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天然气地球科学

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天然气水合物成藏要素及其时空耦合初探——以青藏高原昆仑山垭口多年冻土区为例

肖红平1,2，吴青柏3，林畅松4，魏伟2，张金华2，彭涌2，张鹏3，张巧珍2   

  1. 1.中国地质大学(北京)能源学院，北京 100083；
    2.中国石油勘探开发研究院廊坊分院，河北 廊坊 065007；
    3.中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冻土工程国家重点实验室，甘肃 兰州 730000；
    4.中国地质大学(北京)海洋学院，北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2016-05-04 修回日期:2016-06-21 出版日期:2016-10-10 发布日期:2016-10-10
  • 作者简介:肖红平(1979-)，男，四川宜宾人，高级工程师，博士在读，主要从事非常规油气地质勘探综合研究. E-mail:〖WTBZ〗xiaohp_hdpu@163.com.
  • 基金资助:
    中国石油天然气股份有限公司科学研究与技术开发项目(编号:2014A-4806);中国科学院西部行动计划(编号:KZCX2-XB-03);国家自然科学基金(编号:41101070;41001038)联合资助.

Preliminary discussion on the space-time coupling of natural gas hydrate accumulation elements:A case study from Kunlun Pass permafrost regions,Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Xiao Hong-ping1,2，Wu Qing-bai3，Lin Chang-song4，Wei Wei2，Zhang Jin-hua2，Peng Yong2，Zhang Peng3，Zhang Qiao-zhen2   

  1. 1.School of Energy Resources,China University of Geosciences (Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;
    2.PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development-Langfang Branch,Langfang 065007,China;
    3.State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering,Cold and Arid Regions Environmentaland Engineering Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;
    4.School of Ocean Sciences,China University of Geosciences (Beijing),Beijing 100083,China
  • Received:2016-05-04 Revised:2016-06-21 Online:2016-10-10 Published:2016-10-10

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摘要： 针对青藏高原昆仑山垭口多年冻土区表层地质、钻探和测井等表现出的地表浅层赋存大量烃类和非烃类气体的现象，结合该区地质资料和天然气水合物最新勘探成果，利用“天然气水合物油气系统”的概念和理论，从气源、温压、水源、运聚等关键要素详细分析了昆仑山垭口多年冻土区天然气水合物的赋存条件。并以该区地质演化历史为依据，探讨了诸多成藏要素的时空匹配和耦合关系。结果表明，昆仑山垭口多年冻土区先后经历了晚三叠世末期—新近纪晚期大量热解气形成与散失，部分热解气残留，新近纪末期羌塘组沉积，晚更新世高原隆升、冰川冻土形成，晚期新构造运动产生断裂、裂缝沟通深部残留热解气进入浅层水合物稳定带与羌塘组少量微生物气混合形成天然气水合物等多个阶段。该区赋存的天然气水合物具有晚期成藏的特征。

关键词: 青藏高原, 昆仑山垭口, 多年冻土, 天然气水合物, 成藏要素, 时空耦合

Abstract: A large number of hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon gas which may be decomposed from natural gas hydrate are found in the surface layer of Kunlun Pass Basin permafrost regions Qinghai-Tibet Plateau by the surface geological anomalies,shallow holes drilling and logging.Based on the geological data,natural gas hydrate exploration results,and the concept of “natural gas hydrate petroleum system”,gas hydrate forming key elements in Kunlun Pass permafrost area are analyzed in detail,which include gas source,temperature,pressure,water and migration-accumulation.And based on the geological evolution history of this area,the space-time matching and coupling relation of many reservoir forming factors are discussed.The results showed the formation of gas hydrate in Kunlun Pass permafrost area has experienced multiple stages.First stage,plenty of hot gas formed and dissipated from late Triassic to Late Neogene,and part of the pyrolytic gas was kept in the formation;Second stage,Qiangtang Formation sediment in the Late Neogene and Late Pleistocene with plateau uplift,the glaciers and permafrost came into being;Final stage,deep residue pyrolytic gas migrated along the fracture and crack which were generated by new tectonic movement.When it moved upward into the shallow hydrate stability zone,and mixed with biogenic gas forming in Qiangtang Formation,the gas hydrate came into being.Natural gas hydrate has the characteristics of late hydrocarbon accumulation.

Key words: Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Kunlun Pass area, Permafrost, Gas hydrate, Accumulation elements, Time and space coupling

中图分类号: 

  • TE132.2

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