汪剑1,崔永谦1,史今雄2,刘国平2,肖阳1,曾联波2
Wang Jian1,Cui Yong-qian1,Shi Jin-xiong2,Liu Guo-ping2,Xiao Yang1,Zeng Lian-bo2
摘要: 煤层气开发效果很大程度上受控于煤层裂缝发育特征,沁水盆地南部同样如此。根据相似露头区野外地质调查、岩心观测以及成像测井、常规测井等资料,对比分析该区煤储层裂缝发育特征及其常规测井裂缝响应,建立了煤储层裂缝的常规测井识别方法,分析了该方法的应用效果。结果表明,研究区煤储层裂缝以构造剪切缝为主,发育北东—南西向、北西—南东向、近东—西向和近南—北向4组;裂缝多为有效裂缝,以高角度和倾斜裂缝为主,规模较小,密度变化大。常规测井裂缝的响应特征主要表现为低电阻、深浅侧向电阻率呈现正幅度差,三孔隙度测井向孔隙度变大偏转但不明显,高伽马值、扩径现象明显,测井曲线会出现波动。在此基础上,重构了异常变化指数,对常规测井曲线进行处理,经过加权合成裂缝预测指数对煤储层裂缝发育情况进行预测,预测结果得到了岩心及成像测井资料的验证。
中图分类号:
[1]Liu Honglin,Kang Yongshang,Wang Feng,et al.Coal cleat system characteristics and formation mechanisms in the Qinshui Basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2008,82(10):1376-1381.[刘洪林,康永尚,王峰,等.沁水盆地煤层割理的充填特征及形成过程[J].地质学报,2008,82(10):1376-1381.] [2]Su Xianbo,Xie Hongbo,Hua Siliang.The microscopic identification of coal brittle-ductile deformation[J].Coal Geology & Exploration,2003,31(6):18-21.[苏现波,谢洪波,华四良.煤体脆—韧性变形微观识别标志[J].煤田地质与勘探,2003,31(6):18-21.] [3]Zeng Lianbo,Liu Hongtao.Influence of fractures on the development of low-permeability sandstone reservoirs:A case study from the Taizhao district,Daqing Oilfield,China[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2010,72(1/2):120-127. [4]Zeng Lianbo,Zhao Jiyong,Zhu Shengju.et al.Impact of rock anisotropy on fracture development[J].Progress in Natural Science,2008,18(11):1403-1408. [5][KG*5/6]Peter C,John C.Prediction of fracture-induced permeability and fluid flow in the crust using experimental stress data[J].AAPG Bulletin,1999,83(5):747-777. [6][KG*5/6]Yang Kebing,Yan Detian,Ma Fengqin,et al.Sequence and factors affecting accumulation in coal series,southern Qinshui Basin[J].Natural Gas Exploration & Development,2013,36(4):22-29.[杨克兵,严德天,马凤芹,等.沁水盆地南部煤系地层沉积演化及其对煤层气产能的影响分析[J].天然气勘探与开发,2013,36(4):22-29.] [7]Scott A R.Hydrogeologic factors affecting gas content distribution in coal beds[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2002,50:363-387. [8]Liu Hao,Huang Wenhui,Ao Weihua,et al.Controls of coal maceral composition of coal seam 3# and 15# on microfracture in south Qinshui Basin[J].Resources & Industries,2012,14(4):75-81.[刘浩,黄文辉,敖卫华,等.沁南3#煤与15#煤显微煤岩组分对微裂隙的控制研究[J].资源与产业,2012,14(4):75-81.] [9]Yao Yanbin,Liu Dameng,Tang Dazhen,et al.Influence and control of coal petrological composition on the development of microfracture of coal reservoir in the Qinshui Basin[J].Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2010,39(1):6-13.[姚艳斌,刘大锰,汤达祯,等.沁水盆地煤储层微裂隙发育的煤岩学控制机理[J].中国矿业大学学报,2010,39(1):6-13.] [10]Zhao Pei,Li Xianqing,Tian Xingwang,et al.Study on micropore structure characteristics of Longmaxi Formation shale gas reservoirs in the southern Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2014,25(6):947-956.[赵佩,李贤庆,田兴旺,等.川南地区龙马溪组页岩气储层微孔隙结构特征[J].天然气地球科学,2014,25(6):947-956.] [11]Chen Wenping,Zhang Qun,Jiang Zaibing,et al.Effect on CBM drainage characteristics of pore structure of tectonic coal[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2016,27(1):173-179.[陈文萍,张群,姜在炳,等.构造煤孔隙结构对煤层气产气特征的影响[J].天然气地球科学,2016,27(1):173-179.] [12]Wei Xiangfeng,Liu Ruobing,Zhang Tingshan,et al.Micro-pores structure characteristics and development control factors of shale gas reservoir:A case of Longmaxi in XX area of southern Sichuan and northern Guizhou[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2013,24(5):1048-1059.[魏祥峰,刘若冰,张廷山,等.页岩气储层微观孔隙结构特征及发育控制因素——以川南—黔北XX地区龙马溪组为例[J].天然气地球科学,2013,24(5):1048-1059.] [13]Ma Huolin,Wang Jian,Wang Wenjuan,et al.Sensitive parameter analysis and logging response characteristics on coalbed methane and fracture of deformed coal:A case study in the Zhengzhuang block of Qinshui Basin[J].Geoscience,2015,29(1):171-178.[马火林,汪剑,王文娟,等.构造煤煤层气及裂隙的测井响应和敏感参数分析__以沁水盆地郑庄地区为例[J].现代地质,2015,29(1):171-178.] [14]Wang Jian,Ma Huolin,Tan Qinsong,et al.The logging response characteristics of reservoir fracture of coalbed methane in Zhengzhuang block of Qinshui Basin[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics,2014,11(6):743-748.[汪剑,马火林,谭青松,等.沁水盆地郑庄煤层气储层裂隙的测井响应特征[J].工程地球物理学报,2014,11(6):743-748.] [15]Zhong Lingwen.Thegenesis of endogenic freature in coal[J].Coal Geology of China,2004,16(3):6-9.[钟玲文.煤内生裂隙的成因[J].中国煤田地质,2004,16(3):6-9.] [16]Lu Xiaoxia,Huang Wenhui,Ao Weihua,et al.The factors of yield differences between No.3 and No.15 coal seam in southern Qinshui Basin[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2013,35(3):30-35.[陆小霞,黄文辉,敖卫华,等.沁水盆地南部3号与15号煤层产气量差异因素[J].石油天然气学报,2013,35(3):30-35.] [17]Xu Zhenyong,Wang Yanbin,Chen Deyuan,et al.Sequence stratigraphy & lithofacies palaeogeography in Qinshui Basin[J].Coal Geology & Exploration,2007,35(4):5-7.[徐振永,王延斌,陈德元,等.沁水盆地晚古生代煤系层序地层及岩相古地理研究[J].煤田地质与勘探,2007,35(4):5-7.] [18]Li Yue,Lin Yuxiang,Yu Tengfei,et al.Tectonic evolution of Qinshui Basin and free gas reservoir control[J].Journal of Guilin University of Technology,2011,31(4):481-487.[李月,林玉详,于腾飞,等.沁水盆地构造演化及其对游离气藏的控制作用[J].桂林理工大学学报,2011,31(4):481-487.] [19]Xiao Hui,Ren Zhanli,Cui Junping.Carboniferous-permian coalbed methane-accumulating stagesin the Qinshui Basin Shanxi[J].Geology in China,2007,34(3):490-496.[肖晖,任战利,崔军平.沁水盆地石炭—二叠系煤层气成藏期研究[J].中国地质,2007,34(3):490-496.] [20]Wang Meng,Zhu Yanming,Li Wu,et al.Tectonic evolution and reservoir formation of coalbed methane in Zhengzhuang block of Qinshui Basin[J].Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2012,41(3):425-431.[王猛,朱炎铭,李伍,等.沁水盆地郑庄区块构造演化与煤层气成藏[J].中国矿业大学学报,2012,41(3):425-431.] [21]Sun Zhanxue,Zhang Wen,Hu Baoqun,et al.The relation of the features of heatflow and the distribution of coalbed methane of the Qinshui Basin[J].Cinese Science Bulletin,2005,50(supplement 1):93-98.[孙占学,张文,胡宝群,等.沁水盆地地温场特征及其与煤层气分布关系[J].科学通报,2005,50(增刊1):93-98.] [22]Fan J J,Ju Y W,Hou Q L et al.Pore structure characteristics of metamorphic-deformed coal reservoirs and its restriction on recovery of coalbed methane[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2010,17(5):325-335. [23]Tian Dongsheng.Coal Reservoir Parameters and Its Control to Productivity of Coalbed Methane Wells in the Southern Qinshui Basin[J].Beijing:Chian University of Mining & Technology,Beijing,2009:5.[田永东.沁水盆地南部煤储层参数及其对煤层气井产能的控制[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2009:5.] [24]Zeng Lianbo,Gong Lei,Zu Kewei,et al.Influence factors on fracture validity of the paleogene reservoir,western Qaidam Basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2012,86(11):1809-1814.[曾联波,巩磊,祖克威,等.柴达木盆地西部古近系储层裂缝有效性的影响因素[J].地质学报,2012,86(11):1809-1814.] [25]Zeng Lianbo.Fissure and its seepage characteristics in low-permeable sandstone reservoir[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,2004,39(1):11-17.[曾联波.低渗透砂岩油气储层裂缝及其渗流特征[J].地质科学,2004,39(1):11-17.] [26]Liu Guoping,Zeng Lianbo,Lei Maosheng,et al.Fracture development characteristics and main controlling factors of the volcanic reservoir in Xujiaweizi fault depression[J].Geology in China,2016,43(1):329-337.[刘国平,曾联波,雷茂盛,等.徐家围子断陷火山岩储层裂缝发育特征及主控因素[J].中国地质,2016,43(1):329-337.] [27]Finkbeiner T,Barton C A,Zoback M D.Relationships among in-situ stress,fractures and faults,and fluid flow:Monterey formation,Santa Maria Basin,California[J].AAPG Bulletin,1997,81(12):1975-1999. [28]Zeng Lianbo,Ke Shizhen,Liu Yang,et al.The research method of fractures in low-permeable oil and gas reservoir[J].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2010.[曾联波,柯式镇,刘洋,等.低渗透油气储层裂缝研究方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2010.] [29]Dong Pingchuan,Xu Yanbin,Li Fei,et al.Identification and prediction of reservoir fractures[J].Petroleum Geology and Oilfield Development in Daqing,2010,29(2):5-12.[董平川,徐衍彬,李飞,等.储层裂缝识别和预测方法[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2010,29(2):5-12.] [30]Ye Tao,Jiang Youlu,Liu Hua,et al.The genetic type and logging identifying methods of fractures in Bonan Sag[J].Journal of Xi’an Shiyou University:Natural Science Edition,2013,28(1):52-56.[叶涛,蒋有录,刘华,等.渤南洼陷裂缝成因类型及测井识别方法[J].西安石油大学学报:自然科学版,2013,28(1):52-56.] [31]Liu Zhidi,Liu Hongqi,Dai Shihua,et al.Study on volcanic rock fracture quantitative identification method using logging data[J].Petroleum Geology and Oilfield Development in Daqin,2008,27(5):132-134.[刘之的,刘红歧,代诗华,等.火山岩裂缝测井定量识别方法[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2008,27(5):132-134.] [32]Wang Jianguo,He Shunli,Liu Hongqi,et al.Identification of the igenous rock reservoir by well Logging[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University,2008,30(6):27-30.[王建国,何顺利,刘红歧,等.火山岩储层裂缝的测井识别方法研究[J].西南石油大学学报,2008,30(6):27-30.] [33]Luo Li,Hu Peiyi,Zhou Zhengying.Log identification for fracture in carbonate[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2001,22(3):32-35.[罗利,胡培毅,周政英.碳酸盐岩裂缝测井识别方法[J].石油学报,2001,22(3):32-35.] [34]Zhao Junlong,Gong Yiwen,Li Gan,et al.A review and perspective of identifying and evaluating the logging technology of fractured carbonate reservoir[J].Progress in Geophysics,2012,27(2):537-547.[赵军龙,巩泽文,李甘,等.碳酸盐岩裂缝性储层测井识别及评价技术综述与展望[J].地球物理学进展,2012,27(2):537-547.] [35]Bhanja A K,Srivastava O P.A new approach to estimate CBM gas content from well logs[J].SPE 115563,2008:1-6. [36]Yang Y,Cloud T A,Van Kirk C W.New applications of well log parameters in coalbed methane(CBM) reservoir evaluation at the drunkards Wash Unit,Uinta Basin,Utah[J].SPE 97988,2005:1-8. [37]Li J Q,Liu D M,Yao Y B,et al.Evaluation of the reservoirs permeability of anthracite coals by geophysical logging data[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2011,87(2):121-127. |
[1] | 陈立超, 王生维, . 煤岩弹性力学性质与煤层破裂压力关系[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2019, 30(4): 503-511. |
[2] | 许耀波, 朱玉双, 张培河. 沁水盆地赵庄井田煤层气产出特征及其影响因素[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2019, 30(1): 119-125. |
[3] | 杨海军, 张荣虎, 杨宪彰, 王珂, 王俊鹏, 唐雁刚, 周露. 超深层致密砂岩构造裂缝特征及其对储层的改造作用——以塔里木盆地库车坳陷克深气田白垩系为例[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(7): 942-950. |
[4] | 王小垚,曾联波,周三栋,史今雄,田鹤. 低阶煤储层微观孔隙结构的分形模型评价[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(2): 277-288. |
[5] | 张洲,王生维,周敏. 基于构造裂隙填图技术的煤储层裂隙发育特征预测与验证[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2017, 28(9): 1356-1362. |
[6] | 王玫珠,王勃,孙粉锦,赵洋,丛连铸,杨焦生,于荣泽,罗金洋,周红梅. 沁水盆地煤层气富集高产区定量评价[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2017, 28(7): 1108-1114. |
[7] | 林玉祥,舒永,赵承锦,李夏,张春荣. 沁水盆地含煤地层天然气统筹勘探方法及有利区预测[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2017, 28(5): 744-754. |
[8] | 陈跃,汤达祯,田霖,马东民,方世跃,陈茜. 煤变质程度对中低阶煤储层孔裂隙发育的控制作用[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2017, 28(4): 611-621. |
[9] | 杨晓东,张苗,魏巍,李娟,傅雪海. 沁水盆地古县区块煤系“三气”储层孔隙特征对比[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2017, 28(3): 356-365. |
[10] | 郗兆栋,唐书恒,李俊,李雷. 沁水盆地中东部海陆过渡相页岩孔隙结构及分形特征[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2017, 28(3): 366-376. |
[11] | 殷杰,王权. 利用测井和地震信息识别和预测优质烃源岩——以渤海湾盆地饶阳凹陷沙一段为例[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2017, 28(11): 1761-1770. |
[12] | 牟炜卫,王琪,田兵,郝乐伟,胡子见. 珠江口盆地白云凹陷北坡中深部储层成岩相测井响应特征[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2017, 28(10): 1601-1612. |
[13] | 刘卫彬, 周新桂, 李世臻, 张世奇. 构造裂缝对低孔低渗储层的影响作用研究——以东濮凹陷沙三段为例[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2016, 27(11): 1993-2004. |
[14] | 曹运兴, 柴学周, 刘同吉, 冯培文, 田林, 石玢, 曹永恒, 周丹. 潞安矿区山西组3#煤储层低压特征及控制因素研究[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2016, 27(11): 2077-2085. |
[15] | 尹帅,丁文龙,刘建军,王鹏,孙圆辉,曹翔宇,王兴华. 沁水盆地南部地区山西组煤系地层裂缝发育特征及其与含气性关系[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2016, 27(10): 1855-1868. |
|