天然气地球科学
高级检索
作者投稿 专家审稿 编辑办公

天然气地球科学

• 天然气地质学 • 上一篇    下一篇

建南气田天然气成因、保存与成藏

董凌峰，刘全有，孙冬胜，林娟华   

  1. 1.成都理工大学沉积地质研究院，四川 成都 610051；
    2.中国石化石油勘探开发研究院，北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2014-03-07 修回日期:2014-09-25 出版日期:2015-04-10 发布日期:2015-04-10
  • 通讯作者: 刘全有(1975-)，男，山西朔州人，教授级高级工程师，博士，主要从事天然气地质学和地球化学研究.E-mail：liuqy.syky@sinopec.com.
  • 作者简介:董凌峰(1990-)，男，北京人，硕士研究生，主要从事沉积学与油气成藏研究.E-mail：173230767@qq.com.
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(编号：41173035|4132201)资助.

Generation,Preservation and Accumulation of Natural Gas in Jiannan Gasfield

DONG Ling-feng，LIU Quan-you，SUN Dong-sheng，LIN Juan-hua   

  1. 1.Sedimentary and Geology Institute,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610051,China;
    2.Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute,SINOPEC,Beijing 100083,China
  • Received:2014-03-07 Revised:2014-09-25 Online:2015-04-10 Published:2015-04-10

PDF (PC)

626

摘要：

结合四川盆地地质与构造演化特征，利用天然气组分、稳定碳氢同位素组成和气田地层水地球化学指标，探讨了建南气田天然气成因类型、母质来源、油气保存条件以及不同类型气藏的成藏方式。建南气田天然气以烃类气体为主，CH4含量占87.26%~98.63%,平均为95.31%，干燥系数均大于95%，属于典型的干气。非烃气体除含有一定量的CO2和N2外，天然气中普遍含有H2S，含量占0~4.34%，平均为0.75%，属于低含H2S天然气。天然气δ13C1值介于-37.4‰~-30.8‰之间，δ13C2值介于-41.8‰~-33.7‰之间，δ13C3值介于-27.6‰~-40.8‰之间。石炭系天然气主要来自志留系烃源岩，而上二叠统天然气主要来自二叠系烃源岩，下三叠统飞仙关组和嘉陵江组天然气为后期气藏调整过程中上二叠统天然气调整运移形成。建南气田烷烃气碳同位素普遍存在δ13C1≥δ13C2＜δ13C3的特征，可能与TSR改造有关，不存在志留系与二叠系生成天然气的混合。建南气田地下水化学特征表明飞三段、长兴组、石炭系储层中，地层水矿化度普遍大于35g/L，且以CaCl2型为主，指示油气藏保存条件良好，可能与嘉陵江组膏岩有效地阻止了地表水向下交替有关。嘉陵江组因局部地区受断层影响，膏岩遭受地表的淡水淋滤，水型以Na2SO4为主，矿化度低，油气封存能力变差。

关键词: 建南气田, 天然气, 地球化学, TSR, 地层水, 成藏方式

Abstract:

In combination with the characteristics of geologic structure evolution in Sichuan Basin,the chemical and stable isotopic compositions of natural gases and the formation water chemistry from the Jiannan Gas Field,Sichuan Basin,China,were investigated to elucidate the origin of the gas,precursor source,preservation and to reconstruct the gas-filling history for different reservoirs.All natural gases in the Jiannan Gas Field are dominated by CH4 with low amounts of non-hydrocarbon(e.g.CO2,H2S and N2) components.The CH4 content ranges from 87.26%-98.63%,with an average of 95.31%.The gas dryness coefficient(C1/C1-3) is over 0.95.The non-hydrocarbon gases contain not only a given amount of CO2 and N2,but also H2S generally being in the range of 0 to 4.34% with an average of 0.75%,so it belongs to low H2S content gases.The δ13C1，δ13C2 and δ13C3 values are in the range of -37.4‰ to -30.8‰,-41.8‰ to -33.7‰ and -27.6‰ to -40.8‰,respectively.Carboniferous gas was derived from the Silurian shale while the gas in the Upper Permian Changxing Formation was sourced from the Permian source rocks.The gas in the Lower Triassic Feixianguan and Jialingjiang formations was migrated from the Upper Permian gas through faults at later.The carbon isotopic trends of gaseous alkanes are generally of 13C1≥13C2＜13C3,probably related to the TSR alteration rather than the mixing of gases from Silurian and Permian source rocks.Natural gases of the Carboniferous mainly come from oil-cracked gases and some kerogen-cracked gases from the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation shale,and the Lower Permian Liangshan Formation shale acts as an effective seal.Changxing Formation biothermal gas accumulated during the process of oil cracking and formation of effective traps.Source rocks are mainly mudstone of the Upper Permian Longtan Formation,with a certain contribution from the Silurian source rocks.The sulfide-bearing gases in the Lower Triassic gas pool are mainly sourced from the Upper Permian source rock sand migrated along the uncomformity and a fault to the Lower Triassic Feixianguan Formation and Jialingjiang Formation porous-fractured pools.Long distance vertical migration led to the decrease of H2S content.The chemical features of groundwater of Jiannan gas field demonstrate that the formation water salinity is generally more than 35g/L in the reservoirs of the third member of Feixianguan Formation,Changxing Formation and Carboniferous,and dominated by CaCl2 type,which indicates the preservation conditions of the reservoirs are good and probably related to the effective prevention of the downward alternation of formation water by Jialingjiang Formation gypsum.Probably affected by the fault in local area,the Jialingjiang Formation gypsum were leached by fresh water to low salinity,associated with Na2SO4 types,and the seal capacity became poor.

Key words: Jiannan Gasfield, Natural gas, Geochemistry, TSR, Formation water, Accumulation model

中图分类号: 

  • TE122

[1]Wang Shaohua,Wan Yunqiang,Lin Juanhua.Genetic type of natural gas of marine facies in Jiannan Gasfield[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2008,30(4):37-42.[王韶华,万云强,林娟华.建南气田海相天然气藏成因类型探讨[J].石油天然气学报,2008,30(4):37-42.]
[2]Hao Fang,Guo Tonglou,Zhu Yangming,et al.Evidence for multiple stages of oil cracking and thermochemical sulfate reduction in the Puguang Gasfield,Sichuan Basin,China[J].AAPG Bulletin,2008,92(5):611-637.
[3]Liu Quanyou,Jin Zhijun,Gao Bo,et al.Origin of sour gas in the northeastern Sichuan Basin and fate action of Thermochemical Sulfate Reduction(TSR) to natural gas[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2009,83(8):1195-1202.[刘全有,金之钧,高波,等.川东北地区酸性气体中CO2成因与TSR作用影响[J].地质学报,2009,83(8):1195-1202.]
[4]Liu Guangxiang,Jiang Qigui,Pan Wenlei,et al.Analysis and concentration of light hydrocarbons in dry natural gas and its application[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2003,25(supplement 1):585-589.[刘光祥,蒋启贵,潘文蕾,等.干气中浓缩轻烃分析及应用——以川东北、川东区天然气气／源对比研究为例[J].石油实验地质,2003,25(增1):585-589.] 
[5]Dai Jinxing,Song Yan,Dai Chunsen,et al.Geochemistry and accumulation of carbon dioxide gases in China[J].AAPG Bulletin,1996,80(10):1615-1626.
[6]Dai Jinxing,Yang Shufeng,Chen Hanlin,et al.Geochemistry and occurrence of inorganic gas accumulations in Chinese sedimentary basins[J].Organic Geochemistry,2005,36(12):1664-1688.
[7]Liu Quanyou,Dai Jinxing,Zhang Tongwei,et al.Genetic types of natural gas and their distribution in Tarim Basin,NW China[J].Journal of Nature Science and Sustainable Technology,2007,1(4):603-620.
[8]Liu Quanyou,Chen Mengjin,Liu Wenhui,et al.Origin of natural gas from the Ordovician paleo-weathering crust and gas- filling model in Jingbian Gasfield,Ordos Basin,China[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2009,35(1/2):74-88.
[9]Liu Quanyou,Dai Jinxing,Li Jian,et al.Hydrogen isotope composition of natural gases from the Tarim Basin and its indication of depositional environments of the source rocks[J].Science in China:Series D,2008,51(2):300-311.
[10]Chen Jianfa,Xu Yongchang,Huang Difan.Geochemical characteristics and origin of natural gas in Tarim Basin,China[J].AAPG Bulletin,2000,84(5):591-606.
[11]Huang Difan,Liu Baoquan,Wang Tingdong,et al.Genetic type and maturity of Lower Paleozoic marine hydrocarbon gases in the eastern Tarim Basin[J].Chemical Geology,1999,162(1):65-77.
[12]Liang Digang,Zhang Shuichang,Chen Jianping,et al.Organic geochemistry of oil and gas in the Kuqa Depression,Tarim Basin,NW China[J].Organic Geochemistry,2003,34(7):873-888.
[13]Zou Yanrong,Zhao Changyi,Wang Yunpeng,et al.Characteristics and origin of natural gases in the Kuqa Depression of Tarim Basin,NW China[J].Organic Geochemistry,2006,37(3):280-290.
[14]Dai Jinxing,Chen Jianfa,Zhong Ningning,et al.Large-size Gas Fields in China and Their Sources[M].Beijing:Science Press,2003.[戴金星,陈践发,钟宁宁,等.中国大气田及其气源[M].北京:科学出版社,2003.]
[15]Han Keyou.Forming of large-middle scale gas fields at kaijiang palaeohigh in east Sichuan and exploration target[J].Natural Gas Industry,1995,15(4):1-5.[韩克猷.川东开江古隆起大中型气田的形成及勘探目标[J].天然气工业,1995,15(4):1-5.]
[16]Cai Liguo,Rao Dan,Pan Wenlei,et al.The evolution model of the Puguang Gasfield in northeast of Sichuan[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2005,27(5):462-467.[蔡立国,饶丹,潘文蕾,等.川东北地区普光气田成藏模式研究[J].石油实验地质,2005,27(5):462-467.]
[17]Cai Chunfang,Worden Richard H,Bottrell Simon H,et al.Thermochemical sulphate reduction and the generation of hydrogen sulphide and thiols(mercaptans) in Triassic carbonate reservoirs from the Sichuan Basin,China[J].Chemical Geology,2003,202(1/2):39-57.
[18]Dai Jinxing,Xia Xinyu,Qin Shengfei,et al.Origins of partially reversed alkaned 13C values for biogenic gases in China[J].Organic Geochemistry,2004,35(4):405-411.
[19]Du Jianguo,Jin Zhijun,Xie Hongsen,et al.Stable carbon isotope compositions of gaseous hydrocarbons produced from high pressure and high temperature pyrolysis of lignite[J].Organic Geochemistry,2003,34(1):97-104.
[20]Liu Quanyou,Qin Shengfei,Li Jian,et al.Natural gas geochemistry and its origins in Kuqa Depression[J].Science in China:Series D,2008,51(supplement1):174-182.
[21]Xu Sheng,Nakai Shunichi,Wakita Hiroshi,et al.Helium isotope compositions in sedimentary basins in China[J].Applied Geochemistry,1995,10(6):643-656.
[22]Xiong Yongqiang,Geng Ansong.Carbon isotopic composition of individual light hydrocarbons evolved from pyrolysis of source rocks from Ying-Qiong Basins,China[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2000,17(9):1041-1051.
[23]Feng Zihui,Chi Yuanling,Du Hongwen,et al.Carbon isotopic composition and yield of gaseous hydrocarbon by oil hydrous pyrolysis in rock medium[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2002,20(3):505-509.[冯子辉,迟元林,杜洪文,等.原油在储层介质中的加水裂解生气模拟实验[J].沉积学报,2002,20(3):505-509.]
[24]Yang Chun,Luo Xia,Li jian,et al.Genesis of natural gases in Qingshen Gasfield,Songliao Basin[J].Science in China:Series D,2008,51(supplement 1):140-147.
[25]Liu Q,Jin Z,Li J,et al.Origin of marine sour natural gas and gas-filling model for the Wolonghe Gas Field,Sichuan Basin,China[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2012,58:24-37.
[26]Liu Q Y,Worden R H,Jin Z J,et al.TSR versus non-TSR processes and their impact on gas geochemistry and carbon stable isotopes in Carboniferous,Permian and Lower Triassic marine carbonate gas reservoirs in the eastern Sichuan Basin,China[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,2013,100:96-115.
[27]Ma Y,Zhang S,Guo T,et al.Petroleum geology of the Puguang sour Gasfield in the Sichuan Basin,SW China[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2008,25:357-370.
[28]Zhang Tongwei,Ellis Geoffrey S,Wang Kangshi,et al.Effect of hydrocarbon type on thermochemical sulfate reduction[J].Organic Geochemistry,2007,38(6):897-910.
[29]Zhang Tongwei,Amrani Alon,Ellis Geoffrey S,et al.Experimental investigation on thermochemical sulfate reduction by H2S initiation[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,2008,72(14):3518-3530.
[30]Pan Changchun,Yu Linping,Liu Jinzhong,et al.Chemical and carbon isotopic fractionations of gaseous hydrocarbons during abiogenic oxidation[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2006,246(1/2):70-89.
[31]Worden R H,Smalley P C.H2S-preducing reactions in deep carbonate gas reservoirs: Khuff Formation,Abu Dhabi[J].Chemical Geology,1996,133(1-4):157-171.
[32]Worden R H,Smalley P C,Oxtoby N H.Gas Souring by Thermochemical Sulfate Reduction at 140℃[J].AAPG Bulletin,1995,79(6):854-863.
[33]Machel H G,Krouse H R,Sassen R.Products and distinguishing criteria of bacterial and thermochemical sulfate reduction[J].Applied Geochemistry,1995,10:373-389.
[34]Liu Quanyou,Jin Zhijun,Wang Yi,et al.Genesis of natural gas in marine carbonate of Sichuan Basin and bitumen evidence of TSR alteration[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2009,20(5):759-762.[刘全有,金之钧,王毅,等.四川盆地海相层系天然气成因类型与TSR改造沥青证据[J].天然气地球科学,2009,20(5):759-762.]
[35]Gaupp R,Moller P,Luders V,et al.Fluids in sedimentary basin: An overview[M]//Littke R,Bayer U,Gajewski D.Dynamics of Complex Sedimentary Basins:The Example of the Central European Basin System.Berlin:Springer,2008: 347-365.[JP]
[36]Hu Xiaofeng,Wang Shaohua,Sheng Xiancai,et al.Chemical Property of formation water and oil/gas preservation in the mid-Yangtze[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2007,29(2):32-37.[胡晓凤,王韶华,盛贤才,等.中扬子区海相地层水化学特征与油气保存[J].石油天然气学报,2007,29(2):32-37.]
[37]Zhu Yushuang,Gao Hong.The relations between the fluid features in reservoir and the migration and preservation of oil and gas[J].Journal of Northwest University:Natural Science Edition,2000,30(5):415-418.[朱玉双,高红.油气水物化性质与油气运移及保存[J].西北大学学报：自然科学版,2000,30(5):415-418.]
[38]Jin Zhijun,Long Shengxiang,Zhou Yan,et al.A study on the distribution of saline-deposit in southern China[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2006,27(5):571-583.[金之钧,龙胜祥,周雁,等.中国南方膏盐岩分布特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(5):571-583.]
[39]Pan Wenlei,Liu Guangxiang,Lv Junxiang.Hydrochemical characteristics of formation water and their significance in Jiannan Gasfield,Yudong area of west Hubei Province[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2003,25(3):295-299.[潘文蕾,刘光祥,吕俊祥.鄂西渝东区建南气田地层水水化学特征及其意义[J].石油实验地质,2003,25(3):295-299.]
[1] 李梦茹,唐友军,刘岩,胡辉,贺其川. 江陵凹陷不同地区原油地球化学特征及油源对比[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(9): 1240-1251.
[2] 崔明明，王宗秀，樊爱萍，高万里. 鄂尔多斯盆地苏里格气田西南部地层水特征与气水关系[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(9): 1364-1375.
[3] 马安来，朱翠山，顾忆，李慧莉. 塔中地区中深1C井寒武系原油低聚硫代金刚烷含量分析[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(7): 1009-1019.
[4] 贾智彬,侯读杰,孙德强,姜玉涵,张自鸣,洪梅. 贵州地区牛蹄塘组底部烃源岩地球化学特征[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(7): 1031-1041.
[5] 陈斐然，张义杰，朱光有，张宝收，卢玉红，张志遥. 塔里木盆地台盆区深层天然气地球化学特征及成藏演化[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(6): 880-891.
[6] 邓焱，胡国艺，赵长毅. 四川盆地龙岗气田长兴组—飞仙关组天然气地球化学特征及成因[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(6): 892-907.
[7] 苏佳纯,张金川，朱伟林. 非常规天然气经济评价对策思考[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(5): 743-753.
[8] 贺领兄，宋维刚，安生婷，徐永锋，沈娟，路超，王军. 青海东昆仑地区八宝山盆地烃源岩有机地球化学特征与页岩气勘探前景[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(4): 538-549.
[9] 杨飞，蒲秀刚，姜文亚，韩文中，张伟，时战楠，林常梅. 渤海湾盆地沧东凹陷孔二段细粒相区有机地球化学特征[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(4): 550-558.
[10] 杨丽杰，侯读杰，陈晓东，刁慧. 东海盆地西湖凹陷中部古近系地层水化学特征及地质意义[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(4): 559-571,596.
[11] 于京都, 郑民, 李建忠, 吴晓智, 郭秋麟. 我国深层天然气资源潜力、勘探前景与有利方向[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(10): 1398-1408.
[12] 朱华, 杨光, 苑保国, 应丹琳, 戴鑫, 周红飞, 徐世琦, 谈健康. 四川盆地常规天然气地质条件、资源潜力及勘探方向[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(10): 1475-1485.
[13] 黄少英, 杨文静, 卢玉红, 张科, 赵青, 凡闪. 塔里木盆地天然气地质条件、资源潜力及勘探方向[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(10): 1497-1505.
[14] 郑民, 李建忠, 吴晓智, 王社教, 郭秋麟, 于京都, 郑曼, 陈宁生, 易庆. 我国常规与非常规天然气资源潜力、重点领域与勘探方向[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(10): 1383-1397.
[15] 肖敦清, 姜文亚, 蒲秀刚, 王娜, 岳云福, 孙超囡, 代昆, 滑双君. 渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷中深层天然气成藏条件与资源潜力[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(10): 1409-1421.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!