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南海北部陆坡973-4柱沉积物中硫酸盐—甲烷转换带(SMTZ)研究及其对水合物的指示意义

张劼1，雷怀彦1,2，欧文佳3，杨玉峰1，龚楚君1，史春潇1   

  1. 1.厦门大学海洋与地球学院，福建 厦门 361005； 2.厦门大学近海海洋环境科学国家重点实验室，福建 厦门 361005； 3.中国地质大学资源学院，湖北 武汉 430074
  • 收稿日期:2013-11-04 修回日期:2014-07-25 出版日期:2014-11-10 发布日期:2014-11-10
  • 作者简介:张劼(1988-)，男，陕西西安人，博士研究生，主要从事天然气水合物地质与地球化学研究. E-mail：chandler@stu.xmu.edu.cn.
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(编号：40976035|41276046)|“973”计划“我国天然气水合物富集规律与开采基础研究”(编号：2009CB21951)联合资助.

Research of the Sulfate-Methane Transition Zone (SMTZ)in Sediments of 973-4 Column in Continental Slope of Northern South China Sea

ZHANG Jie1，LEI Huai-yan1,2,OU Wen-jia3,YANG Yu-feng1，GONG Chu-jun1，SHI Chun-xiao1   

  1. (1.College of Ocean and Earth Sciences,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China； 2.State Key Laboratory of Marine Environment Science,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China； 3.Faculty of Earth Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China)
  • Received:2013-11-04 Revised:2014-07-25 Online:2014-11-10 Published:2014-11-10

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摘要： 天然气水合物分解释放的甲烷向上逸散与孔隙水中硫酸盐发生甲烷厌氧氧化—硫酸盐还原反应。深海沉积物有机质氧化也可驱动硫酸盐还原反应。针对甲烷渗漏背景下硫酸盐还原的不同驱动模式，对沉积物中总有机碳、总硫、酸可挥发性硫(AVS)、δ34Spyrite及孔隙水中的SO2-4等进行了测试，结果表明：①总硫在390cm、610~890cm处为0.3%~0.7%，此含量高于相邻层位|②AVS含量在表层较低，于610~868cm区间缓增至565μmol/g，898cm处AVS含量激增至9 315μmol/g|③δ34Spyrite值由浅至深逐渐增大，由-44.4‰升至17.9‰，后回落到12.6‰|④90~900cm区间的SO2-4含量逐渐下降，大于900cm则 SO2-4含量变化不大。研究结果显示：研究区存在分别由有机质氧化和甲烷厌氧氧化驱动的2种硫酸盐还原模式|硫酸盐甲烷转换带以总硫、δ34Spyrite等指标为判定因素可分为上,下2部分|研究区SMI深度约为900cm，这一较浅的SMI预示着研究区深部可能存在天然气藏或天然气水合物藏|结合微生物研究结果发现，研究区地球化学特征和微生物的分布存在耦合现象，这对进一步研究甲烷水合物潜在区的生物地球化学循环具有一定的意义。

关键词: 硫酸盐—甲烷转换带, 硫同位素, 酸可挥发性硫, 黄铁矿, 生物地球化学循环

Abstract: In terms of two different driving modes on the background of methane leakage,a series of studies on total sulfur (TS),acid volatile sulfide (AVS),δ34Spyrite and SO2-4  of seawater have been carried out.The results of above studies showed: (1)The content of TS from 390cm and 610-890cm are slightly higher than those from the adjacent layers,varying from 0.3% to 0.7%|(2)AVS slowly increased from 610cm and reached 565μmol/g at 868cm,finally soared to 9 315μmol/g at 898cm|(3)δ34Spyrite increased gradually from -40.9‰ to 17.9‰|(4)The content of SO2-4 gradually declined during 90-900cm,and stabilized where it was under 900cm.The study shows that: both organic oxidation and anaerobic oxidation of methane can drive sulfate reduction in the study area|sulfate-methane transition zone could be divided into two parts by several factors such as TS and δ34Spyrite.From the distribution of sulfur isotope,AVS and TS,the depth of sulfate-methane interface (SMI)in this area is just over 900cm.The shallow SMI is a strong signal of gas hydrate reservoir which may exist in the deeper layer of the study area.Combined with the research on microbiology,a coupling phenomenon exists between the regional geochemical conditions and microbial distribution.

Key words: Sulfate-methane transition zone, Sulfur isotope, Acid volatile sulfide, Pyrite, Biogeochemical cycles

中图分类号: 

  • TE132.2

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