach of judging oil & water layers based on well logging,mud logging and reservoir geological conditions can more accurately understand oil-water contact and reservoir characteristics for the complicated faulted block reservoirs of thick and highly sandy formations.The study upgraded the exploration potential of highly sandy formations interbedded by sandstone and mudstone,and expanded exploration space of Melut Basin,and will have an important impact on highly sandy formations exploration in the similar passive rift basins in Central and Western Africa.

Key words: Central Africa, Melut Basin, Highly sandy formation, Reservoir character, Enrichment rule

中图分类号: 

  • TE122.1

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