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天然气地球科学

• 天然气地质学 • 上一篇    下一篇

川西地区中侏罗世前陆盆地河流层序结构及控制因素

刘君龙1,2，纪友亮1，杨克明3，朱宏权3，潘亚男4，余加松5，王天云1   

  1. 1.中国石油大学地球科学学院油气资源与探测国家重点实验室，北京  102249；
    2.中国石油化工股份有限公司石油勘探开发研究院，北京 100083；
    3.中国石油化工股份有限公司西南油气分公司，四川 成都  610081；
    4.中国石油管道局工程有限公司天津分公司，天津  300457；
    5.黔西南州水利电力勘测设计院，贵州 兴义  562400
  • 收稿日期:2015-10-22 修回日期:2016-01-15 出版日期:2017-01-10 发布日期:2017-01-10
  • 通讯作者: 纪友亮（1962-），男，山东博兴人，教授，博士生导师，主要从事沉积学、层序地层学方向研究. E-mail:jiyouliang@cup.edu.cn.
  • 作者简介:刘君龙（1988-），男，吉林松原人，博士研究生，主要从事沉积学、石油地质学方向研究. E-mail:jl_liu2007@sina.cn.
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金（编号：41672098;41272157）；中国石油科技创新基金（编号:2014D-5006-0101）;中国石油大学（北京）科研基金（编号：2462013YJRC038；2462015YQ0108）；国家科技重大专项（编号：2011ZX05003-002）联合资助.

Sequence architecture and its controlling factors of Middle Jurassicfluvial successions in Western Sichuan Foreland Basin

Liu Jun-long1,2，Ji You-liang1，Yang Ke-ming3，Zhu Hong-quan3，Pan Ya-nan4，Yu Jia-song5，Wang Tian-yun1   

  1. 1.College of Geosciences,State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting,China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249,China;
    2.Sinopec Exploration & Production Research Institute,Beijing 100083,China;
    3.Sinopec Southwest Oil & Gas Company,Chengdu 610081,China;
    4.China Petroleum Pipeline Engineering Company limited Tianjin Branch,Tianjin 300457,China;
    5.The QianXinan Survey and Design Insitute of Water Resources and Power Ministry,Xingyi 562400,China
  • Received:2015-10-22 Revised:2016-01-15 Online:2017-01-10 Published:2017-01-10

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摘要：

四川盆地川西坳陷在中侏罗世沙溪庙组沉积期，是一个典型的前陆盆地，前缘坳陷位于大巴山山前。这一时期，气候炎热、干旱，受山前构造抬升的影响，大量碎屑物质从周围高耸山脉汇入盆地，发育了一套河流—下切谷沉积体系。在前陆盆地，不同时期、不同构造位置的河流沉积体系受不同程度的自旋回和异旋回等因素的控制，前人对这方面研究的较少。综合利用三维地震数据、测录井、岩心及野外露头资料，阐明了沙溪庙组层序结构与沉积充填特征，重点讨论了不同因素对前陆盆地河流相层序发育的控制作用，建立了沉积演化模式。结果表明：①沙溪庙组自下而上可以划分2个三级层序，每个层序内部均发育典型的沉积旋回，即下切谷—河流—三角洲，其中下切谷的厚度一般为20~30m，宽度为6~13km；②在低频层序发育时期，构造、气候等异旋回过程控制着河流沉积体系的进积与退积；在高频层序发育时期，河流的垂向加积和侧向加积等自旋回过程决定了河流沉积体系的几何形态变化，即从上游到下游，由于河流能量逐渐减弱，河道的侧向加积作用逐渐减弱，河道或河谷的宽度逐渐减小；③建立了前陆盆地河流相沉积演化模式，该模式对发育在前陆盆地的河流沉积体系具有一定的借鉴意义。

关键词: 前陆盆地, 河流相, 下切谷, 控制因素, 中侏罗世, 川西坳陷

Abstract:

During the depositional period of the Middle Jurassic Shaximiao Formation,the Western Sichuan Depression was a typical foreland basin with its foredeep in the Daba Mountain front.Controlled by tectonic uplift,large amounts of terrestrial debris were transported from the mountains.A set of fluvio-incised valley successions was deposited under semi-arid to arid climatic conditions.Autogenic and allogenic controls on the fluvial sequence developed at different times and positions have rarely been described in detail,which is noteworthy here.In this study,by integrating 3D seismic data,loggings,cores and outcrops,we investigated the sequence architecture and its sedimentary infill of the Shaximiao Formation,analyzed the different controls on fluvial successions developed in the foreland basin,and provided a sedimentary evolutional model.Our results show that:① the Shaximiao Formation can be divided into two three-order sequences,and each one is recorded by a typical sedimentary cycle of incised valley-fluvial channel-delta,with incised valleys of 20-30m thick and 6-13km wide;② during the phase of low frequency cycles,allogenic processes,such as tectonic movements and climatic changes,primarily controlled the progradation and regradation of the fluvial system;during the phase of high frequency cycles,autogenic processes,such as vertical and lateral accretion,mainly controlled the planform geometry of the coeval fluvial system,from the upstream to the downstream direction,the downstream decreases in the stream power appears to be responsible for the decreasing trend in the incised valley dimensions;and ③ a sedimentary model is provided to be used as a reference for the interpretation of similar fluvial systems in foreland basins.

Key words: Foreland basin, Fluvial facies, Incised valley, Controlling factor, Middle Jurassic, Western Sichuan Depression

中图分类号: 

  • TE122.2

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